scholarly journals Gastronomic Humor in Medieval European Literature: Topoi and Historiography

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Svitlana Bohdanets
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Urban Literature ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Common Food ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Literary Origins

The article looks at topoi in gastronomic images of European medieval humoristic texts and seeks to examine the connection between food and comic discourses. The author shall also highlight how these images were evaluated and interpreted by scholars of a different methodological background. The attention is paid to motives in gastronomic humour and comic plots related to food, which were widely spread in Western culture. Gastronomic humour is displayed through examples that are to be found in such medieval literary genres as farce, fabliau, Schwank etc. The study aims to propose a common food comic code, explain the principles of its implementation in the text and show its typical constituent elements. The essay starts with an examination of anthropological and social factors that might have shaped and symbolically and functionally determined gastronomic humour. It is assumed that mouth has a significant role in the processes of organization of nutrition and laughter on the bodily level. Then the author overviews in detail the literary origins of gastronomic jokes tracing their formation from the antique comedy. The development and establishment of food comedy are shown through examples from medieval urban literature. Attention is also drawn to the context in which the text functions, in other words, the specifics of its implementation in time and space. It is revealed that nutrition often appears as a background for comic plots, and culinary spaces are typical locations in humoristic stories. According to their professional activity comedy characters are also closely related to food. It is noticed that the food itself becomes a subject of conflict in a comic situation. Main characters actions are concentrated around the food, drinks or dishes. Another aspect of gastronomic humour involves a situation where eating resembles defecation. A typical comic tool on its own is the analogy between having a meal and sex. The paper also describes the features of food that often appear in humoristic texts and therefore has a higher level of comic value.

scholarly journals The influence of social factors on the development of the motivational sphere of student youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 168-180
Author(s):  
Lada Yakovytska
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Productive Activity ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Motivational Structure ◽  
Motivational Profile ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to the analysis and empirical study of the most promising developmental tasks of the modern educational environment for the development of new approaches to the organization and psychological support of the development of a person's productive activity. These tasks clearly demonstrate the relationship between the motivational sphere of the individual and the social environment, the effectiveness of the influence of social factors on the development of the individual, the importance of studying their hierarchization according to the degree of influence. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the study of the possibility of a targeted impact through social factors, norms, requirements on the motivational-need sphere of a developing personality will allow to determine to a large extent, the direction of its development. Our research is based on the assumption that the analysis of the motivational profile will allow us to understand how student youth comes to the realization of the need to coordinate the goals, requirements, wishes of the external environment with their own motivation. The aim of the study was to study the influence of the individual's objective attitudes on the structure of professional activity motives. To solve the set tasks, the following methods were used: the motivational profile of S. Ritchie and P. Martin, the test "20 statements". The results obtained by the method of S. Ritchie and P. Martin confirmed our hypothetical assumption, the respondents predominantly chose the objective components of the motivational structure, which were substantively related to the social expectations of the subjects (from society to themselves). The results obtained confirmed the prospects of studying the influence of social factors on the development of the motivational-need-related sphere of the individual. The analysis of social factors makes it possible to study and model the conditions that contribute to the rethinking of the actual situation by the individual and the creation of new meanings of activity that provide for a wider non-utilitarian social context that goes beyond the current situation.

scholarly journals Kontemplacja. Hermeneutyczny kontekst genologii

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Łukaszuk
Keyword(s):  
Time And Space ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Hierarchical Features

The paper presents the importance of the category of contemplation applied by Marian Maciejewski in his work: mickiewiczowskie «czucia wieczności». (czas i przestrzeń w liryce lozańskiej) [Mickiewicz’s “Premonitions of Eternity”. Time and Space in the Losanne lyrics]. This category has turned out to be important from the perspective of the axiological dimension of literary genres. Moreover, as seen also in earlier works of Maciejewski, it is the category different from the aesthetic ones. Maciejewski assesses that contemplation is a pre-textual category and has hierarchical features in hermeneutics.

FORMING VALUABLE ORIENTATIONS OF FUTURE EDUCATOR BY MEANS OF THE POETIC WORD

2018 ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
Olha Padalka
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Future Teacher ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The Future

The article deals with the problem of professional training of future specialists of preschool education to professional activity, features of the value aspect in the process of professional training of the future teacher of preschool educational institution are highlighted, peculiarities of using poetic word as a means of formation of value orientations of future educators in the process of their vocational and pedagogical preparation are substantiated. The content of concepts "value orientations", "poetic word" is revealed. It is proved that despite modern advances in the field of science, technology and the realm of culture, along with innovations, in the arsenal of educational means a significant role belongs to the poetic word.

scholarly journals ДРАМАТУРГІЧНА КОНЦЕПЦІЯ Е. ҐОФФМАНА ЯК МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНЕ ПІДҐРУНТЯ ДЛЯ АНАЛІЗУ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПЕРЕКЛАДАЧА

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (8(38)) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
В. В. Бурега ◽  
А. Ю. Даніленко
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Scientific Paradigm ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Precise Understanding ◽  
Global World ◽  
Different Levels

The objective of this review is to provide comprehensive, exhaustive and up- to-date information on the image and the distinctive features of the profession of a translator and its peculiarities due to the position of translators in society and their role as mediators between cultures. The number of intercultural contacts and the need for a precise understanding of the content of communication in today's global world is constantly increasing and under these conditions the importance of the professional activity of translators is significantly increasing. The article attempts to analyze the Erving Goffman's dramaturgical approach as a scientific paradigm for the analysis of professional translation. The article also discusses the notion of stigma and stigmatization as a communication mechanism. On the basis of the obtained data, it is possible to conclude that the negative attitude to a particular profession, the formation of a certain image of it which is associated with stereotypical perception, the isolation of social factors that contribute to the stigmatization of employment at different levels of communication today is of considerable research interest.

scholarly journals La importancia del guiñol dentro del mundo lorquiano

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Eszter Katona
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Federico Garcia Lorca ◽  
Foster Child ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
La Nina ◽  
Rafael Alberti ◽  
Puppet Theatre ◽  
Artistic Career ◽  
Life Work

Federico García Lorca was a versatile artist, known as a musiáan, poet, dramatist, essaywriter, and the director and actor of the Barraca Troupe, to mention only some important moments of his short but outstanding artistic career. Since his poems and dramas are well known amongst the Hungarian audience, instead of repeating clichés, this study selected a segment of Lorca's life work that is still considered a foster child among literary genres. This genre is the puppet-theatre, which always played a significant role in Lorca's life. The roots of this enthusiasm must be sought in his childhood, while as an adult ljorca consciously tried to search and pass on his knowledge of the tradition ofpuppet-shows and also lullabies. With the revival of such folk-rooted, andent cultural treasures, the Andalusian artist wanted to guide his audience back to childhood innocence untouched by riviligation. Avant-garde movements from the beginning of the century were also familiar with the genre of puppet-theatre. Several Spanish litterateurs (Jarinto Benavente, Valle In clan, Rafael Alberti, Jacinto Grau) wrote plays especially for puppets, mostly —and surprisingly differing from our contemporary perception of puppet shows— for adult audiences. Lorca's life work includes four surviving works written for puppet-theatre (Cristobícal, Ta tragicomedia de Don Cristóbal y la seña Rosita, La niña que riega la albahacay el príncipe preguntón, Retablillo de Don Cristóbal), this study willfocus on presenting these plays.

Intertextuality and intermediality of modern drama-parable (based on play “The academy of laugh” by Koki Mitany)

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Iryna Mozharivska
Keyword(s):  
William Shakespeare ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Modern Drama ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Romeo And Juliet ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
Intercultural Interaction

The article deals with the problem of finding the manifestations of intertextual reminisces in theEnglish drama of the Renaissance in the context of contemporary drama-parable consideration. In the process of analysing the play, the author draws attention to the context of intermedial connections of literature with theatrical art, considers the implementation of the principle of “game in play”, traces the manifistations of intercultural interaction between Eastern and Western culture. The events in the drama take place against a backdrop of complex historical events — The Japan-China War. The work contains references to the intertextual elements of the dramatic works of the English playwright William Shakespeare (the tragedies “Romeo and Juliet”, “Hamlet” and “Magbeth”. The comic interpretation of the play is a juxtaposition of cultures and literary genres. The author applies the concept «the theatre in the theatre», structures the work minimally through dialogue between the author and the censor. Intermediality acts as a system of interaction of one kind of art in the works of another and reveals mechanisms of mutual influence of kinds of art in the artistic culture of this or that historical period.

Jerusalem

On Purpose ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 23-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ruse
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Roman Province ◽  
Back To Africa

This chapter focuses on Augustine, whose influence on Western Christianity cannot be overemphasized, was born in a Roman province in North Africa of a Christian mother and a pagan father. Raised a Christian, he dropped out, acquired a mistress with whom he lived for thirteen years and by whom he had a son who died in adolescence, went to Italy as a professor of rhetoric, fell among the Manicheans, sloughed off his first mistress and had another for two years. Finally, Augustine went back to Africa, particularly at the urging of his very persistent mother, became again a Christian and was baptized by Saint Ambrose, bishop of Milan, in 386. About ten years after returning to Christianity, Augustine wrote his autobiography, the Confessions, perhaps the greatest spiritual story of personal growth of Western culture. His God is emphatically the God of Plato, the God of The Republic, where the form of the good is a necessarily existing eternal force or entity, outside time and space, truly good and beautiful, the font of all other beings, from which everything stems and to which everything relates as the cause of existence.

The Reception of Heracles

2021 ◽  
pp. 539-556
Author(s):  
Emma Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Performing Arts ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Wide Range

This chapter briefly outlines the reception of Heracles in Western culture from the end of antiquity until the present day, giving examples of the hero’s many appearances in a wide variety of literary genres, all kinds of visual media, and the performing arts, from the theater to the silver screen. It traces the ways in which particular elements of Heracles’ story and aspects of his character—from the monster-slayer to the comic hero to the incarnation of virtue—have been foregrounded at different periods and in different contexts for ethical, educational, or political ends, or simply for the entertainment of a wide range of audiences, both elite and popular, young and old.

scholarly journals In-class social networks and academic performance: how good connections can improve grades

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Gomes Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Academic Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Understanding how different variables affect student performance is an important requirement for improving educational practices. Since humans are highly social beings, social factors should play a significant role in the academic context. This paper analyzes the impact on academic performance of social indicators such as students friendship circle and in-class clustering. The analysis is based on data from six different classes of the topic Databases taken by students of computing-related majors. We assessed students’ friendship circle in terms of density (sociability) and also quality (grades) of their friends. The paper shows results with strong, statistically relevant relationships between the social factors and student performance. Among other results, the analysis indicates that (i) students with higher social capital tend to perform better, and (ii) students with friends with higher grades have better chances of recovering from a low exam grade.

scholarly journals Uni ja unenäod udmurdi kultuuris

Mäetagused ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 155-184
Author(s):  
Nikolai Anisimov ◽  
◽  
Eva Toulouze ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Real World ◽  
Sacred Space ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
The Real ◽  
The World ◽  
The Dead ◽  
To Come

In Udmurt culture sleep (iz’on, kölon, um) as well as dreams (vöt, uyvöt) have occupied a significant place. According to ordinary understandings, dreams are not subjected to this world’s rules of time and space: in a dream, places and spaces may suddenly change, and time moves quickly, or it does not move at all; it has stopped. Sleep and dreams are not thoroughly explained phenomena, and as such, they play a significant role in the communication between the world of the living and the world of the deities (spirits). Their importance is confirmed by the rules one has to follow when going to bed. The dream becomes a sacred space, in which it is possible to acquire sacred knowledge and skills. The narratives we are acquainted with tell us that during sleep one of the person’s souls, called urt, can fly away. Probably this is the reason why it is forbidden to suddenly awake a person sleeping: they may not wake up at all or may even lose their reason. Earlier the Udmurt even organised special rituals to catch the second soul. In the Udmurt culture, sleep and dreams constitute a non-real space, in which the living and the dead are able to meet and communicate. The initiators of the dreams can be both the living and the dead, in different situations. Through dreams, the dead are able to transmit to the living their wishes, their knowledge about events or accidents to come; they may complain about certain circumstances, etc. Today, the Udmurt are attentive to all dreams; they see in them signs connected to the real world and given from above, and they must be considered in order not to disturb the balance between the worlds.

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