The Discovery of Diamonds in Siberia and Other Northern Regions: Explorational, Historical, and Personal Notes

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří (George) Strnad
Keyword(s):  
White Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Short List ◽  
Ural Mountains ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Somerset Island ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

Only four known diamond locations are near and north of the Arctic Circle. What is believed to be the oldest diamond find in this region was made in the gravels of the Pasvik River on the U.S.S.R.-Finland-Norway border. This was followed by the discovery of the northern fields of the Yakutian diamondiferous province in the U.S.S.R. Somerset Island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and southwestern Greenland conclude this short list. Geographically close to the Arctic but south of the Arctic Circle are the diamond locations on the shore of the Beloye More or White Sea and in the Timan Range (U.S.S.R.), western and eastern Alaska (U.S.A.), and in the Mackenzie Mountains (Canada). Farther south and partly in the Subarctic are locations in the Ural Mountains and Yakutia (U.S.S.R.), as well as in Labrador and Saskatchewan (Canada). While the discoveries in Canada and Greenland belong to our times, the history of the others is hidden in ancient records. For the Yakutian fields, which are of major economic importance and among the world leaders in the production of gem quality diamonds, an ancient reference dating back to 1375 is presented here for the first time.

The spider fauna of Shetland and its zoogeographic context

1979 ◽  
Vol 78 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-122
Author(s):  
N. Philip Ashmole
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dunes ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
New Information ◽  
Spider Community ◽  
Arctic Conditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Last Glacial

SynopsisThe spider fauna of Shetland is described on the basis of collections made in 1974–75 and earlier published and unpublished data. The number of species recorded is increased from 35 to 90. Work on Ronas Hill and elsewhere has shown that Shetland has a substantial array of montane spiders, many of them occurring at much lower elevations than is normal in mainland Britain: a height of 400 m on Shetland is roughly equivalent—in terms of the spider community—to one of 900 m in the Cairngorms. Shetland appears to lack, however, a number of the arctic-alpine species present at high levels in mainland Scotland and the Faroes. The spider fauna of moorland in Shetland is shown to have closely similar composition to that of a moorland area in the Pennines, although the latter has more species. Other habitats discussed include sand dunes in South Mainland and serpentine heaths in Unst.The new information permits for the first time assessment of the spider fauna of Shetland in its zoogeographic context. Almost all of the species found in Shetland, the Faroes and Iceland are present in both Scotland and Fennoscandia; however, only two-thirds of the Faroes species and less than half of the Iceland species are also found in Shetland.Consideration of the Pleistocene history of the area permits analysis of the origins of the faunas. Some species adapted to arctic conditions may have survived through the last glacial episode in Iceland, where there were ice-free areas, but such survival is most unlikely for the Faroes and Shetland: for Orkney the picture is unclear. There was no subsequent overland immigration to Iceland or the Faroes and little or none to Shetland, but Orkney may have received rather more of its species in this way. The rapid postglacial rise in sea level ensured that the bulk of the species in all these faunas had to colonise over water. Some species were transported by man and a few may have travelled on natural rafts, but the majority seem to have immigrated by ballooning.Orkney probably received all its colonists from mainland Scotland and Shetland could also have done so. Immigration from Fennoscandia, however, was undoubtedly important in the case of Iceland, significant in the Faroes and possibly also contributed to the Shetland fauna. Only Iceland can be shown to have received species from Greenland.In an Appendix the spider species recorded from Orkney, Shetland, the Faroes and Iceland are tabulated and the occurrence of these species on the Scottish mainland and in Fennoscandia and Greenland is indicated.

A Well-Ordered Thing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Gordin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Periodic Table ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Classic Work ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Dmitrii Mendeleev (1834–1907) is a name we recognize, but perhaps only as the creator of the periodic table of elements. Generally, little else has been known about him. This book is an authoritative biography of Mendeleev that draws a multifaceted portrait of his life for the first time. As the book reveals, Mendeleev was not only a luminary in the history of science, he was also an astonishingly wide-ranging political and cultural figure. From his attack on Spiritualism to his failed voyage to the Arctic and his near-mythical hot-air balloon trip, this is the story of an extraordinary maverick. The ideals that shaped his work outside science also led Mendeleev to order the elements and, eventually, to engineer one of the most fascinating scientific developments of the nineteenth century. This book is a classic work that tells the story of one of the world's most important minds.

The wartime narrative in US sociology, 1940–1947

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Warfield Rawls
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Action ◽  
World War ◽  
Disciplinary History ◽  
Scientific Status ◽  
War Effort ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

This is an article about the history of US sociology with systematic intent. It goes back to World War II to recover a wartime narrative context through which sociologists formulated a ‘trauma’ to the discipline and ‘blamed’ qualitative and values-oriented research for damaging the scientific status of sociology. This narrative documents a discussion of the changes that sociologists said needed to be made in sociology as a science to repair its status and reputation. While debates among sociologists about theory and method had always been contentious, the wartime narrative insisted for the first time that sociology be immediately unified around quantitative approaches. The narrative of ‘good’ and ‘bad’ science that developed during the war not only undermined the efforts of social interactionists to theorize social action and social justice, but also derailed Parsons’ pre-war effort to bridge differences. The moral coding that is the legacy of the narrative stigmatized important approaches to sociology, leading to a ‘crisis’ in the 1960s that still haunts the discipline. Disciplinary history has overlooked the wartime narrative with the result that the role played by World War II in effecting this crisis has gone unrecognized.

scholarly journals A Medieval Repoussage Item from Pankrushikhinskiy District (Altai Krai)

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
A. A. Kazakov ◽  
S. M. Sitnikov
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Content ◽  
Structure Characteristic ◽  
The People ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Guardian ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Village ◽  
Made In

The paper describes a bronze plaque, made in Perm animal style by method of one-side casting. It depicts a rampant winged bear with its paws on the shoulders of a standing man. Being an accidental finding, the plaque comes from the northern regions of the Altai Territory (the village of Vysokaya Griva, Pankrushikhinskiy District). The paper features its composition and plot, which has a complex semantic content. Following other researchers, the authors consider such products a metal reflection of the three-part world structure, characteristic for the peoples at a certain level of social development, and a myth about the origin of the people. A comparative analysis with both neighboring and quite remote areas made it possible to assume that there were different totem animals, ancestors of the major ethnic groups of different Finno-Ugrian peoples. Thus, a bird of prey was the most typical totem animal for the western territories representing a Finnish-speaking population that lived in the European part of Russia. The bird was both the  ancestor and the guardian spirit of the ethnic group. A bear was the totem for the eastern territories of the Finno-Ugrian peoples living in Siberia, in the Asian Russia, that represented the Ugrian-Samoyedic population. It is evidenced by the absence of bears on the plaques with encoded myths about the origin of the kindred in Western European regions, and on the contrary, a practically complete absence of birds on similar plaques in the Asian regions. The finding is published for the first time. 

scholarly journals Pioneers and champions for the little hearts: A history of pediatric cardiology in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Poonam Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Pediatric Cardiology ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cardiac Surgeons ◽  
First Time ◽  
Robert Gross ◽  
Made In

Heart disease in a child requires complex set of expertise as physiology and challenges presented in pediatric cardiology are much different from adult cardiology. In preclinical era of renaissance, children and adults were examined by the same physician. At the outset of 20th century, the need for a special center for children with heart disease was identified as several authors began to add specific sections devoted to congenital heart disease in books of anatomy and pediatrics. A major milestone was reached when Helen Taussig, in charge of cardiac clinic in Harriet Lane Hospital, Baltimore, USA, established pediatric cardiology center for the first time. Pediatric cardiology gained further prominence in 1938 when Robert Gross successfully ligated the patent ductus arteriosus in a seven year old girl. The first successful creation of systemic to pulmonary shunt by Blalock and Taussig in 1944 boldly introduced surgical interventions. The field of pediatric cardiology has been making remarkable developments, with dramatic improvements in diagnostic tools, and with cardiac surgeons constantly pushing the envelope, culminating in being first subspecialty board of pediatrics in USA in 1961. These developments have changed the outlook of cardiac diseases in children and instilled hope for cure in previously untreatable disorders. Interestingly, advances made in pediatric cardiology have provided

Charming but Villain

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
Lale Kabadayı
Keyword(s):  
Black And White ◽  
White Film ◽  
Turkish Cinema ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

In the history of cinema, bad girl/boy characters are less common than other villain characters. However, these characters have a lot of influence on the audience. The Bad Seed movies, which are important book adaptations, are remarkable for the evil done by a charming, pretty little girl. The audience watched the story of this eight-year-old-girl for the first time with the adaptation made in 1956. The book was adapted as a television movie in the US both in 1985 and 2018. However, it was made in Turkey, too. This adaptation was shot in 1963 by director Nevzat Pesen. This black-and-white film is considered one of the best thriller-horror films of Turkish Cinema. In this study, the relationship of the little girl with evil will be examined in terms of differences in US and Turkish adaptations. Thus, the difference between the two cultures regarding the relationship between child and villainy will be evaluated from the point of cinema.

Reflections of faraway places: the Chalcolithic personal ornaments of Canhasan I

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Emma L. Baysal
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Central Turkey ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

AbstractExcavations during the 1960s of the site of Canhasan I in Karaman province in central Turkey revealed that the Chalcolithic ornaments of the region were both complex and varied. The ornaments of the site, consisting of beads (including pendants and plaques), bracelets and plugs or labrets, were made in many forms and from a variety of different materials, and thus hint at a connected world where ideas, resources and products moved from one place to another. While a catalogue of some of the artefacts has been produced previously (French 2010), this article details these ornaments and considers their temporal and geographical positions within the history of beads, bracelets and other decorative items for the first time. It explores legacies from the past, new fashions and the complicated relationships between material sources, technology, forms, style and use during a period and in an artefact category that have often been overlooked.

scholarly journals Analysis of Oribatid Fauna of the East European Tundra with First Reported Data of Subpolar Urals

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Elena N. Melekhina
Keyword(s):  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
East European ◽  
Subpolar Urals ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

This study presents data on the oribatid mite fauna of the Subpolar Urals for the first time. Observations were made in the Lembekoyu River valley and 35 species of oribatid mites from 24 genera and 21 families were found. The analysis of taxonomic diversity and distribution of East European tundra oribatid mite species is presented based on available literature and the author’s own research findings. The taxonomic list includes 163 species from 81 genera and 45 families. Ceratozetidae (15 species), Crotoniidae (14 species), Oppiidae (12 species), Suctobelbidae (12 species), Damaeidae (9 species), Brachychthoniidae (8 species), Phthiracaridae (5 species), Humerobatidae (5 species), Achipteriidae (5 species), Punctoribatidae (5 species), and Galumnidae (5 species) are the leading families, comprising more than 58% of all species. The zoogeographical structure of the fauna is dominated by widely distributed Holarctic, cosmopolitan, and semi-cosmopolitan species. The share of Palaearctic species is 23%. The specificity of the fauna of East European tundra manifests itself in the small group of Arctic species, both in the mainland tundra and on the Arctic islands. A complex of arctic-boreal species, widely distributed in the Eurasian sector of the Arctic, is distinguished.

scholarly journals Lebetus scorpioides and Buenia jeffreysii (Teleostei: Gobiidae) found north of the Arctic Circle

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingvar Byrkjedal ◽  
Rupert Wienerroither ◽  
Gjertrud Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
Northern Norway ◽  
Lofoten Islands ◽  
Resident Populations ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Being

<p>Two gobiid species, Lebetus scorpioides and Buenia jeffreysii, were recorded in northern Norway, for the first time north of the Arctic Circle. While both species were found on the continental shelf west of the Lofoten islands, one of them, L. scorpioides, was found north of 70°N off western Finnmark. The records represent a considerable northward extension of the distribution of these species. Being well within the size of reproductive individuals, the specimens appear to belong to resident populations most probably missed by earlier samplings.</p>

scholarly journals Microstructure and phase composition of bronze Montefortino helmets discovered Mediterranean seabed to explain an unusual corrosion

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Armetta ◽  
Maria Luisa Saladino ◽  
Antonella Scherillo ◽  
Eugenio Caponetti
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Total Oxidation ◽  
Microstructural Investigation ◽  
Original Shape ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

AbstractTwo Monterfortino helmets, recovered in the Mediterranean seabed, show unusual features with respect to the more common helmets of the same period and found in underwater environments. Hence, they were investigated by a multi-analytical approach, which allowed us to identify the compounds constituting the helmets and to make some considerations about their metallurgy, although all the metal was converted to degradation products. The helmets, originally made in bronze, have maintained their original shape because of copper sulphides formation. The observed differences in composition between the two helmets were attributed to the position modification, of one of them, into the seabed along centuries. For the first time, a microstructural investigation permits to reconstruct the history of the aging processes involved in the total oxidation of roman bronze helmet metal.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document