scholarly journals To Leverage the Innovation Capability by Co-creation of Human-Machine

2021 ◽  
pp. 345-360
Author(s):  
Shuxian Chen, Jiaona Xiang, Zongqiang Ren
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Function Mechanism ◽  
Theory To Practice ◽  
Societal Consensus ◽  
Form Theory ◽  
Labor Patterns

Although a societal consensus has been reached about the partnership between human beings and smart machines, limited research has been carried out to consider advances in its combination pattern, function mechanism, and developing creativity. Based on occurred disruptive changes form theory to practice, a new paradigm of co-creation by synergistic human-machine is proposed, which refers to that interaction of human-machine learning in a holistic system increase complementarity of abilities and integration of wisdom to realize an augmented synergy made up of hybrid intelligences. This augmented intelligence can effectively account for shifts in business logic and the productive solutions to the multiple complex problems during smart manufacturing. It has been discovered that the positive consequences of synergistic human-machine co-creation include not only sustainable labor patterns, but the ability to overcome multiple complexities and steadily increase business value. All this is further elaborated in the Baizhentang Foods case. This paper discusses the main prospects of the theoretical developments presented here for future research on organizational behavior and a synergistic human-machine structure.

Smart Manufacturing through TOC based Efficiency Monitoring System (TBEMS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.10) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Balaji V ◽  
P. Venkumar ◽  
Sabitha MS
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Theory Of Constraints ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Productivity Improvement ◽  
Industrial Environment ◽  
Weakest Link ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Purpose Of Business

The very purpose of business is to devise profitability and enhance it in all possible avenues sustainable. In a manufacturing environment, thus, there had been a number of techniques and concepts adapted to improvise the effectiveness thereby profits continuously. Theory of Constraints (TOC) adopts a unique con-cept exploiting the constraint to deliver the customer needs. TOC is built on the premise that the weakest link determines the strength of the whole chain. With the advent of Industry 4.0, the manufacturing systems could be exploited to the next best level, leveraging the interaction of cyber physical systems and human beings over the internet. This paper deals with a novel idea of implementing TOC concept blended with Internet of Things (IoT), thereby, the speed of implementation could be augmented for early results. Evidently, the smartness of Things is    derived based on the possibility of informed and proactive decisions.  Hence all the productivity improvement techniques and concepts could be complemented with such concurrent information and analytics, thereby the learning and decisions are much smarter and proactive. A real time industrial environment has been chosen to experiment this approach and the results are furnished paving way for future research and improvisation globally on the industrial environment and on many other competing productivity concepts  

Safety Strategy in the Smart Manufacturing System: A Human Robot Collaboration Case Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Vincent Wang ◽  
Lihui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Action Strategy ◽  
Human Robot Collaboration ◽  
Safety Strategy

Abstract The next generation of the manufacturing industry calls for new approaches with smarter functionalities and better/safer working environment for human beings. The Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) approach provides a feasible solution combing the flexibility and intelligence of a human, together with the accuracy and strength of an industrial robot. However, in the past years, despite the significant development of different HRC approaches, there is still a lack of clear safety strategy for an HRC system. Thus in this paper, the extensive taxonomy of the human-robot relations are first defined to provide a clear classification in different robotic scenarios. Then a comprehensive action strategy is developed toward different scenarios and human stakeholder’s roles. A dynamic HRC layout approach is also introduced based on the actual speed of human and robot and the distance between them. The feasibility of the proposed approaches in this paper is then evaluated via the implemenntation in an HRC-based assembly cell. The operator’s biometric data is also included in the HRC control loop. It is proven achievable to conduct personalised HRC safety strategy based on the human stakeholder’s role, physical conditions, speed and so forth. The future research outlooks and essential considerations are addressed at the end of the paper.

Positive Workplaces

2009 ◽  
pp. 578-588
Author(s):  
Fred Luthans ◽  
Carolyn M. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Organizational Behavior ◽  
Performance Impact ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Psychological Capacities

Over the years, both management practitioners and academics have generally assumed that positive workplaces lead to desired outcomes. Unlike psychology, considerable attention has also been devoted to the study of positive topics such as job satisfaction and organizational commitment. However, to place a scientifically based focus on the role that positivity may play in the development and performance of human resources, and largely stimulated by the positive psychology initiative, positive organizational behavior (POB) and psychological capital (PsyCap) have recently been introduced into the management literature. This chapter first provides an overview of both the historical and contemporary positive approaches to the workplace. Then, more specific attention is given to the meaning and domain of POB and PsyCap. Our definition of POB includes positive psychological capacities or resources that can be validly measured, developed, and have performance impact. The constructs that have been determined so far to best meet these criteria are efficacy, hope, optimism, and resiliency. When combined, they have been demonstrated to form the core construct of what we term psychological capital (PsyCap). A measure of PsyCap is being validated and this chapter references the increasing number of studies indicating that PsyCap can be developed and have performance impact. The chapter concludes with important future research directions that can help better understand and build positive workplaces to meet current and looming challenges.

scholarly journals Data-Driven Intelligent 3D Surface Measurement in Smart Manufacturing: Review and Outlook

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Yuhang Yang ◽  
Zhiqiao Dong ◽  
Yuquan Meng ◽  
Chenhui Shao
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Surface Measurement ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
3D Surface

High-fidelity characterization and effective monitoring of spatial and spatiotemporal processes are crucial for high-performance quality control of many manufacturing processes and systems in the era of smart manufacturing. Although the recent development in measurement technologies has made it possible to acquire high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) surface measurement data, it is generally expensive and time-consuming to use such technologies in real-world production settings. Data-driven approaches that stem from statistics and machine learning can potentially enable intelligent, cost-effective surface measurement and thus allow manufacturers to use high-resolution surface data for better decision-making without introducing substantial production cost induced by data acquisition. Among these methods, spatial and spatiotemporal interpolation techniques can draw inferences about unmeasured locations on a surface using the measurement of other locations, thus decreasing the measurement cost and time. However, interpolation methods are very sensitive to the availability of measurement data, and their performances largely depend on the measurement scheme or the sampling design, i.e., how to allocate measurement efforts. As such, sampling design is considered to be another important field that enables intelligent surface measurement. This paper reviews and summarizes the state-of-the-art research in interpolation and sampling design for surface measurement in varied manufacturing applications. Research gaps and future research directions are also identified and can serve as a fundamental guideline to industrial practitioners and researchers for future studies in these areas.

Ethical leadership

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Shakeel ◽  
Peter Mathieu Kruyen ◽  
Sandra Van Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Recent Criticism ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Leadership Theories ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to offer a review of the selected literature in ethical leadership synthesizing findings from 45 articles selected from journals on leadership, public administration, organizational behavior, psychology and ethics. Design/methodology/approach Four themes are addressed: the conceptualization of ethical leadership theories, the existence of popular measurement instruments for ethical leadership, findings on ethical leadership in the public sector and outcomes of ethical leadership in terms of benefits and negative consequences. Findings The definition by Brown et al. (2005) is the most frequently used definition, even though recent criticism states that this definition may be too narrow. Ethical leadership is usually measured by means of a survey; however, there are at least three different questionnaires in use. In the public sector, ethical leadership has been linked to both positive outcomes and negative consequences. Research limitations/implications This paper only includes selected academic articles and does not include published books. Originality/value Based on our findings, the authors present recommendations for future research, among others into a broader conceptualization of ethical leadership and the use of mixed methods.

The Caregiving System Scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiana Colledani ◽  
Anna M. Meneghini ◽  
Mario Mikulincer ◽  
Phillip R. Shaver
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Gender Invariance ◽  
Caregiving System ◽  
Attachment Orientations ◽  
Behavioral System ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Provision Of Care

Abstract. According to attachment theory, the propensity of human beings to care for others is governed by an inborn caregiving behavioral system that aims to promote welfare and reduce the distress of other people through effective provision of care. However, some individuals may develop non-optimal caregiving strategies, such as anxious hyperactivation and avoidant deactivation. These two non-optimal caregiving strategies can be evaluated in adults using the Caregiving System Scale (CSS). Recent findings suggested that the factor structure of the instrument may be more complex than was intended. The present work examines in-depth the factor structure of the CSS to provide a clearer understanding of the underlying dimensions. Gender invariance and the contribution of attachment orientations to CSS scores are also examined. Findings reveal that, whereas the CSS-deactivation subscale is unidimensional, the CSS-hyperactivation subscale is better represented by two distinct yet related constructs – caregiving-related worries/doubts and intrusive/coercive caregiving. Partial strict gender invariance is supported. The contribution of attachment orientations to non-optimal caregiving strategies is consistent with theoretical expectations. Results and future research directions are discussed in the final section.

scholarly journals Investigation on phytochemical composition, anti-oxidant and anticancer properties of methanolic extract of Phyllanthus niruri schumach & thonn. And protein modelling and drug docking

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 7937-7943
Author(s):  
Sugumar R ◽  
Saravana D ◽  
Pavithra N ◽  
Suresh Raj V ◽  
Sekar Babu M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Protein Modelling ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Anti Oxidant

The study aims to investigate the Phytochemical Composition, Anti-oxidant and Anticancer properties of methanolic extract of Phyllanthus niruri Schumach & Thonn And the Protein Modelling and drug docking. The research deals with the methanolic extraction and phytochemical screening, determination of total phenolic and flavonoids contents and anti-oxidant assay. By performing GC-MS characterisation, various active metabolites are analysed. Thin-layer chromatography profiling of the Phyllanthus niruri methanolic extract was performed. The IC50 of the Phyllanthus niruri methanolic extract against PA-1 Cell lines(Ovarian cancer) was calculated. Docking studies also performed for antitumor activity by using Bioinformatics and Cheminformatics software on corilagin and cisplatin. The results suggested that the methanolic extract of Phyllanthus niruri leaves has the anticancer cancer effect on the ovarian cell line. The docking studies also performed that Corilagin interaction with T.F. receptor shows a high binding score when compared to cisplatin. Our future research can be done in this area to optimise anticancer activity efficacy. Our results can be further tested Clinico-pharmacologically to prove its efficiency in human beings.

scholarly journals The European defense market: Disruptive innovation and market destabilization

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud Bellais ◽  
Daniel Fiott
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Defense Industry ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Commercial Sector ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Capability Development ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Departure Point ◽  
Development Processes

The global defense industry is shifting toward a new paradigm in which an emphasis on technology-driven capability development is being undermined by disruptive innovations emanating from the commercial sector. This evolution is likely to result in important effects on the defense market, lessening barriers to entry and turning upside down the approach to innovation. For the defense sector this entails that shifts in the organizational behavior of firms and military establishments are required if the full benefits of innovation are to be captured and integrated into defense capability development processes. This article analyses this shifting paradigm with the European defense market as a departure point. Briefly exploring the shifts in defense industrial processes since the 20th century, this article outlines the benefits of integrating the defense and civilian technological and industrial bases.

scholarly journals Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency as a common treatable mechanism in chronic respiratory disorders and for conditions different from pulmonary emphysema? A commentary on the new European Respiratory Society statement

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Aliberti ◽  
Andrea Gramegna ◽  
Marco Confalonieri ◽  
Angelo Corsico ◽  
Luca Richeldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Emphysema ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Main Body ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Antitrypsin Deficiency ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Deficiency ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin

Background: The European Respiratory Society recently published an important statement reviewing available evidence on diagnosis and treatment of lung disease associated to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD). Several issues on this topic still remain unresolved and subject of interpretation according to different standard procedures and healthcare systems worldwide. The purpose of this commentary is to offer a critical contribution to most of these controversial issues in light of an Italian perspective for the management of this disease. Main body: The clinical spectrum of AATD lung disease might include different manifestations and the traditional paradigm of a younger emphysematous patient has been revealing insufficient. Targeting with appropriate testing only COPD patients might be considered a limited approach leading to underestimation of the real prevalence of the disease. Several reports have suggested the association between AATD and other chronic respiratory conditions, as asthma and bronchiectasis. A deeper evaluation of clinical, radiological, microbiological and functional variables is, therefore, needed in order to investigate different phenotypes in AATD patients. In addition, a new line of translational research in AATD might focus on the development of personalized therapeutic regimens taking into account the patient clinical profile and needs. Conclusions: Over the past years, AATD has been interpreted as a common mechanism of inflammatory disequilibrium and tissue damage across different conditions. Future research is gradually pointing toward this new paradigm by expanding the evidence of the role of AAT as a potent immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory drug in conditions different from pulmonary emphysema.

scholarly journals CubeSat Communications: Recent Advances and Future Challenges

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasir Saeed ◽  
Ahmed Elzanaty ◽  
Heba Almorad ◽  
Hayssam Dahrouj ◽  
Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Channel Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Earth Remote Sensing ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Space Industry ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Future Research Directions

<pre><pre>Given the increasing number of space-related applications, research in the emerging space industry is becoming more and more attractive. One compelling area of current space research is the design of miniaturized satellites, known as CubeSats, which are enticing because of their numerous applications and low design-and-deployment cost. </pre><pre>The new paradigm of connected space through CubeSats makes possible a wide range of applications, such as Earth remote sensing, space exploration, and rural connectivity.</pre><pre>CubeSats further provide a complementary connectivity solution to the pervasive Internet of Things (IoT) networks, leading to a globally connected cyber-physical system.</pre><pre>This paper presents a holistic overview of various aspects of CubeSat missions and provides a thorough review of the topic from both academic and industrial perspectives.</pre><pre>We further present recent advances in the area of CubeSat communications, with an emphasis on constellation-and-coverage issues, channel modeling, modulation and coding, and networking.</pre><pre>Finally, we identify several future research directions for CubeSat communications, including Internet of space things, low-power long-range networks, and machine learning for CubeSat resource allocation.</pre></pre>

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