scholarly journals Urban Structure, Energy and Planning: Findings from Three Cities in Sweden, Finland and Estonia

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Große ◽  
Christian Fertner ◽  
Niels Boje Groth
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Functional Relations

Transforming energy use in cities to address the threats of climate change and resource scarcity is a major challenge in urban development. This study takes stock of the state of energy in urban policy and planning and reveals potentials of and constraints to energy-efficient urban development. The relationship between energy and urban structure provides a framework for discussing the role of urban planning to increase energy efficiency in cities by means of three in-depth case studies of medium-sized cities in Northern Europe: Eskilstuna in Sweden, Turku in Finland and Tartu in Estonia. In some ways these cities go ahead when it comes to their national climate and energy policies and aim to establish urban planning as an instrument to regulate and influence the city’s transition in a sustainable way. At the same time, the cities are constantly facing goal conflicts and limitations to their scope of action, which creates dilemmas in their strategic orientation and planning activities (e.g. regional enlargement and increased commuting vs. compact urban development). Finally, considering urban form and spatial structure along with the policy context as well as regional drivers and functional relations is suggested as a suitable approach for addressing the challenges of energy-efficient urban development.

scholarly journals Large-Scale Urban Developments and the Future of Cities: Possible Checks and Balances

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrat Eizenberg
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Urban planning deploys large-scale urban development as a preferred strategy in many places around the world. Such an approach to development transforms the urban form, generates new socio-spatial urban relations, and changes planning principles, decision-making and urban power dynamics. This editorial introduces large scale urban development as the current urban policy, discusses possible checks and balances and presents the thematic issue on "Large Urban Development and the Future of Cities."

scholarly journals From TOD to TAC: Why and How Transport and Urban Policy Needs to Shift to Regenerating Main Road Corridors with New Transit Systems

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Peter Newman ◽  
Sebastian Davies-Slate ◽  
Daniel Conley ◽  
Karlson Hargroves ◽  
Mike Mouritz
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Transit Systems ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Early Case ◽  
Entrepreneurship Theory ◽  
Road Corridors

The need for transit oriented development (TOD) around railway stations has been well accepted and continues to be needed in cities looking to regenerate both transit and urban development. Large parts of suburban areas remain without quality transit down main roads that are usually filled with traffic resulting in reduced urban value. The need to regenerate both the mobility and land development along such roads will likely be the next big agenda in transport and urban policy. This paper learns from century-old experiences in public–private approaches to railway-based urban development from around the world, along with innovative insights from the novel integration of historical perspectives, entrepreneurship theory and urban planning to create the notion of a “Transit Activated Corridor” (TAC). TACs prioritize fast transit and a string of station precincts along urban main roads. The core policy processes for a TAC are outlined with some early case studies. Five design principles for delivering a TAC are presented in this paper, three principles from entrepreneurship theory and two from urban planning. The potential for new mid-tier transit like trackless trams to enable TACs is used to illustrate how these design processes can be an effective approach for designing, financing and delivering a “Transit Activated Corridor”.

scholarly journals Desenvolvimento urbano sustentável: uma contradição de termos?

2000 ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Heloisa Soares de Moura Costa
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Urban Analysis ◽  
Different Origins

Poucos conceitos têm sido tão amplamente utilizados como o de desenvolvimento sustentável, num aparente consenso revelador mais de imprecisão do que de clareza em torno de seu significado. Com base em uma revisão de abordagens recentes, argumenta-se que a noção de desenvolvimento urbano sustentável traz consigo conflitos teóricos de difícil, porém não impossível, reconciliação: a) entre as trajetórias da análise ambiental e da análise urbana que, originando-se em áreas do conhecimento diferentes, confluíram na proposta de desenvolvimento sustentável; b) entre formulações teóricas e propostas de intervenção, traduzindo-se no distanciamento entre análise social/urbana crítica e planejamento urbano. São examinadas propostas de planejamento que adotam o discurso e/ou pressupostos de sustentabilidade urbana, discutindo exemplos da literatura internacional — as cidades compactas européias, o movimento californiano por cidades sustentáveis — e, no caso brasileiro, a experiência recente de planejamento urbano em Belo Horizonte.Palavras-chave: planejamento urbano; desenvolvimento sustentável; meio ambiente; política urbana. Abstract: Few concepts have been so widely adopted as sustainable urban development, an apparent consensus revealing more imprecision than coherence of meaning. The paper discusses some aspects of such theoretical and conceptual fragility as a contribution to building an alternative for the future. The concept is considered to have been worn out by excessive fashionable repetition. The paper argues, however, based on a review of recent approaches ranging from political economy to the contributions of political ecology and post-structuralism, that the concept of sustainable urban development embodies conflicts that are difficult but not impossible to solve: a) the conflict between the different origins of and paths followed by environmental analysis and urban analysis, both converging on the proposition of sustainable development; b) the conflict between theory and practice represented by the growing distance between critical social/urban analysis and urban planning. Finally, some planning proposals are examined as examples of adoption of the discourse and assumptions of sustainable development. They are the European compact city proposal; the Californian sustainable cities movement; and, in the Brazilian case, the recent urban planning experience in Belo Horizonte.Keywords: urban planning; sustainable development; environment; urban policy.

scholarly journals ŠIAULIŲ MIESTO CENTRINĖ DALIS AR URBANISTIKOS PAVELDO SAUGOTINOS TERITORIJOS?

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
Algis Vyšniūnas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Urban Heritage ◽  
The Status

On 27 January 1969 the list of urban heritage in Lithuania was officially declared, and therefore 62 cities and towns, with the exception of S˘iauliai, were given the status of local Lithuanian urban values. In 1980 the revised list of Lithuanian urban heritage again disregarded S˘iauliai. But the analysis of the current situation, estimating demands of urban development, has demonstrated the existence of a very clear historic urban structure in Šiauliai, which can be regarded as a valuable urban heritage territory. A lot of scientific research projects, urban planning documents, architectural and urban competitions strengthened an urban heritage argument with facts. The ways of legitimating an urban heritage status are obvious. The potential of urban development in the central part of S˘iauliai is enormous, but a balance between urban de- veploment and urban heritage conservation and preservation is also very important. The paper applies scientific statistical data and information received from the urban concept of Šiauliai and the analysis of the current urban structure. The information of the paper can be applied for creating a recommendable indicator system and urban development principles during the detailed planning process in Šiauliai. Santrauka 1969 m. sausio 27 d. LSSR kultūros ministro ir LSSR Ministrų tarybos valstybinio statybos reikalų komiteto pirmininko įsakymu Nr. 37/16 paskelbtas Lietuvos urbanistinių paminklų sąrašas. Taigi 62 miestai ir miesteliai buvo paskelbti vietos reikšmės urbanistikos paminklais, bet paminklų sąraše nėra Šiaulių miesto. Nėra ir 1980 m. patikslintame Lietuvos urbanistinių paminklų sąraše. Iš atliktos esamos padėties analizės, įvertinus urbanistinės plėtros poreikį ir potencialą, paaiškėjo, kad Šiaulių mieste yra labai aiški istoriškai susiklosčiusi urbanistinė struktūra, kuri, tinkamai respektuota, gali būti traktuojama kaip urbanistinio paveldo teritorija. Taip pat atlikta mokslinių darbų, galimybių studijų, teritorijų planavimo dokumentų, konkursinių projektų ir pan. analizė ne tik tą patvirtino, bet ir parodė būdus, kaip tą padaryti. Šiaulių miesto centrinės dalies urbanistinės plėtros potencialas didelis, bet labai svarbus plėtros ir apsaugos balansas. Straipsnio pobūdis – taikomasis, nes sukurtas rekomendacijų blokas, kuris leidžia parengti rekomendacinių užstatymo principų ir rodiklių kompleksą, kuriuo remiantis galima būtų rengti Šiaulių miesto centrinės dalies detaliojo plano reglamentus.

scholarly journals GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY APPROACHES IN URBAN MORPHOLOGY FOR RESILIENT URBAN GOVERNANCE

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norzailawati Mohd Noor ◽  
Marina Mohd Nor ◽  
Alias Abdullah ◽  
Rustam Khairi Zahari
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Geospatial Technology ◽  
Land Use Development

This study analysed the potential of applications of geospatial technology in urban planning research in urban morphology. Urban morphology is the study of the form of human settlements and the process of their formation and transformation. It is an approach in designing urban form that considers both physical and spatial components of the urban structure. This study was conducted in Georgetown, Penang with the main purpose to identify the evolution of urban morphology and the land use expansion using remote sensing images and Geographical Information System (GIS) technique. Four series of temporal satellite SPOT 5 J from 2004, 2007, 2009, and 2014 were used to detect an expansion of land use development using change detection technique. Three types of land use were identified, namely built-up area, unbuilt-up area, and water bodies with a good accuracy of above 85%. The result showed that the built-up area significantly increased due to the rapid development in urban area. Finally, the result provided an understanding and strengthened the relationship between urban planning and geospatial applications in creating sustainable and resilient city and future urban governance.

scholarly journals The Mobility and/or Fixity of Urban and Planning Policies – The Role of Divergent Urban Planning Cultures

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Hamedinger
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Policy Actors ◽  
Policy Models ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Policy Mobilities

Cities and regions are increasingly interconnected on a global scale. In the process of the making of cities and regions policy actors increasingly rely on globally flowing and very mobile urban policy models, which have been originally developed in different socio-spatial contexts. Simultaneously the search for these policies and their implementation is refracted by local/regional factors, which are relatively fixed as they are rooted in historically produced planning cultures. In this conceptual paper governance change is discussed through looking at the interplay between fixity and motion in urban development. For this purpose approaches to planning cultures and policy mobilities are related to each other theoretically.

scholarly journals Formation and implementation of urban policy using the example of Saransk, Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 11024
Author(s):  
Elvira Egereva ◽  
Alina Barmenkova ◽  
Alexei Barmenkov ◽  
Dmitry Surovtsev
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Urban Development Policy

In the process of research the essence of urban policy was disclosed, the basic concept of urban space development were considered, historical prerequisites for the formation of public spaces and modern world trends were identified, a review of the regulatory framework for the formation and implementation of urban planning policies was carried out, priority directions for improving the efficiency of the mechanisms for implementing the urban development policy of the district of Saransk in conditions of the transformation of public spaces were developed.

GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY APPROACHES IN URBAN MORPHOLOGY FOR RESILIENT URBAN GOVERNANCE

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noorzailawati Mohd Noor ◽  
Marina Mohd Nor ◽  
Alias Abdullah ◽  
Rustam Khairi Zahari
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Geospatial Technology ◽  
Land Use Development

This study analysed the potential of applications of geospatial technology in urban planning research in urban morphology. Urban morphology is the study of the form of human settlements and the process of their formation and transformation. It is an approach in designing urban form that considers both physical and spatial components of the urban structure. This study was conducted in Georgetown, Penang with the main purpose to identify the evolution of urban morphology and the land use expansion using remote sensing images and Geographical Information System (GIS) technique. Four series of temporal satellite SPOT 5 J from 2004, 2007, 2009, and 2014 were used to detect an expansion of land use development using change detection technique. Three types of land use were identified, namely built-up area, unbuilt-up area, and water bodies with a good accuracy of above 85%. The result showed that the built-up area significantly increased due to the rapid development in urban area. Finally, the result provided an understanding and strengthened the relationship between urban planning and geospatial applications in creating sustainable and resilient city and future urban governance.

scholarly journals Stages in the configuration of urban form in urban development planning: the emerging role of open spaces as sustainability mechanism. The case of Valladolid (Spain)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Fernández-Maroto
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Definition Of

Along the last five decades and through three different stages, the urban development plans —general plans— of Valladolid, a medium-sized Spanish city, show an interesting evolution in the way of configuring the global urban form and controlling urban development that we can also find in other similar Spanish cities. In the sixties and seventies, plans proposed “autonomous” expansive schemes foreseeing a huge rate of urban growth, so they defined wide areas to be urbanised through new transport infrastructures and typical zoning mechanisms. In the eighties, after decay in urban and economic development and during the transition to democracy, the new local governments focused on the existing city and fostered a more controlled urban growth. However, plans continued to employ the same tools to manage future urban form —definition of transport infrastructures and sectors to be urbanised—, although they looked for more “controllable” forms, such as radio-concentric ones, aiming at a gradual and homogeneous implementation —compact city—. When real-estate market recovered in early nineties, this strategy revealed its weaknesses: fragmented urban fringe and tendency to a congestive model, reinforced when a new generation of expansive plans drove these schemes out of the limits they were conceived with. However, an alternative and more sustainable model had already emerged, as some new urban planning tools proposed a change of perspective: managing global urban form not through future urbanised spaces, but through open ones, generating an “empty” network able to give coherence to the whole urban structure in a metropolitan scale.

scholarly journals Evolution stages of the spatial urban development

2016 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Yu. Stebletska
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Social Geography ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Industrial Age ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The Impact

The factors influencing the change of urban space were considered. Key stages of urban geohistory were emphasized and in accordance with that the main historical types of cities were grouped. Each evolution stage of the spatial urban development was in detail analyzed. The main features, processes, and superior system of settlement for all historical types of cities were defined. Outstanding characteristics of all historical types of cities of all ages were determined and described. A table for features of historical types of cities on key indicators was designed. A decisive influence of economic systems on urban form and its social geography was defined. The influence of the transition of settlements from the early preindustrial economy to the classical industrial city through a capitalist economy, and later to modern approaches and trends in the so-called theory of “post-industrial” city through research of urban geohistory was traced. The way of decay of urban planning of preindustrial age from the rigidly regulated by the state, however well-ordered and well-thought-out planning on the basis of an orthogonal grid in ancient cities, to the spontaneous and disordered development in the Middle Ages, when the core of the city was the fortress and monastery, was studied. Typicality of the cities of the industrial age of the return from the uncontrolled growth, when the decisive role was played by differentiated rents for land in the early models of the industrial city, to the functional zoning in the age of modernism was defined. Urban planning in the post-industrial age in terms of the traditional city through the global processes of urbanization, which create new socio-spatial forms of settlements (metropolitan region, multicentered metropolitan regions) were described. The impact of globalization on the urban space and on creation of new forms of urban settlements was considered. Social and economic features that indicate the development of postmodern metropolis were considered.

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