Prânâyâma Can Be Practiced Safely

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Vijai Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hatha Yoga ◽  
Yoga Sutras ◽  
Normal Breathing

Recent reports in the medical literature suggest that some vigorous Yoga breathing practices (prânâyâma) may pose health risks. This article addresses the issue of safety in prânâyâma by reviewing traditional cautions and recommendations from Yoga texts such as the Yoga Sûtras and Hatha Yoga Pradipikâ, and by describing the prerequisites for beginning a prânâyâma practice. Prerequisites include the ability to establish a normal breathing pattern with efficient use of the diaphragm, the ability to consciously control the process of breathing without strain or undue tension, learning basic prânâyâma techniques before advanced techniques, and preparation of the body through Yoga postures. Finally, safety precautions are described for practicing more vigorous prânâyâma techniques

scholarly journals The rise and fall of diseases: reflections on the history of population health in Europe since ca. 1700

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan P. Mackenbach
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Epidemiological Transition ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Human Interventions ◽  
Ultimate Cause ◽  
History Of ◽  
Limited Usefulness

AbstractThis essay explores the amazing phenomenon that in Europe since ca. 1700 most diseases have shown a pattern of 'rise-and-fall'. It argues that the rise of so many diseases indicates that their ultimate cause is not to be sought within the body, but in the interaction between humans and their environment. In their tireless pursuit of a better life, Europeans have constantly engaged in new activities which exposed them to new health risks, at a pace that evolution could not keep up with. Fortunately, most diseases have also declined again, mainly as a result of human interventions, in the form of public health interventions or improvements in medical care. The virtually continuous succession of diseases starting to fall in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries suggests that the concept of an “epidemiological transition” has limited usefulness.

Poisoning the body to nourish the soul: Prioritising health risks and impacts in a Native American community

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie L. Donatuto ◽  
Terre A. Satterfield ◽  
Robin Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
The Body

A NEW METHOD OF RESUSCITATING STILLBORN CHILDREN AS DESCRIBED BY A NEW YORK PHYSICIAN IN 1814

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-150
Author(s):  
T. E. C.
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
American Medical ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Breech Presentation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Warm Bath ◽  
New Method ◽  
Asphyxia Neonatorum ◽  
First Child

The treatment of asphyxia neonatorum was rarely mentioned in American medical literature until the second half of the last century. A few anecdotal papers were published in the early 1800's, including one by Dr. Gilbert Smith, Physician and Surgeon to the New York Almshouse. His "new method" was described as follows1: About three years since I was called upon to attend a lady with her first child; it being a breech presentation, the labor was of course tedious and the head was retained such an unusual length of time after the body was delivered, that, apprehending the most serious consequences, I directed a warm bath to be in readiness, into which the child was placed immediately after delivery. At this time there was no pulsation in the chord [sic], or the smallest sign of life. Its legs and spine were frequently rubbed with stimulating applications, which I was assiduously employed in endeavoring to excite action in the lungs by breathing into them, and pressing out the air alternately. This process was carried out for the unprecedented period of two hours, when my strength failing, I was upon the point of discontinuing any farther effort as useless; when one of the attendants, by whose importunity I was, perhaps, induced to persevere for such a length of time, proposed by taking some brandy and water; after having drank, I resumed my labors, when the idea forcibly struck me that the alcohol might be volatilized by the heat of the mouth and breathed into the lungs.

Effect of body position on spontaneous respiratory rate and tidal volume in patients with obesity, abdominal distension and ascites

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Burns ◽  
MB Egloff ◽  
B Ryan ◽  
R Carpenter ◽  
JE Burns
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
The Body ◽  
Abdominal Distention ◽  
Optimal Position ◽  
Nursing Textbooks ◽  
Spontaneously Breathing

BACKGROUND: Nursing textbooks and tradition suggest that the high-Fowler's position is best to optimize diaphragmatic excursion and effective breathing pattern. The optimal position for intubated patients with obesity, ascites or abdominal distention has yet to be determined but is important because weaning trial outcomes may reflect the effect of position rather than weaning trial tolerance. OBJECTIVE: To determine the body position that optimizes breathing pattern (tidal volume and respiratory rate) in spontaneously breathing, intubated patients with a large abdomen. METHODS: Nineteen intubated patients with abdominal distention, ascites or obesity who were on continuous positive airway pressure or the pressure support ventilation mode were studied in the 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and reverse Trendelenburg's at 45 degrees positions for 5 minutes prior to data collection. RESULTS: The RT at 45 degrees position resulted in a significantly larger tidal volume and lower respiratory rate than the 90 degrees position in intubated, spontaneously breathing patients with a large abdomen. The 45 degrees position resulted in a significantly lower respiratory rate than at 90 degrees; however, no difference in tidal volume was demonstrated. DISCUSSION: A high respiratory rate and low tidal volume potentiates atelectasis and ultimately failure to wean. It is important that the effect of positioning on breathing pattern in intubated patients be determined so that care planning results in optimal outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study have implications for the selection of chair and bed positioning during weaning trials.

scholarly journals Stretching Out Life, Maintaining the Body: Part I - Vayas in Medical Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-65
Author(s):  
Christèle Barois
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Medieval India

The representation of the process of human life is at the heart of questions about longevity, rejuvenation practices and possibly those which aim at immortality. The key term for “age” in medieval India is vayas, which means “vigour”, “youth” or even  “any period of life”, that is to say  exactly the same meaning as ours (duration of life). As a criterion for the examination of the patient, vayas is invariably divided into three periods: childhood, intermediate age and old age, precisely defined in the ayurvedic saṃhitās. It seems that vayas might be a relevant gateway to the cross-disciplinary understandings of age in medieval India, and therefore to the conditions of its (relative) mastery.  

scholarly journals Dietary supplements in fitness centers: body management and health risks

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Camargo Silva ◽  
Maria Isabel Brandão de Souza Mendes ◽  
Sílvia Maria Agatti Lüdorf
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Cultural Logic ◽  
Fitness Centers ◽  
Supplement Use

The purpose of this study was to explore the meanings of supplement use among those who engage in physical activity in fitness centers. A qualitative study was carried out based on 67 questionnaires answered on the internet by practitioners of physical training. There was also an observation of the groups in the Facebook, the dynamic and other aspects such as discussions, messages, profiles and images. It was detected that physical activity practitioners care more about the quantity of substances ingested than any other factor that may lead them to suffer certain health risks. They believe that so-called "excesses" may cause diseases to the internal organs. Although the participants believe that their own consumption of supplements does not compromise their health, a biomedical authority is crucial for them to recognize whether or not they are at risk. The consumption of supplements can vary depending on what is understood to be excessive and which risks may compromise the body. There are many motivations for managing these substances. Health risks should not be analyzed solely from a biomedical perspective, but also addressed by the socio-cultural logic of the perceptions and meanings attributed by the subjects to the body and the management thereof.

Problematising Poisons: Embodied Knowledge and Environmental Health Risks

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Prue Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Body ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Embodied Knowledge ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Environmental Health Risks ◽  
Herbicide Atrazine

Contemporary policy responses to environmental risk increasingly endorse the need for community participation in decision making around these issues. It is suggested that this process requires a greater understanding of the social construction of environmental risk which legitimises the knowledges and experiences of community members. Environmental health risks are most commonly framed within the discourses of science and epidemiology. These scientific knowledges construct particular meanings around the risks associated with environmental issues. The 'objective and value-free' context of mechanisms, such as laboratory tests, defining safety levels and population based statistical data, locates the meanings of risk within a depersonalised and fundamentally disembodied framework. It is argued that this marginalises and disempowers the meanings, values and everyday practices through which people negotiate risks in their lives. Work in progress which examines the ways people construct meanings about the environmental health risks to which they are exposed is discussed using the case of the herbicide atrazine in Tasmania, Australia. The paper draws on data from in-depth interviews with key individuals concerned about the contamination of drinking water by this herbicide. A central theme in this analysis is the concept of embodied knowledge in the construction of meanings. The argument that the body at risk is a key site of contestation in environmental health debates is developed. This conceptualisation increases the space for community engagement and action in public policy outcomes.

The Stability of Veins Under Torsion

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin R. Garcia ◽  
Hai-Chao Han
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
The Stability

Twisted veins are observed throughout the body and are often associated with health risks such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus [1]. Recently, it has been shown that veins will buckle and become tortuous when lumen pressure exceeds a critical value [2]. However, veins also undergo twist deformations in vivo due to body movement, vein grafting, and microanastomosis procedures which may lead to reduced patency, kinking, and thrombus formation [3, 4]. In spite of this, little data is available regarding the stability of veins when subject to twist deformations. Therefore, it is of clinical interest to investigate the mechanical stability of veins under torsion.

scholarly journals An Interdisciplinary Study of Orthodontic, Orthopedic, and Otorhinolaryngological Findings in 12–14-Year-Old Preorthodontic Children

Medicina ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Lopatiene ◽  
Dalia Smailiene ◽  
Monika Sidlauskiene ◽  
Emilis Cekanauskas ◽  
Raimonda Valaikaite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Thoracic Region ◽  
Cephalometric Radiograph ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Blind Manner

Background and Objective. Malocclusion, the body posture, and the breathing pat- tern may correlate, but this issue is still controversial. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the type of malocclusion, the body posture, and the nasopharyngeal obstruction in 12-14-year-old children. Material and Methods. The study group consisted of 76 orthodontic patients (35 boys, 41 girls) aged 12-14 years (mean age, 12.79 years {SD, 0.98J). All the patients were examined by the same orthodontist (study model and cephalometric radiograph analysis), the same orthopedic surgeon (body posture examined from the front, the side, and the back), and the same otorhinolaryngologist (anterior and posterior rhinoscopy and pharyngoscopy) in a blind manner. Results. The prevalence of a poor body posture and a nasopharyngeal pathology was high in the present study. In total, 48.7% of the orthodontic patients had a kyphotic posture and 55.3% a rib hump in the thoracic region. The nasopharyngeal pathology was diagnosed in 78.9% of the patients. The patients with the kyphotic posture had a higher mandibular plane angle (MP-SN) and a lower sagittal position of the mandible SNB angle. A deeper overbite correlated with shoulder and scapular asymmetry. The kyphotic posture was diagnosed in 55.0% of the patients with the naso- pharyngeal pathology. Conclusions. The sagittal body posture was related to the vertical craniofacial parameters and hypertrophy of the tonsils and/or the adenoids. The study showed no relationship between the degree of crowding, the presence of a posterior cross bite, orthopedic parameters, and a breathing pattern.

scholarly journals Pharmacology and effects of cannabis: A brief review

2001 ◽  
Vol 178 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Heather Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Cannabis Consumption ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Endogenous Cannabinoid

BackgroundIncreasing prevalence of recreational cannabis use among the young population has stimulated debate on the possible effects of acute and long-term use.AimsTo highlight recent knowledge of mechanisms of action, effects on psychomotor and cognitive performance, and health risks associated with cannabis consumption.MethodA brief review of recent literature on the prevalence of recreational cannabis use, the potency of modern cannabis preparations and the pharmacological actions of cannabis.ResultsCannabinoids derived from herbal cannabis interact with endogenous cannabinoid systems in the body. Actions on specific brain receptors cause dose-related impairments of psychomotor performance with implications for car and train driving, aeroplane piloting and academic performance. Other constituents of cannabis smoke carry respiratory and cardiovascular health risks similar to those of tobacco smoke.ConclusionsCannabis is not, as widely perceived, a harmless drug but poses risks to the individual and to society.

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