TOTAL FLAVONOIDS, TOTAL PHENOLICS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BETONICA OFFICINALIS L. FROM KOSOVO

Objective: The objectives of this research were to evaluate and compare the antioxidant activity; phenolics and flavonoids contents; and chemical composition of some galactopoietic herbs used in Indonesia and to find a possible relationship between antioxidant activity; phenolics, flavonoids and chemical composition of these plants.Methods: A wide range of analytical parameters was studied, including yield; pH; water activity (aw); total color difference; phenolics and flavonoids content; moisture; ash; protein; fat; carbohydrate; fiber; calcium; zinc; magnesium; potassium; iron content; and the data were analyzed by partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate the correlation between the parameters and classification of the plants. Folin–cioceltaeu assay, aluminum chloride assay and DPPH scavenging assay were used to evaluate of total phenolics content and free radical scavenging activity of the ethanolic extract of galactopoietic herbs.Results: All of the galactagogue herbs, viz. Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) (PA), Sauropus androgynus (SA), Moringa oleifera (MO), and Carica papaya leaves (CP) exhibited good results of TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity. MO contained the highest average of total phenolics content (53.89 mg GAE/g). SA with a ratio of total flavonoids to total phenolics (TF/TP) which is 1.59 contained the highest average of total flavonoids and antioxidant activity (IC50), 43.63 mg QE/g and 126.13 μg/ml, respectively, followed by MO>CA>PA. Based on PLS and PCA analysis, antioxidant activity correlated with fat, protein, phenolics content, flavonoids content and pH, but only the total flavonoids content correlated strongly with antioxidant activity.Conclusion: This provides useful data about the studied relationships and chemical patterns in some galactopoietic herbs used and provides a helpful tool for understanding much more about the interpretation of results from the experiments and the mechanism of biosynthesis in plants.

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Pengaruh Penambahan Buah Asam (Tamarindus indica L.) Terhadap Karakteristik Loloh Don Teter (Solanum erianthum)

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan (ITEPA) ◽

10.24843/itepa.2021.v10.i01.p10 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 108

Author(s):

I Wayan Ryantama Swastika Braja ◽

I Dewa Gede Mayun Permana ◽

I Ketut Suter

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Raw Material ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Tamarindus Indica ◽

Total Solids ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Range Test

Loloh teter leaf is one of the traditional drinks in Bali, it made from raw material of teter leaf and other matter such as tamarind fruit, sugar and salt. The study aims to determine the effect of additional tamarind fruit (Tamarindus indica L.) to produce Loloh Teter leaf (Solanum erianthum) with the best characteristics. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the addition of tamarind fruit treatment consisting of 6 levels, namely : 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5%. The treatment was repaeated 3 times for abtaining obtained 18 experimental units. The data obtained were analyzed by variance and if the treatment had significant effect followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results of this study indicate that the treatment of tamarind fruit addition has a very significant effect (P<0,01) on total phenolics, total flavonoids, vitamin C, antioxidant activity, total solids, color (hedonic test) and taste (scoring test). The best treatment in this study was the addition of 2,5% tamarind fruit with the total phenolics 0.86 GAE/100ml, total flavonoids 0.48 QE/100ml, vitamin C 26.39 mg/100ml, antioxidant activity 47.05% with IC50 valued 271,382.73 ppm, total solids 7.44%, the color is usual as well as, the aroma is rather liked, the teste is sour and rather liked and overall acceptance is rather liked.

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Antioxidant Activity of Extract from Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Durian Peels

Journal of Applied Food Technology ◽

10.17728/jaft.3309 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bambang Kunarto ◽

Ely Yuniarti Sani

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Ultrasonic Assisted ◽

Total Flavonoids Content ◽

Phenolics Content ◽

Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction

The increase in durian production results in the accumulation of durian peel waste. The bioactive component of durian peel has the potential to be used as an antioxidant. Thus, there is a need to carry out an extraction process to obtain bioactive compounds from durian peel. However, conventional extraction methods cause damage to phenolic compounds due to oxidation, hydrolysis and ionization reactions during the extraction process. Therefore, durian peel extraction was carried out using ultrasonic assisted extraction method (UAE) in this study. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of varying ratios of durian peel to ethanol solvents and extraction time on the yield, total phenolics content, total flavonoids content and antioxidant activity. The results of the research data were analyzed using a two-factor completely randomized design, which included variations of the ratio of durian peel to ethanol solvents and extraction time The Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) was carried out as a follow up test to determine the differences in each treatment at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that the best treatment for peel extraction using ultrasonic assisted extraction was a 1: 9 ratio of durian peel to ethanol at an extraction time of 20 minutes. The extraction of durian peel under this condition gave the highest yield of 12.77 ± 0.16%, antioxidant activity (IC50) of 38.33 ± 0.12 ppm, total phenolic content of 63.30 ± 0.08 mgGAE / g and total flavonoids content of 47.53 ± 0.48 mgQE / g. In addition, total phenolics content and total flavonoid content showed a strong correlation to the antioxidant activity of durian peel extract.

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Effect of Salinity on Morphological Characteristics, Biochemical Accumulation, and Essential Oil Yield and Composition in Black Horehound (Ballota nigra L.)

10.20944/preprints202108.0059.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mehdi Younessi Mehdikhanlou ◽

Zahra Dibazarnia ◽

Shahin Oustan ◽

Vinson Teniyah ◽

Ramesh Katam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

In Vitro Culture ◽

Salinity Stress ◽

Salt Concentration ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Total Flavonoids

Black horehound (Ballota nigra L.) is one of the important medicinal plants, which is a rich source of health-promoting essential oils. Salinity stress affects plant development and alters the quality and quantity of plants extracts and their composition. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of salinity on morphological, physiological characteristics, and secondary metabolites of B. nigra under greenhouse, and in vitro culture conditions. The plants were treated with different concentrations of NaCl (25, 50, 75, 100 mM) and fresh and dry weight of leaf and stem were measured as well as morphological characteristics of the plant. Plant growth was reduced with the increased salinity concentrations. The results showed that all growth-related traits and SPAD were decreased both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, increased salt concentration affected the cell membrane integrity. Total phenolics content of plants growing in the greenhouse, increased by 21% at 50 mM NaCl, but at higher stress levels (100 mM NaCl), the amounts were decreased significantly. Total flavonoids contents followed similar patterns, with a slight difference. In addition, the maximum and minimum total phenolics contents of plants growing under in vitro condition were observed at 50 mM NaCl and control treatments, respectively. Increasing the salt concentration significantly affected the total flavonoids content, and as a result, the highest amount was observed in 50 and 75 mM NaCl treatments. Antioxidant activity was also measured. Among the NaCl treatments, the highest DPPH scavenging activities (IC50) under greenhouse and in vitro conditions were detected at 50 mM and 25 mM concentrations, respectively. In general, based on the results, with increasing the salinity level to 75 mM, the activities of CAT and APX were significantly upregulated in both greenhouse and in vitro culture conditions. A correlation between total phenolics and flavonoids contents as well as antioxidant activity were obtained. With shifting salinity stress, the type and the amount of the identified essential oil compounds changed. Compounds such as styrene, tridecanol, germacrene-D, beta-Ionone, beta-bisabolene, and caryophyllene oxide increased compared to the controlled treatment.

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Studies on the Pholyphenolics Compounds Extraction from Vaccinium Fruits

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.08.5.1815 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 59 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Mariana Pop ◽

Alfa Xenia Lupea ◽

Violeta Turcus

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Gallic Acid ◽

Aluminum Chloride ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Colorimetric Assay ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Bioactive Properties ◽

Wide Range ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Bilberries are known for their bioactive properties such as antioxidant activity. They contain a wide range of flavonoids and phenolic acids that show antioxidant activity. In the present work, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, correlated with antioxidant activity of Vaccinium extracts were determined. The content of total phenolics in the extracts was determined spectrometrically according to the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure and calculated as gallic acid equivalents (GAE). The content of total flavonoids was measured also spectrophotometrically by using the aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. Effects of ethanol and methanol concentrations of the solutions on the contents of flavonoids and phenolic in extracts were investigated.

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Extraction yield, antioxidant activity andphenolics from grape, mango and peanut agro-industrial by-products

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20150531 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (8) ◽

pp. 1498-1504 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Gilberto Costa Braga ◽

Priscilla Siqueira Melo ◽

Keityane Boone Bergamaschi ◽

Ana Paula Tiveron ◽

Adna Prado Massarioli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Extraction Yield ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Dry Extract ◽

Grape Marc ◽

Peanut Skin ◽

Scavenging Capacity ◽

By Products

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to determine and correlate the extraction yields, antioxidant activity, total phenolics and total flavonoids from grape, mango and peanut agro-industrial by-products. The β-carotene/linoleic acid autoxidation system and scavenging capacity for DPPH and ABTS free radicals assays were used. The results were expressed in terms of lyophilized sample or dry extract. Mango bagasse exhibited the highest extraction yield (37.07%) followed by peanut skin (15.17%) and grape marc (7.92%). In terms of lyophilized sample, total phenolics did not vary significantly among the residues evaluated (average of 60.33mg EAG g-1); however, when they were expressed as dry extract grape marc exhibited the highest total phenolic (768.56±116.35mg GAE g-1), followed by peanut skin (404.40±13.22mg GAE g-1) and mango bagasse (160.25±4.52mg GAE g-1), Peanut skin exhibited the highest content of total flavonoids (2.44mg QE g-1), while grape marc (1.76mg QE g-1) and mango bagasse (1.70 mg QE g-1) showed no significant differences. The extraction yield showed strong negative linear correlation with total phenolic and total flavonoid. This study showed that peanut skin was the sample with the highest antioxidant activity and it was strongly influenced by total flavonoids. All extracts of byproducts showed antioxidant activity comparable to α-tocopherol, and they can be a source of natural compounds with potential to replace synthetic antioxidants such as BHT.

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Changes of quality traits and phytochemical components of jujube fruit treated with preharvest GA3 and Parka during cold storage

Turkish Journal of Food and Agriculture Sciences ◽

10.14744/turkjfas.2020.007 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 30-37

Author(s):

Orhan Karakaya

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Fruit Firmness ◽

Quality Properties ◽

Weight Losses ◽

Jujube Fruit

The study aimed to assess the effects of pre-harvest gibberellic acid (GA3) and Parka applications on fruit quality and bioactive components of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. ‘Li’) fruit during the storage. Fruit were kept at 0±0.5 °C and 90±5% RH for 45 days. Parka and GA3 applications delayed weight losses and respiration rate in the cold storage. While the effect of the Parka application on the decrease in fruit firmness values depending on the storage time was not significant, it can be said that GA3 application was effective in maintaining the fruit firmness in the cold storage. The increase in soluble solids content (SSC) during cold storage was less with GA3 application. The decrease in titratable acidity with ripening in the cold storage was similar in the Parka and control applications. It can be said that GA3 application was effective in maintaining the titratable acidity during storage and this effect increased with the combination of Parka+GA3. The highest vitamin C at the end of the storage was recorded in fruit treated with Parka. Total phenolics, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity decreased in all applications during the storage. GA3 and Parka applications retarded the losses in total phenolics, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity in the storage. As a result, it can be said that the pre-harvest GA3 and Parka applications give positive results in maintaining the quality properties of jujube fruit in the cold storage.

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Antioxidant activity of carob seeds and chemical composition of their bean gum by– products

Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine ◽

10.1515/jcim-2017-0158 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aida Mekhoukhe ◽

Houda Kicher ◽

Adidi Ladjouzi ◽

Lamia Medouni-Haroune ◽

Fatiha Brahmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Condensed Tannins ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Edible Fruit ◽

Locust Bean ◽

By Products

Abstract Background The carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is very old edible fruit, flavorful and often used in foods and beverages. In this present study the composition of phenolic compounds, the antioxidant activity and the production locust bean gum (LBG) of seeds grown in Algeria was explored. Methods The phenolic contents (total phenolics, total tannins, total flavonoids, condensed tannins and flavonols) and the antioxidant activity of the aqueous methanolic, ethanolic and acetonic extracts (70, 80 and 80v/v, respectively) of the seeds were determined using colorimetric methods. Furthermore, the carob bean gum from seeds was extracted and its chemical composition was evaluated. Results Aqueous acetonicextract of carob seeds give the highest contents of total phenolics, total flavonoids, flavonols, total tannins and condensed tannins which were 12.24±0.02, 1.33±0.01, 2.97±0.01, 4.29±0.2 and 0.53±0.01 mg/g of dry weight, respectively. The same extract showed also the best antioxidant activity in all assays compared to other extracts.

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