scholarly journals ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NA PERSPECTIVA MULTICULTURAL: REFLETINDO A EDUCAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DENTRO DA TEORIA PÓS-COLONIAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (30) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Hélio José Santos Maia ◽  
Maria Helena Da Silva Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Frantz Fanon ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
Homi Bhabha ◽  
Timor Leste

O artigo apresenta desafios ao ensino de ciências frente à universalização da educação e os enfoques multiculturais nas diferentes áreas das ciências naturais, bem como os encaminhamentos pedagógicos na formação dos professores. O trabalho é parte de um estudo de representação em conceitos científicos na escola primária de Timor-Leste, para tese de doutorado e tem como principal problema, refletir e analisar como modernamente se articulam pedagogicamente as áreas das ciências que são colocadas ao ensino básico em face à convergência aos caminhos multiculturais. Como metodologia utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica em artigos e livros, assim como investigação de caráter qualitativo em loco nas escolas primárias do Timor-Leste e na formação de professores timorenses. Para o entendimento de abordagens culturais no ensino de ciências se recorreu à teoria pós-colonial, a partir dos trabalhos de Edward Said, Frantz Fanon, Homi Bhabha, Arjun Appadurai que situam o universo pós-colonial em frente às concepções eurocêntricas e dos encaminhamentos da teoria no campo do ensino de ciências de Lyn Carter, Aikenhead entre outros. A confluência da pesquisa bibliográfica com a investigação de campo permitiu perceber a diversidade de visões sobre o ensino de ciência que abarca concepções externalistas e internalistas frente aos caminhos ideológicos multiculturais e suas variadas formas de compreender o mundo. A análise dos dados obtidos na pesquisa se deu por meio da confrontação dos achados bibliográficos com o que se verificou na investigação de campo e permitiu o estabelecimento de algumas conclusões. Considerando que os valores culturais refletem uma espécie de opinião étnica sobre a natureza, sem o rigor da ciência clássica, ao admiti-los no corpo dos conhecimentos científicos sem a devida separação destes, corre-se o risco de piorar o ensino de ciências naturais ao mistificar explicações regidas por leis naturais acerca dos mais variados fenômenos físicos e biológicos, fortalecendo as concepções alternativas dos estudantes em detrimento dos conhecimentos científicos que se deseja estabelecer. 

Homi Bhabha and Communication Studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Daniel Elam
Keyword(s):  
American Literature ◽  
Postcolonial Theory ◽  
Frantz Fanon ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
Homi Bhabha ◽  
British Rule ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Political Commitments ◽  
The U.S

Homi Bhabha (b. 1949) is among the founding generation of scholars of “postcolonial theory” as it emerged in the U.S. and U.K. academies in the 1980s and 1990s, and is currently the Anne F. Rothenberg Professor of English and American Literature and Language. Bhabha’s intellectual emergence coincided with the emergence of “postcolonial theory” in the 1980s and 1990s. Bhabha’s particular contribution to postcolonial critique is unique in successfully combining the fields of post-structuralism, history, and psychoanalysis, and in relationship to the texts and histories of British rule in South Asia. Bhabha is best situated within an often-overshadowed strain of postcolonial theory committed to the recovery of universality rather than the demand for particularity, a lineage that includes Frantz Fanon and Edward Said. Bhabha’s key concepts and terms, especially “ambivalence” and “hybridity,” have been taken up across many fields under the rubrics of postcolonial and/or diasporic intervention. Bhabha’s writing and theoretical arguments are based primarily in perpetual negotiation, in opposition to negation. Understanding this key intervention makes it possible to grasp the full scale of Bhabha’s driving concerns, theoretical conceptions, and political commitments.

scholarly journals O olhar etnográfico e a voz subalterna

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
pp. 107-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Jorge de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Edward Said ◽  
Homi Bhabha ◽  
Gayatri Spivak

O artigo propõe, em primeiro lugar, uma revisão teórica da Antropologia, avaliando seu lugar no rol das teorias atuais das Ciências Humanas. Para tanto, constrói a metáfora das metamorfoses do olhar etnográfico, o que permite detectar momentos importantes da recepção e reprodução, em países periféricos como o Brasil, desse saber plasmado nos países centrais nos dias do colonialismo. Em seguida passa em revista as idéias de teóricos do pensamento pós-colonial e dos estudos subalternos, como Edward Said, Gayatri Spivak e Homi Bhabha. Num terceiro momento, discute as possibilidades de uma etnografia pós-colonial, voltada para a narração das vozes subalternas, o que aproxima a Antropologia da Literatura Comparada. Finalmente, ilustra essas discussões com a apresentação de uma narrativa extraordinária de uma quebradeira de côco de babaçu do Maranhão, texto que erijo como emblemático da condição contemporânea de desenraizamento e perplexidade a que estamos submetidos, tanto os nossos supostos nativos como os etnógrafos e intelectuais dos países periféricos.

The Last Muslim Intellectual

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Dabashi
Keyword(s):  
Liberation Theology ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Public Intellectual ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Aime Cesaire ◽  
Frantz Fanon ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
Intellectual Biography ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Urgent Task

The first comprehensive social and intellectual biography of Jalal Al-e Ahmad, this book explores the life and legacy of Jalal Al-e Ahmad (1923-69), arguably the most prominent Iranian public intellectual of his time and contends that he was the last Muslim intellectual to have articulated a vision of Muslim worldly cosmopolitanism, before the militant Islamism of the last half a century degenerated into sectarian politics and intellectual alienation from the world at large. This unprecedented engagement with Al-e Ahmad’s life and legacy is a prelude to what Dabashi calls a post-Islamist Liberation Theology. The Last Muslim Intellectual is about expanding the wide spectrum of anticolonial thinking beyond its established canonicity and adding a critical Muslim thinker to it is an urgent task, if the future of Muslim critical thinking is to be considered in liberated terms beyond the dead-end of its current sectarian predicament. A full social and intellectual biography of Jalal Al-e Ahmad, a seminal Muslim public intellectual of the mid-20th century, this book places Al-e Ahmad’s writing and activities alongside other influential anticolonial thinkers of his time, including Frantz Fanon, Aimé Césaire and Edward Said. Chapters cover Jalal Al-e Ahmad’s intellectual and political life; his relationship with his wife, the novelist Simin Daneshvar; his essays; his fiction; his travel writing; his translations; and his legacy.

The Creation of Tiquicidad and Theories of National Identity

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-52
Author(s):  
Liz Harvey-Kattou
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Judith Butler ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Frantz Fanon ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
Homi Bhabha ◽  
Gayatri Spivak ◽  
Benedict Anderson ◽  
The Creation

This chapter delves into the psyche of Costa Rica’s identity, providing a historical and sociological analysis of the creation of the dominant – tico – identity from 1870 to the present day, framing these around theories of colonial discourse. Considering work by postcolonial scholars such as Benedict Anderson, Frantz Fanon, Homi Bhabha, Gayatri Spivak, and Judith Butler, it explores how the discourse of centre and ‘Other’ has been created within the nation. It then provides a historical account of ‘Otherness’ within the nation, detailing the existence and rights won by Afro-Costa Rican, feminist, and LGBTQ+ groups, detailing a framework of hybrid subalternity which will be used to consider the challenges put forward to dominant national identity in chapters two and three.

Postcolonialism in International Relations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Wilkens
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
Subaltern Studies ◽  
Homi Bhabha ◽  
Social Theories ◽  
Gayatri Spivak ◽  
Theoretical Paradigms

Some of the main genealogies within postcolonial scholarship are discussed, with a focus on key thinkers, such as Edward Said, Homi Bhabha, Gayatri Spivak, Aníbal Quijano, and Walter Mignolo. Key concepts, such as colonial discourse theory, development, and subaltern studies are presented. The discussion of postcolonial thought is embedded in a reflection on its relation to other theoretical paradigms and social theories (e.g., poststructuralism, world-system theory, Marxism). This focus seeks to highlight some of the main contours of the field, while also pointing out the ways postcolonialism has shaped the discipline of international relations (IR).

AFRICAN SKIN, VICTORIAN MASKS: THE OBJECT LESSONS OF MARY KINGSLEY AND EDWARD BLYDEN

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Shapple Spillman
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
West Indian ◽  
Frantz Fanon ◽  
Victorian England ◽  
Rhetorical Question ◽  
Mary Kingsley ◽  
Homi Bhabha ◽  
Object Lessons ◽  
Object Lesson ◽  
Black Man

While addressing the Royal African Society, founded in honor of Mary Henrietta Kingsley, Edward Wilmot Blyden reflected on one of his more memorable experiences in Victorian England: During a visit to Blackpool many years ago, I went with some hospitable friends to the Winter Garden where there were several wild animals on exhibition. I noticed that a nurse having two children with her, could not keep her eyes from the spot where I stood, looking at first with a sort of suspicious, if not terrified curiosity. After a while she heard me speak to one of the gentlemen who were with me. Apparently surprised and reassured by this evidence of a genuine humanity, she called to the children who were interested in examining a leopard, “Look, look, there is a black man and he speaks English.” (Blyden, “West” 363) Blyden, a West Indian-born citizen of Liberia and resident of Sierra Leone, assures his audience that such scenes were not unique for the African abroad, even at the turn of the twentieth century; seen as “an unapproachable mystery,” an African traveler like himself was “at once ‘spotted’ as a peculiar being – sui generis” who, as if by nature, “produce[d] the peculiar feelings of the foreigner at the first sight of him” (Blyden, “West” 362, 363). Keenly aware of how non-Europeans were displayed at metropolitan zoos, fairs, and exhibitions throughout the nineteenth century, Blyden puns on the leopard's spots in order to highlight his experience of being marked as an object of curiosity. Indeed, the nurse's anxious wavering between curiosity and terror dissipates not because Blyden ceases to appear marked, or “spotted,” but because the taxonomic crisis he arouses by not standing on the other side of the fence has been temporarily contained: she distances the threat of Blyden's difference as “a black man” while evading the equally threatening possibility of recognizing his sameness as one who “speaks English.” The nurse, to borrow the words of Homi Bhabha in describing the fetishism of such colonial “scenes of subjectification” (Bhabha 81), constructs the man before her as “at once an ‘other’ and yet entirely knowable and visible” in a way that attempts to “fix” Blyden's identity and the Victorian categories his appearance unsettles (Bhabha 70–71), while making the relation between differences and their appended significance appear natural (Bhabha 67). If, by expressing himself in his characteristically impeccable English in order to vindicate his “genuine humanity” (Blyden, “West” 363), Blyden appears to be “putting on the white world” at the expense of his autonomy (Fanon 36), he simultaneously wages battle in this world at the level of signification in ways that anticipate the work of the later African nationalist and West Indian emigrant, Frantz Fanon. An extensive reader and ordained minister who recognized the politics of exegesis as well as semiosis, Blyden implicitly asks his audience, “Can the Ethiopian change his skin, or the leopard his spots?” (Jeremiah 13, 23). Posing a rhetorical question that argues rather than asks, that brandishes the very texts often used against him, Blyden subtly deploys this passage typically associated with the intransience of human character in order to defy attempts at determining him entirely from without. Serving as a kind of object lesson demonstrating the need for less objectifying knowledge about Africans and their cultures, Blyden's anecdote challenged his contemporaries to further the lessons he and Mary Kingsley offered through their writing.

Texture as Substance: Reading Homi K. Bhabha Re-membering Frantz Fanon

PMLA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Henry Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Frantz Fanon ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Multiple Viewpoints ◽  
Homi Bhabha ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Black Skin ◽  
Stuart Hall ◽  
Strong Reading ◽  
Striking Contrast

[T]he idea of Man as his alienated image, not Self and Other but the “Otherness” of the self inscribed in the perverse palimpsest of colonial identity. (116)According to Isaac Julien, the director of Black Skin, White Mask, a film imagining the life of Frantz Fanon, Homi Bhabha is presented in a nonspeaking role as a colored, racialized “colonial subject” to lend “texture” to the cinematography (Interview). Unlike the eloquent postcolonial critics Stuart Hall and Françoise Vergès, who are interviewed extensively in the ilm, the mute Bhabha is a cipher, a visual trace of diference in the philosophical, cinematic, and audio montage that composes Julien's meditation on decolonization (Frantz Fanon [Director's cut]). In many ways, Julien's Fanon seems indebted to Bhabha's strong reading, against the grain of Fanon's oeuvre, in “Remembering Fanon: Self, Psyche and the Colonial Condition,” a foreword Bhabha wrote for a new British edition of Fanon's Black Skin, White Masks, published in 1986. Julien's Fanon is an interstitial igure, stitched together through multiple viewpoints and physically composed of cinematic elements juxtaposed in striking contrast to one another. He emerges from scraps of discourse cast of and reassembled, much as Bhabha's Fanon is captured in Fanon's ungrammatical utterance that betrays by ellipsis the nature of identity, which is that identity is “not”: “The Negro is not. Any more than the white man” (113). The revelation that the nature of identity is spatially split and temporally deferred-the deinition of Derridean diférance-is most truly represented in the colonial situation, where white mythologies of wholeness and authenticity are actualized as performances of power. When these mythologies are accompanied by paranoid fantasies of blackness that reveal the contradictory duplicity of white representations of the other-the simian Negro, the inscrutable Chinaman-this racial discrimination and its neurotic imagery reveal the nature of the white self and its pretense of universality: that the human is not whole and that the Enlightenment dream of self-presence is an illusion thrown up by the anxious exercise of mastery over those lesser humans, the Negroes.

scholarly journals O outro lado da verdade: imagens do racismo em 'Cadernos de memórias coloniais'

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (43) ◽  
pp. 38-52
Author(s):  
Danielle Gomes Mendes ◽  
Gabriel Vidinha Corrêa ◽  
Márcia Manir Miguel Feitosa
Keyword(s):  
Frantz Fanon ◽  
Edward Said

A experiência em África tem sido tema recorrente na mais recente produção literária de língua portuguesa, sobretudo nas obras lusitanas e africanas. Alguns autores têm rompido o silêncio e desnudado as verdades por trás da ação colonizadora europeia; neste caso, os últimos anos do Império português. É nesse contexto que a obra Cadernos de memórias coloniais (2019), de Isabela Figueiredo, é ambientada. O enredo traz à baila a realidade perpetrada na sociedade colonial, principalmente a relação entre colonos e negros colonizados impregnada de racismo e opressão. Diante disso, esse trabalho investiga as imagens do racismo na referente obra e como as ideologias segregacionistas europeias foram as principais precursoras do preconceito racial que vigora até hoje tanto na sociedade portuguesa, quanto em todo o contexto mundial. Por conseguinte, este trabalho estabelece um diálogo interdisciplinar em que a literatura versa sobre os pressupostos da teoria pós-colonial, a história e os estudos culturais. Entre os autores estudados, destacam-se os apontamentos de Frantz Fanon, Edward Said, Kabenguele Munanga, Thomas Bonnici.

scholarly journals Na canoa de Mia Couto: a poética da travessia em 'O outro pé da sereia', de Mia Couto

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amilton Freire De Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Edouard Glissant ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
Homi Bhabha ◽  
Silviano Santiago

A pauta principal deste artigo ampara-se no escopo de examinar a poética da travessia no romance O Outro Pé da Sereia (2006), de Mia Couto. Para perambular nessa frutuosa paisagem ficcional, serão articuladas as bússolas teórico-metodológicas lapidadas por Tania Franco Carvalhal, Silviano Santiago, Benjamim Abdala Júnior, Laura Cavalcante Padilha, Eneida Maria de Souza, Zilá Bernd, Maria Zilda Ferreira Cury, Daniel Henri-Pageaux, Édouard Glissant, Linda Hutcheon, Homi Bhabha e Edward Said. Com as chaves de leitura gestadas por esses intelectuais, espera-se entrar pelas portas do romance miacoutiano, de tal forma a lê-lo sob o limbo temático dos laços de solidariedade estabelecidos em torno da construção de cenas literárias alicerçadas na figuração de atores narrativos que modulam na frequência do pensamento da fronteira, do rizoma, da errância e das redes. Passeando na encruzilhada desse rizoma de solidariedade, olhado sob os auspícios da poética da travessia, o presente trabalho movimenta-se rumo ao mapeamento de percursos de personagens que se despem das clausuras da raiz monolíngue, como ensina Glissant (2011), para tornam-se seres errantes que peregrinam nas zonas opacas dos paradoxos da violência física e simbólica imputada à(s) África(s).  A partir da leitura transversal desses lugares de trocas, intercâmbios, desvios, deriva, fragmentação, hibridismo e mestiçagem, quer-se projetar um balbucio que culmine por mapear as passagens e os transportes interculturais operados no plano das textualidades ficcionais contemporâneas. Em face disso, nosso olhar ancora-se na lição de que ler e analisar um texto literário é saber que ele esgarça a fronteira literária, convocando a moldura de outros campos do saber, conforme pontua Eneida Souza. Destarte, para fechar com a prestimosa metáfora de Tania Carvalhal, busca-se rastrear os encontros na travessia (1991), haja vista os encontros contribuírem, em última instância, para investigar os modos de abertura ao Outro na cartografia das cenas rizomáticas, fronteiriças e errantes grafadas no palco da letra de Mia Couto.

scholarly journals Uncovering Identity Complication in Season of Migration to the North a Novel by Tayeb Salih

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Saman A. Husain
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
Postcolonial Theory ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
Frantz Fanon ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Tour Guides ◽  
Homi Bhabha ◽  
Tourist Satisfaction ◽  
The North ◽  
Tayeb Salih

The aim of this paper is to analyse and investigate the issue of identity in Tayeb Salih's novel Season of Migration to the North according to postcolonial theory.  Identity crisis refers to the context in which a person questions the whole idea of life. Philosophically, the identity crisis has been studied under the theories of existentialism. The term is coined to indicate a person, whose egoism and personality is filled with questions regarding life foundation, feeling and arguing that life has no value. in the novel by Tayeb Salih, Season of Migrating to the North, there are several instances that can be cited to indicate the existence of an identity crisis in the story. In this paper, we highlight and exemplify on such issues in an attempt to show how the theme of identity crisis has been presented in the novel. The paper considers the postcolonial theories of Edward Said, Frantz Fanon and Homi Bhabha to analyse the novel in terms of their representation of identity crisis. Keywords— tour guides, tour guide performance, tourist satisfaction, destination and customer loyalty.

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