scholarly journals Legal Certainty – Protected Values and Partial Objectives: The Case of the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-82
Author(s):  
Jana Janderová ◽  
Petra Hubálková
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Administrative Practice ◽  
General Trust ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Arbitrary Decision ◽  
Legitimate Expectations

Legal certainty is an essential prerequisite for individuals’ autonomy, as lack of certainty prevents the planning of future activities and making rational decisions. As other key legal principles, it comprises an axiological quality which influences the interpretation of legal rules and the application of statutory laws. Thus, it should be adhered to by all branches of state power. Its objective is to promote several values that are all important for the protection of human rights: the rule of law, protection of legitimate expectations, general trust in law, prevention of arbitrary decision-making, inadmissibility of retroactivity. However, in some legal systems, the concept of legal certainty is slightly different. These differences also influence the extent and limits of legal certainty as it may not mean total rigidity and prevent necessary changes in statutory laws and decision-making. The reasonable balance is influenced by its axiological content. The article analyses the interpretation practice of the Czech Constitutional Court with the aim to determine the partial values inherent to the principle and categorise them according to their importance. Several partial objectives were determined by qualitative analysis. The quantitative analysis indicates that the key partial objectives include protection of the values comprising a general trust in the law, individuals’ legitimate expectations, and a certain degree of predictability of laws, administrative practice and courts’ decisions (uniformity, transparency, internal consistency and stability). Having identified these values, further research may be conducted as to how and to what extent expectations should be upheld.

scholarly journals On the matter of retroactivity of the rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
O. V. Pushniak
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Temporal Effect ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
General Principles Of Law ◽  
Set Up

The article focuses on the problem of the temporal effect of the rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine declaring the unconstitutionality of legislation, in particular on the matter of retroactivity of such rulings. Based on the existing standpoints in the legal doctrine, the author has analyzed the legislation and legal practices of Ukraine, notably the practice of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the Supreme Court. In particular, the highest consideration is given to the established legal positions of the courts, which set up the non-retroactivity of the rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on unconstitutionality of an act of legislation. This position is based on the courts' interpretation of Art. 152 of the Constitution of Ukraine as such, which makes it impossible for these rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine to be retroactive. The article also examines the exceptions to this rule. The author notes the fundamental shortcomings of this position, whose categorical approach contradicts a number of fundamental legal principles. It unjustifiably prefers legal certainty, ignoring the requirements of justice, protection of human rights, equality, as well as a number of components of legal certainty or similar requirements of supremacy and direct effect of the Constitution of Ukraine, consistency of law, legality. The inconsistency of such position is also highlighted from the standpoint of the legal dogmatics and argumentation. In general, the decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the Supreme Court on this matter do not contain any detailed or proper arguments. Meanwhile, there is a misinterpretation of the relevant provision of the Constitution of Ukraine as determining the direction of the temporal effect of the ruling of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on the rights and obligations, when in fact this provision directly sets only the dates of invalidation of unconstitutional provisions. Under such conditions, the author states that the general principles of law, the current Constitution and legislation of Ukraine generally do not prohibit the retroactivity of rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on unconstitutionality of an act of legislation. Rather, they point at its necessity in many cases. At the same time, the author emphasizes the need for a more flexible approach to determining the directions of the temporal effect of rulings of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine

scholarly journals Position of Tax Debt and Labour Right: Legal Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sonya Liani Ramadayanti
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Bankruptcy Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
The Right

This study aims to explain the position of tax debt and labour right in bankruptcy. The legal research method used in this research using normative research, the legal rules and legal principles used related to bankruptcy law, tax law and labour law will be a reference in describing the problem of the position of tax debt and labour right in bankruptcy cases. The Taxation Law gives a special treatment and higher position on which the tax debt is first to be paid by the debtor and followed by the right borne by the separatist creditor. On the other hand, Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Employment also regulates that the labour of the wages and other rights of the labour and positioned the labour as preferred creditor on which the privilege is given by the law. However, there are no statements in the Employment Law that stated the position of labour as a preferred creditor is higher than separatist creditor in the matter of bankrupt as what the Taxation Kaw expressed creditor is higher than the separatist creditor within the matter of tax payment. That distinction seems positioned the preferred creditor status of labour is lower than the position of separatist creditor on the matter of right fulfillment in bankruptcy. It is certainty that the statement which stated that the collection of tax debts have the right to preceded than other debts does not fit in this matter. Eventually, there is a decision of Constitutional Court Number 67/PUU-XI/2013 that provides a change within the position labour’s right on the matter of bankruptcy.

scholarly journals Individual and Authorities: Principle of Sustaining Citizens’ Trust to the Law and Actions of the State

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Alexey Semitko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Social Conventions ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
The Public ◽  
Russian Constitution ◽  
Legitimate Expectations ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Law

The paper analyzes the principle of sustaining citizen’s trust to the law and actions of the state in the system of individual / authorities relations. This principle is introduced into the Russian legal system by rulings of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation possessing the legal force of the Russian Constitution. However, the Supreme Law itself does not feature this property in the text. It is accordingly required – which is the purpose of this paper – to study this principle’s notion, content, nature, character, scope and place in the system of other legal principles, including those established in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, some of which are referenced by the Court in its rulings to justify the identification of the analyzed principle. To solve the above tasks, methods of interpreting official legal texts were applied (systemic, special legal and logical methods), as well as the anthropological approach. It is established that the researched principle is a general legal (universal) principle that stands on its own in the system of principles and is associated with the need for the whole state’s activity to comply with the established value, moral and ideological beliefs, generally accepted social conventions, etc., i.e. society’s legitimate expectations, which defines its scope and applicability. The recognition and respect of human dignity is central in society’s legitimate expectations from the state as it implements its activities. The latter requirement is fundamental for this principle and the public trust to state’s activities that is shaped during its realization; at the same time, such requirement is a criterion of how aligned state’s actions are with the society’s legitimate expectations. The novelty of this approach rests on identifying closely interconnected grounds, features, content and scope of the researched principle.

scholarly journals El principio de confianza legítima en el derecho a la vivienda: una asignatura pendiente de la doctrina constitucional

2018 ◽  
pp. 333-376
Author(s):  
María Begoña CRESPO HIDALGO
Keyword(s):  
Rental Housing ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Social State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Legitimate Expectations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rental Housing Market

LABURPENA: Etxebizitzak alokatzeko merkatua malgutzeko eta sustatzeko neurriei buruzko ekainaren 4ko 4/2013 Legearen bigarren xedapen gehigarriari buruz, urriaren 22ko 216/2015 KAE, maiatzaren 10eko 51/2018 KAE, eta maiatzaren 24ko 56/2018 KAE eman dira. Lehenengoa a) apartatuari buruzkoa da, zeinaren bitartez zehazten den ez direla berritu behar Etxebizitzako estatu mailako planetan emandako laguntzak eta diru-laguntzak, eta beste biak, b) apartatuari buruzkoak, zeinaren bitartez bi baldintza ezartzen diren babestutako etxebizitza bat eskuratzeko sarrerarako estatuko zuzeneko laguntzak jasotzeko eskubidea izateko. Epai horiek kontuan hartuta, lan honetan konfiantza legitimoaren printzipioaren urraketak duen garrantzi soziala aztertu da, etxebizitza duin eta egoki bat izateko eskubidean proiektatzen denean hain zuzen. Erabaki konstituzionalak, jurisprudentzialak eta doktrinalak aztertu dira estatu sozial batean konfiantza legitimoa bermatzeko segurtasun juridikoari eta legegileek duten mugei dagokionez, baita arauen aurreikusgarritasunari eta aurretik doktrina jurisdikzionala ez egotearen ondoriozko segurtasun juridiko ezari dagokionez. RESUMEN: A raíz de las SSTC 216/2015, de 22 de octubre, 51/2018, de 10 de mayo y 56/2018, de 24 de mayo, sobre la disposición adicional segunda de la Ley 4/2013, de 4 de junio, de Medidas de Flexibilización y Fomento del Mercado del Alquiler de Viviendas, la primera de ellas respecto al apartado a) que determina no renovar las ayudas y subvenciones concedidas en el marco de los Planes Estatales de Vivienda, y las otras dos, sobre el apartado b) que establece dos requisitos para obtener el derecho al abono de las ayudas estatales directas a la entrada para la adquisición de una vivienda protegida, en este trabajo se analiza la transcendencia social de la vulneración del principio de confianza legítima cuando se proyecta sobre un derecho como es el derecho a una vivienda digna y adecuada. Se estudian una serie de pronunciamientos constitucionales, jurisprudenciales y doctrinales en relación con la seguridad jurídica y los límites del legislador para garantizar la confianza legítima en un estado social, así como la previsibilidad de las normas y la inseguridad jurídica derivada de la no existencia de una doctrina jurisdiccional al respecto. ABSTRACT: As a result of judgments 216/2015 of October 22, 51/2018 of May 10 and 56/2018 of May 24 on the second additional provision to Act 4/2013 of June 4 on measures aimed at the flexibilization and promotion of the rental housing market, the first one regarding section a) that determines not to renew aids and subsidies awarded in the framework of the National Government Housing plans and the others regarding section b) that establishes two requirements in order to gain the right to be awarded with state direct aids for the deposit to buy a government-sponsored housing, we analyze the social significance of the infringement of the principle of legitimate expectations when a right such as the right to a decent and appropriate home is impaired. Some series of constitutional, court and doctrine declarations are studied in connection with legal certainty and the limits of the legislator to guarantee legitimate expectations in a Social state, together with the predictability of the rules and the legal insecurity that derivesfrom the lack of a case law doctrine in respect thereof.

scholarly journals Kekuatan Hukum Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Terhadap Pencabutan Larangan Keterlibatan Mantan Narapidana Sebagai Pejabat Publik

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-280
Author(s):  
Mukhlis Mukhlis ◽  
Eddy Purnama ◽  
Zahratul Idami
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Former Prisoners ◽  
Library Research ◽  
National Legal System

Pencabutan Pasal 67 ayat (2) huruf g pada Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 51/Puu-Xiv/2016 menyangkut pembatasan hak mantan narapidana untuk mencalonkan diri dalam pemilihan kepala daerah tentu akan berpengaruh pada undang-undang lain. Baik undang-undang yang sudah ada maupun yang akan dibentuk karena berkaitan dengan sifat final dan mengikat pada putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Tahun 2017 muncul undang-undang baru yang memuat kembali pembatasan hak mantan narapidana yaitu Undang-undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017. Sehingga menarik diteliti kedudukan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam sistem hukum nasional? dan apakah kekuatan putusan Mahkamah Konstistusi bisa mempengaruhi perundang-undangan lain secara keseluruhan?. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kedudukan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam sistem hukum nasional dan pengaruh kekuatan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi terhadap perundang-undangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum yuridis normatif. Penelitian yang mencakup asas-asas hukum, sistematika hukum dan taraf sinkronisasi hukum. Sumber data yang digunakan diperoleh dari penelitian perpustakaan serta informasi dari para ahli akan dianalisis dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi merupakan aturan yang memiliki peranan setingkat dengan perundang-undangan untuk dilaksanakan. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi jelas mampu mempengaruhi semua undang-undang, sehingga undang-undang yang memuat prihal yang sama dipastikan tidak memiliki kepastian hukum. Disarankan adanya suatu aturan hukum yang mempertegas teknis implementasi putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam peraturan perundang-undangan dan tersedianya suatu wadah pengujian kembali terhadap putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi.The revocation of Article 67 paragraph (2) letter g in Law No. 11 of 2006 by the Constitutional Court No. 51 / Puu-Xiv / 2016 concerning restrictions on the rights of former prisoners (ex-convicts) to involve themselves to be the candidate for local election will certainly affect other laws, both the existing laws and laws that will be formed, because they are related to the final and binding characteristic on the decisions of Constitutional Court. In 2017, new law emerged which restated about the restrictions on the rights of former prisoners, namely Law No. 7 of 2017. Thus, it is interesting to investigate the position of the Constitutional Court decision in the national legal system? And whether the power of the Constitutional Court’s decision could influence other legislations as a whole or not? This study aims to examine the position of the Constitutional Court decision in the national legal system and the influence of the power of Constitutional Court decision towards the legislation. This study is conducted by using legal research methods of normative juridical. This research covers legal principles, legal systematic and level of legal synchronization. The source of data used in this research is obtained through library research and information from the experts will be analyzed by legislative approach and case approach. The results of this research indicate that the constitutional court decision is a rule that has the same level as the role of legislation to be implemented. The decision of the Constitutional Court is clearly capable of influencing all laws, so that the law that contains the same subject is certain to have no legal certainty. It is suggested that there should be a legal regulation that reinforces the technical implementation of the Constitutional Court Decision in legislation and the availability of a place for re-testing towards the decisions of Constitutional Court.

scholarly journals Tinjauan Hukum Pencemaran Nama Baik Terhadap Pejabat Negara: Kajian atas Putusan Hakim Nomor 341/Pid.B/2014/PN.SGM

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Orin Gusta Andini
Keyword(s):  
Legal History ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
District Courts ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Electronic Transactions ◽  
The Republic

 AbstrakSejak 2009 hingga saat ini terdapat 30 kasus yang diadili oleh Pengadilan Negeri di Indonesia dengan menggunakan Pasal 27 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Berbagai kasus tersebut memunculkan opini dari sebagian masyarakat yang menganggap pasal-pasal delik pencemaran nama baik bertentangan dengan semangat reformasi yang menjunjung kebebasan berpendapat dan berekspresi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Tulisan ini berkesimpulan bahwa tindak pidana reputasi pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 50/PUU-VI/2008, Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 2/PUU-VII/2009, Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 5/PUU-VIII/2010,  Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 31/PUU-XIII/2015 dan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 76/PUU-XV/2017 tentang Pengujian Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 diatur secara terperinci dengan salah satu pointnya yaitu melakukan perubahan dalam Pasal 27 ayat (3) UU ITE dan menurunkan ancaman pidana pada 2 (dua) ketentuan.Kata Kunci: Delik Reputasi, Kepastian Hukum dan Mahkamah Konstitusi.Abstract  Since 2009 until now there have been 30 cases tried by the District Courts in Indonesia using Article 27 paragraph (3) of Law Number 19 Year 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 Year 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. These various cases gave rise to opinions from some people who considered the articles of defamation offenses contrary to the spirit of reform which upheld the freedom of opinion and expression. This type of research is normative legal research. Normative legal research prioritizes library research with a focus on studies of legal principles, legal systematics, legal synchronization and legal history, this research is also descriptive. This study concluded that the crime of reputation after the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 50 / PUU-VI / 2008, Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 2 / PUU-VII / 2009, Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 5 / PUU-VIII / 2010, Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 31 / PUU-XIII / 2015 and Constitutional Court Decision Number 76 / PUU-XV / 2017 concerning Testing of Law Number 19 Year 2016 concerning Amendment to Law Number 11 Year 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945 is regulated in detail with one of the points, namely making changes in Article 27 paragraph (3) of the ITE Law and reducing criminal threats in 2 (two) provisions.Keywords: Reputation Delik, Legal Certainty and the Constitutional Court.

AN OVERVIEW OF THE JUDICIAL MONITORING AND SUPERVISION URGENCY IN MAKING CLEAN JUDICIARY

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-59
Author(s):  
Yulia Monita ◽  
Nys Arfa ◽  
Elizabeth Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
The People ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Measuring Tool

A clean judiciary is the hope of all levels of Indonesian society. A clean judiciary is a court that carries out its duties and functions based on the provisions of the applicable laws and prioritizes legal certainty, justice, and benefit. This study aims to see how regulating and changing forms of judicial supervision and warning in realizing clean justice and to answer whether other legal rules are still needed to strengthen the role of the people who participate in and monitor the judicial path. This research is normative legal research, it is a study that examines matters of a theoretical nature, principles, conceptions, legal doctrine, and legal principles related to judicial supervision and supervision in the context of realizing a clean judiciary. Meanwhile, the legal materials used are primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials and their sources. The results of this research are a) judicial monitoring and supervision should be done in order to conduct a clean judiciary, b) monitoring and supervising are done not to intervening the results of courts decisions but as a measuring tool to what extent the decisions are fair to the society, c) there are still several judges' decisions which, according to society, are controversial, illustrating the public's distrust of the judiciary.

scholarly journals Penolakan Permohonan Praperadilan Terhadap Penetapan Tersangka dan Penyitaan (Kajian Putusan Nomor 01/Pra.Pid/2016/PN-Mbo)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Hendrawan Sofyan ◽  
Dahlan Ali ◽  
Suhaimi Suhaimi ◽  
Mansari Mansari
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
District Court ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Court Ruling ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
The West ◽  
Legal Rules

Abstrak: Hakim praperadilan Pengadilan Negeri Meulaboh melalui putusan Nomor 01/Pra.Pid/2016/PN-Mbo telah menolak permohonan praperadilan dengan objek perkaranya penetapan tersangka dan penyitaan. Padahal penetapan tersangka tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan yakni tidak adanya penetapan pengadilan untuk penyitaan dan tidak adanya bukti yang cukup untuk menetapkannya sebagai tersangka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertimbangan hakim menolak praperadilan pemohon dan tinjauan yuridis terhadap penolakan permohonan praperadilan. Penelitian ini ingin mengkaji pertimbangan hakim menolak praperadilan dan tinjauan yuridis terhadap penolakan tersebut. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam kategori penelitian yuridis normatif atau dokrtinal dengan tujuan mengkaji tentang asas-asas dan kaidah hukum sesuai dengan kajian ilmu hukum. Bahan hukum primer yang digunakan yaitu UU Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 tentang KUHAP dan Putusan Nomor 01/Pra.Pid/2016/PN-Mbo, Putusan MK Nomor 21/PPU-XII/2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertimbangan hakim menolak praperadilan pemohon yaitu: Pertama, Penetapan tersangka baru menjadi objek praperadilan pada sejak dikeluarkannya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 21/PPU-XII/2014 yang memperluas objek praperadilan yakni pada tahun 2015 dan penyitaan yang dilakukan oleh Polres Aceh Barat telah memenuhi dan sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Dalam perspektif yuridis, putusan hakim Nomor  01/Pra.Pid/2016/PN-Mbo masih banyak kelemahan dan kekeliruan. Pertama, hakim menyatakan bahwa penetapan tersangka bukanlah objek praperadilan sebelum adanya putusan MK, padahal praperadilan diajukan pemohon pada tahun 2016 setelah adanya putusan MK. Kedua, menurut hakim praperadilan penyitaan yang dilakukan telah sesuai padahal tidak adanya penetapan pengadilan untuk dilakukan penyitaan. Ketiga, penolakan praperadilan cenderung melanggar HAM, karena setelah ditolak hingga saat ini tahun 2018 tidak dilimpahkan kasus tersebut ke Pengadilan sehingga tidak adanya kepastian hukum bagi tersangka.Abstract: The pretrial judge of the Meulaboh District Court through Decision Number 01 / Pra.Pid / 2016 / PN-Mbo has rejected a pretrial application with the object of his case for the determination of a suspect and confiscation. Even though the determination of the suspect is not in accordance with the provisions of the legislation, namely the absence of a court's determination for confiscation and the lack of sufficient evidence to determine it as a suspect. This study aims to determine the consideration of judges rejecting pretrial applicants and juridical review of rejecting pretrial applications. This study wants to examine the consideration of judges rejecting pretrial and judicial review of the rejection. This research belongs to the category of normative or doctrinal juridical research with the aim of reviewing the principles and legal rules in accordance with the study of law. The primary legal material used is Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning KUHAP and Decision Number 01 / Pra.Pid / 2016 / PN-Mbo, Constitutional Court Decision Number 21 / PPU-XII / 2014. The results showed that the judge's judgment rejected the applicant's pretrial, namely: First, Determination of the suspect was only the object of pretrial since the issuance of the Constitutional Court ruling Number 21 / PPU-XII / 2014 which expanded the object of pretrial namely in 2015 and the seizure by the West Aceh Police fulfill and comply with applicable laws and regulations. In a juridical perspective, the decision of judge Number 01 / Pra.Pid / 2016 / PN-Mbo still has many weaknesses and errors. First, the judge stated that the determination of the suspect was not the object of pretrial before the Constitutional Court's decision, even though the pretrial was filed by the applicant in 2016 after the Constitutional Court's decision. Secondly, according to the pretrial judge, the seizure carried out was appropriate even though there was no court ruling for confiscation. Third, pretrial refusal tends to violate human rights, because after being rejected until now in 2018 the case has not been transferred to the Court so that there is no legal certainty for the suspect.

scholarly journals STUCK AT A CROSSROADS? SUBSTANTIVE LEGITIMATE EXPECTATIONS IN ENGLISH LAW

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Alison L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Recent Case ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Substantive Equality ◽  
Intuitive Decision Making ◽  
Legitimate Expectations ◽  
English Law

Abstract In “The Provenance and Protection of Legitimate Expectations” Forsyth argued that English law should protect substantive legitimate expectations. However, he was concerned that too great an expansion of legitimate expectations could lead to incoherence and intuitive decision-making. I argue that recent case law, and Forsyth's analysis, have clarified some of these inconsistencies. Nevertheless, the doctrine of legitimate expectations stands at a crossroads. Should it adopt a rules-based approach and narrow legitimate expectations, or a principled approach that embraces a broader conception? I argue that English law needs both for legitimate expectations effectively to balance legal certainty and substantive equality.

scholarly journals The Doctrine of Legitimate Expectations in Tax Relations

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
S A Yadrikhinsky
Keyword(s):  
Main Idea ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Compensation Mechanism ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
The Public ◽  
Russian Version ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
Legitimate Expectations ◽  
The Government

The article deals with the doctrine of legitimate expectations in relation to the Russian tax sphere, which is popular in the European and American legal order. The main idea of the doctrine is the deterrence of the discretionary beginning of public authorities in the implementation of their activities. The promise given by the authorities forms a certain individual expectation, which is subject to protection if it is in the rank of «legitimate». Accordingly, the public authority is bound by this promise and is not free to change or cancel it; there must be a good reason and appropriate justification for making a decision that runs counter to formed expectations. The government must meet the expectations created by it, or at least to minimize the negative effect of the unpredictable deviation from this promise, including through the compensation mechanism. The reverse would mean arbitrary use of power and would contribute to an atmosphere of distrust of the law and the actions of the state. The legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, revealing the principle of maintaining the trust of citizens to the law and the actions of the state as a form of manifestation of western doctrine in the Russian version. It is concluded that the sovereign rights of the state in the matter of taxation do not make its power absolute. The state is not only the bearer of power, but also the main guarantor of the rights and legitimate interests of the person (taxpayer). It is the legal principles and human rights that underlie his legitimate expectations, define the discretionary limits of powers and criteria of discretion of the authorities and act as a deterrent to the fiscal appetite

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