scholarly journals THE INNOVATIONS’ MONITORING IN THE DEVELOPED ECONOMIES: THE SYSTEMS OF INDICATORS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-209
Author(s):  
N. M. Abdikeev ◽  
E. L. Moreva
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Systems Of Innovation ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Effective Administration ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Political Economic

Relevance. Further to the postindustrial transition and the Forth Industrial revolution challenges operating nowadays in the world the Russian federation leaders task the nation to provide intensive innovation development of the economy and society with the effective administration of the process. The fulfillment requires toapply to such a praxis in the developed economies with the advanced manufacturing. Research object. The paper provides the analysis of the innovative activity indicators systems of the three developed economies leading in the world for a long time in manufacturing as well as in the novelties production and commercialization spheres, i.e. USA, Japan and Germany. Herewith the main principles of the systems’ formulation, bases to select their particular indicators has been determined, the element composition analyzed and their structures compared. Methods. To solve the task various research instruments have been applied: the system analysis, the content analysis, the comparative one and others. The institutional and evolutional theories and the modern political-economic approaches constituted the methodological basis of the research. Results. The operation of the research facilitated the determination of the perspective approaches to form the systems of innovation activity indicators there to be applied and?\?or adapted in Russia and the recommendation to make use of these. The comparative analysis realized manifested different variants of the system’ structures with such bases and facilitated the elaboration their typology further to the modes of the indicators’ grouping, their factors of influence and the presence?\?absence of the synthesizing indicator. The conclusions served for the recommendations to use some principles and methods of the foreign systems of innovation activity indicators’ constitution. Prospects. The immediate perspective of the research realized if the practical application of the deductions made, the theoretical conceptualization of the results obtained and the determination of the opportunities the systems to refine further on.

Why England and not China and India? Water systems and the history of the Industrial Revolution

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terje Tvedt
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Investment Capital ◽  
System Factor ◽  
Historical Accounts

AbstractGlobal history has centred for a long time on the comparative economic successes and failures of different parts of the world, most often European versus Asian regions. There is general agreement that the balance changed definitively in the latter part of the eighteenth century, when in continental Europe and England a transformation began that revolutionized the power relations of the world and brought an end to the dominance of agrarian civilization. However, there is still widespread debate over why Europe and England industrialized first, rather than Asia. This article will propose an explanation that will shed new light on Europe’s and England’s triumph, by showing that the ‘water system’ factor is a crucial piece missing in existing historical accounts of the Industrial Revolution. It is argued that this great transformation was not only about modernizing elites, investment capital, technological innovation, and unequal trade relations, but that a balanced, inclusive explanation also needs to consider similarities and differences in how countries and regions related to their particular water systems, and in how they could exploit them for transport and the production of power for machines.

COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 454-475
Author(s):  
Kabiru Ishola Genty ◽  
Foluso I. Jayeoba ◽  
Mike O. Aremo ◽  
Tinuke M. Fapohunda ◽  
Rafiu A. Bankole
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time

The onset, spread, control measures, and the behaviour of society, government, and businesses have far reaching implications—social, economic, and legal—for the immediate and future of employment relations and human resource management in Nigerian organisations. This chapter, drawing from available COVID-19 literature, ILO, and WHO protocols, examined various concerns and challenges posed by ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the regimes of measures which are modeled after developed economies of the world but are at best ad-hoc, panicky, ill-digested and their operations execution not based on empirical/objective assessment. COVID-19 has evidently brought job losses and unprecedented changes in work modes and some of the lessons and fallouts may live with us for a long time. Post-COVID-19 economic recovery though expected to be slow will leave the workplace and society with routines and rituals, lessons to learn and corrections to be made, not to avert future pandemics but to manage it in more precise manner with less panic and greater forthrightness.

Impact of Blockchain on E-Commerce

2021 ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Palvinder Kaur ◽  
Manminder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Current Disruption ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Short Run

The current disruption has created many challenges for all businesses in the short run, but it has created many opportunities in the long time. By helping in crisis and recovery, blockchain can play a prominent role in accelerating post-crisis digital transformation initiatives. Trade has become more efficient, more inclusive, and less costly through blockchain. These innovative technologies in the fourth industrial revolution are transforming the world by making the processes more inclusive and efficient.

Rozwój cywilizacji kapitalistycznej w perspektywie teorii systemu-świata

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (15) ◽  
pp. 66-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Pawłuszko
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
World System ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
International Division ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Economic

Article explores the issue of genesis and development of the „world-system analysis” and focuses on its approach to the proces of globalization. From the point of view of world-system analyses the global economic system has emerged since the sixteenth century. For centuries global economy has been based on the international division of labour. It creates a new kind of „capitalistic civiliation”. This paper aims to discuss the development of theoretical framework of the world-system analysis. Besides, I try to outline contemporary scientific and political-economic challenges for the concept of capitalistic civilization.

scholarly journals SISTEM PENUNJANG KEPUTUSAN PENENTUAN JENIS TANAMAN HIAS DI TAMAN KOTA

JURTEKSI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
Luki Hernando ◽  
Yopy Mardiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Ahp Method ◽  
City Parks ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Determination ◽  
Vehicle Pollution ◽  
The City

Abstract: Currently  in almost every city around the world that loves flowers, including ornamental plants,. All cities are aggressively arranging their landscaping to compensate for motorized vehicle pollution or the arrangement of city parks planted with decorative gardens with the aim of greening the city. Sometimes there are problems in making decisions to determine suitable and good ornamental plants for planting in the city, in a decision that takes a long time. Determination of the types of ornamental plants to be planted through several factors such as leaf shape, color, stems and branches, roots and soil. On these issues, the authors conducted research on the determination of ornamental plants for city parks in the form of a decision support system application using the Analytical Hoerarchy Process (AHP) method. Keywords: analytical hoerarchy process (AHP); decisionnsupporttsystem (SPK),  Abstrak: Saat ini hampirrdi setiap kota di seluruh dunia yang menyukai bunga termasuk tanaman hias, Semua kota gencar menata pertamanannya untuk mengimbangi polusi kendaraan bermotor maupun untuk penataan taman kota yang ditanami tamanan hias bertujuan untuk menghijaukan kota. Terkadang terdapat masalah dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk menentukan tanaman hias yang cocok dan bagus umtuk ditanam pad ataman kota, dalam pengambilan keputusan yang dilakukan terkadang memakan waktu yang cukup lama . Penentuan jenis tanaman hias yang akan ditanam melalui beberapa faktor seperti bentuk daun, warna, batang dan cabang, akar dan Tanah. Atas permasalahan tersebut penulis melakukan penelitian tentang penentuan tanaman hias untuk taman kota yang berupa aplikasi sistem pendukug keputusan yang menggunakan metode Analytical Hoerarchy Process (AHP). Kata kunci: proses analisis hirarkie (AHP); sistem pendukung keputusan (SPK)

scholarly journals How Economies Change? - A Study of Spain and India

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Marin ◽  
P. Pathak ◽  
S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Interesting Aspect ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Game Changer

Comparing economies is a tricky affair because though the parameters are the same yet, the conditionality differ. It is like a comparison of dissimilar attributes. How to juxtapose attributes of one economy vis-à-vis another when the two have entirely different histories, cultures, geographies and other socio political conditions. However, the task before the authors of this paper was to do this very job – comparing economic development of Spain and India with the help of the evolution of industrialization. The present paper is based on the result of research done between July 2015 and January 2016 in the Department of Management Studies, IIT (ISM), Dhanbad, in the context of post doctoral Fellowship from the European Union program Erasmus Mundus AREAS+. The interesting aspect of this study is that despite all constraints Indian economy has grown commendably in comparison to the leading economies of the world, particularly the Western Europe. It may be recalled that the Industrial Revolution that was a game changer for Europe, gave certain inherent advantages to the European countries where it originated. But over the years Indian growth story has been a transformational one, despite a sluggish growth and disadvantaged history of exploitation and subjugation. Moreover, a large and rapidly growing population plagued by illiteracy and poverty has been a further stumbling block. But, the Indian economy has grown despite these difficulties and compares well with many developed economies. The paper details the evolution of Spanish and Indian economies and is based on the research carried out by the main author under the guidance of the two co-authors.

scholarly journals WORLD EXPERIENCE IN FINANCING INNOVATIVE SMALL BUSINESSES

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borys Shuba ◽  
Artur Sotskyi
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Entire Complex

The aim of the article is to study and generalize world experience in financing innovative small businesses to determine the areas of improvement of financing domestic small and medium innovative enterprises within the framework of state innovative policy. The subject of the study is the world experience in financing innovative small businesses. Methodology. The study is based on the comparative analysis of the systems of financing innovative small businesses in Ukraine and foreign countries. The analysis of specificities of financing innovative small businesses in Germany, the United States, the United Kingdom, China, Japan, Spain, Belgium, and in some other countries enables to determine the advantages and disadvantages of different systems of financing innovations in small businesses. Comparative legal study of certain provisions of Ukrainian legislation enables to determine the potentials and application limits of positive foreign experience in the specified sphere. The results of the study revealed that the world economy has accumulated significant experience in the formation and development of a financial support system for innovation, which includes various levers to intensify intellectual creativity. The maximum effect from their use would be ensured by the systematic consideration of all financial instruments, integration with elements of other subsystems of the national innovation system. Practical implications. The experience of developed economies and the analysis of the current state of financing innovation activity in Ukraine suggest that to create a developed layer of industrial and innovative small businesses, which will become the main consumer and producer of innovations, Ukraine should apply the entire complex of organizational, regulatory, financial, and other measures. While the whole complex of issues related to the development of innovation in Ukraine is of great importance, the problem of forming an active demand for innovation should be put into the first place. Relevance/originality. The analysis of the global experience of financing innovative small businesses is the basis for developing the most promising areas for the improvement of domestic legislation in this sphere.

Inter-country inequality as a dynamic process and the problem of post-industrial development

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Grigoryev ◽  
V. A. Pavlyushina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Modern World ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Industrial

The phenomenon of economic growth is studied by economists and statisticians in various aspects for a long time. Economic theory is devoted to assessing factors of growth in the tradition of R. Solow, R. Barrow, W. Easterly and others. During the last quarter of the century, however, the institutionalists, namely D. North, D. Wallis, B. Weingast as well as D. Acemoglu and J. Robinson, have shown the complexity of the problem of development on the part of socioeconomic and political institutions. As a result, solving the problem of how economic growth affects inequality between countries has proved extremely difficult. The modern world is very diverse in terms of development level, and the article offers a new approach to the formation of the idea of stylized facts using cluster analysis. The existing statistics allows to estimate on a unified basis the level of GDP production by 174 countries of the world for 1992—2016. The article presents a structured picture of the world: the distribution of countries in seven clusters, different in levels of development. During the period under review, there was a strong per capita GDP growth in PPP in the middle of the distribution, poverty in various countries declined markedly. At the same time, in 1992—2016, the difference increased not only between rich and poor groups of countries, but also between clusters.

Tingkat Pemahaman Kompetensi Guru Pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Geografi Sebagai Calon Guru Geografi

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-117
Author(s):  
Novia Zalmita ◽  
Muhajirah Muhajirah ◽  
Abdul Wahab Abdi
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
Prospective Teacher ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Geography Education ◽  
Teacher Competence ◽  
Education Department ◽  
Long Time

One that influences human resource indicators is education. The teacher is a profession as a job of academic specialization in a relatively long time in college. Understanding related to teacher competence is very important to have by a prospective teacher because it can affect the quality of performance as a professional teacher. The teacher's competence is known as pedagogic, professional, social and personality competencies. The issue in this study is how the competency of the teacher of the Department of Geography Education FKIP Unsyiah as a prospective teacher of geography? The purpose of this study was to determine the competence of teachers in the Department of Geography Education FKIP Unsyiah as prospective geography teachers. Quantitative description approach is used in this study to find answers to the issue. The population in this study were students of the Department of Geography Education FKIP Unsyiah class of 2015 and 2016 who had been declared to have passed the Micro Teaching and Magang Kependidikan 3 course totaling 50 people. Because the population is small and can be reached, the determination of the sample using total sampling techniques so that the sample in this study is the whole population. Data collection is done by distributing test questions to respondents. The data was analyzed using the descriptive statistics percentage formula. The results of the study indicate that the level of teacher competence of Geography Education Department students as prospective teachers is in the moderate category, namely as many as 22 respondents (44%). A total of 12 respondents (24%) were in the high category, 15 respondents (30%) were in the low category and 1 respondent (2%) were in the very low category.

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