scholarly journals Susceptibility to antibiotics in escherichiae isolated in a multidisciplinary medical centre

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Nadezda S. Kozlova ◽  
Natalia E. Barantsevich ◽  
Elena P. Barantsevich
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
High Level

Relevance. Antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial strains currently presents a very important problem.  Aim of the study: Study of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli, isolated in a multidisciplinary centre.  Materials and Methods. Susceptibility of 151 E. coli strains to 15 antibiotics was studied by microdilution method. Results. The majority of the studied strains were resistant to antibiotics, including: ampicillin (57.0%), ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin (42.4% each), III and IV generation cephalosporins (37.1% and 34.4%, respectively) and gentamycin (29.1%). The highest activity against E. coliwas shown for carbapenems (resistance to erthapenem – 2.6%, meropenem – 0.7%), in particular, for imipenem – no strains resistant to this drug were isolated. Resistance to amikacin and phosphomycin was low: 3.3% and 1.3% respectively. Wide diversity of antibiotic resistance spectra was revealed in studied strains, with a high level of multidrug resistance (48.0%). Conclusion. Study of susceptibility to antimicrobial agents in E. coli, isolated in a multidisciplinary centre, showed predominance of resistant strains with a high level of multidrug resistance. The appearance of carbapenem-resistant strains in a multidisciplinary centre presents a rising problem.

scholarly journals Impact of Feed Supplementation with Antimicrobial Agents on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens, Clostridium perfringens and Enterococcus Counts, and Antibiotic Resistance Phenotypes and Distribution of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Escherichia coli Isolates

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (20) ◽  
pp. 6566-6576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moussa S. Diarra ◽  
Fred G. Silversides ◽  
Fatoumata Diarrassouba ◽  
Jane Pritchard ◽  
Luke Masson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Class 1

ABSTRACT The effects of feed supplementation with the approved antimicrobial agents bambermycin, penicillin, salinomycin, and bacitracin or a combination of salinomycin plus bacitracin were evaluated for the incidence and distribution of antibiotic resistance in 197 commensal Escherichia coli isolates from broiler chickens over 35 days. All isolates showed some degree of multiple antibiotic resistance. Resistance to tetracycline (68.5%), amoxicillin (61.4%), ceftiofur (51.3%), spectinomycin (47.2%), and sulfonamides (42%) was most frequent. The levels of resistance to streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and gentamicin were 33.5, 35.5, and 25.3%, respectively. The overall resistance levels decreased from day 7 to day 35 (P < 0.001). Comparing treatments, the levels of resistance to ceftiofur, spectinomycin, and gentamicin (except for resistance to bacitracin treatment) were significantly higher in isolates from chickens receiving feed supplemented with salinomycin than from the other feeds (P < 0.001). Using a DNA microarray analysis capable of detecting commonly found antimicrobial resistance genes, we characterized 104 tetracycline-resistant E. coli isolates from 7- to 28-day-old chickens fed different growth promoters. Results showed a decrease in the incidence of isolates harboring tet(B), bla TEM, sulI, and aadA and class 1 integron from days 7 to 35 (P < 0.01). Of the 84 tetracycline-ceftiofur-resistant E. coli isolates, 76 (90.5%) were positive for bla CMY-2. The proportions of isolates positive for sulI, aadA, and integron class 1 were significantly higher in salinomycin-treated chickens than in the control or other treatment groups (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that multiantibiotic-resistant E. coli isolates can be found in broiler chickens regardless of the antimicrobial growth promoters used. However, the phenotype and the distribution of resistance determinants in E. coli can be modulated by feed supplementation with some of the antimicrobial agents used in broiler chicken production.

scholarly journals Genotyping and antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from pig carcasses

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1253-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Pissetti ◽  
Gabriela Orosco Werlang ◽  
Jalusa Deon Kich ◽  
Marisa Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Commensal Bacteria ◽  
Pfge Analysis ◽  
Gene Detection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Pig Carcasses

ABSTRACT: The increasing antimicrobial resistance observed worldwide in bacteria isolated from human and animals is a matter of extreme concern and has led to the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic and commensal bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli isolated from pig carcasses and to assess the occurrence of relevant resistance genes. A total of 319 E. coli isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility against different antimicrobial agents. Moreover, the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and inducible ampC-β-lactamase producers was investigated. Eighteen multi-resistant strains were chosen for resistance gene detection and PFGE characterization. The study showed that resistance to antimicrobials is widespread in E. coli isolated from pig carcasses, since 86.2% of the strains were resistant to at least one antimicrobial and 71.5% displayed multi-resistance profiles. No ampC-producing isolates were detected and only one ESBL-producing E. coli was identified. Genes strA (n=15), floR (n=14), aac(3)IVa (n=13), tetB (n=13), sul2 (n=12), tetA (n=11), aph(3)Ia (n=8) and sul3 (n=5) were detected by PCR. PFGE analysis of these multi-resistant E. coli strains showed less than 80% similarity among them. We conclude that antimicrobial multi-resistant E. coli strains are common on pig carcasses and present highly diverse genotypes and resistance phenotypes and genotypes.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance and virulence genes of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from tropical estuary, south India

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
pp. 496-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Sukumaran ◽  
Abdulla A Mohamed Hatha
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Virulence Factor Genes

Introduction: Escherichia coli strains can cause a variety of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains have the ability to cause severe extraintestinal infections. Multidrug resistance among ExPEC could complicate human infections. Methodology: Escherichia coli strains were isolated during the period of January 2010 to December 2012 from five different stations set at Cochin estuary. Susceptibility testing was determined by the disk-diffusion method using nine different antimicrobial agents. A total of 155 strains of Escherichia coli were screened for the presence of virulence factor genes including papAH, papC, sfa/focDE, iutA,and kpsMT II associated with ExPEC. Results: Among the 155 E. coli isolates, 26 (16.77%), carried two or more virulence genes typical of ExPEC. Furthermore, 19.23% of the ExPEC isolates with multidrug resistance were identified to belong to phylogenetic groups B2 and D. Statistically significant association of iutA gene in ExPEC was found with papC (p < 0.001) and kpsMT II (p < 0.001) genes. ExPEC isolates were mainly resistant to ampicillin (23.07%), tetracycline (19.23%), co-trimoxazole (15.38%), and cefotaxime (15.38%). The adhesion genes papAH and sfa/focDE were positively associated with resistance to gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and cefotaxime (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Co-occurrence of virulence factor genes with antibiotic resistance among ExPEC poses considerable threat to those who use this aquatic system for a living and for recreation.

scholarly journals RESISTANCE TO FLUOROQUINOLONES IN ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM PIGS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalibor Todorović ◽  
Maja Velhner ◽  
Dragana Ljubojević ◽  
Marko Pajić ◽  
Dubravka Milanov
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
General Population ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Nearby Region ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Resistant Strains

The resistance of Escherichia coli (E. coli) to fluoroquinolones has become a serious issue on large pig farms worldwide, since these antimicrobial agents are widely used in the control of various diseases such as neonatal diarrhea, post weaning diarrhea, the edema disease as well as others. Being a frequent inhabitant of the digestive tract, E.coli is oft en exposed to antimicrobial agents, which are used to treat various infections. Uncontrolled application of fluoroquinolones has led to the emergence of resistant pathogenic strains as well as commensals. The spread of resistant strains is mostly found in animal and human food production chains, which are potentially huge threat for the general population. The resistance to fluoroquinolones may very oft en be combined with the resistance to other classes of antibiotics. Therefore, the use of fluoroquinolones for treating uncomplicated infections in pigs must be under strict control or completely banned. In this paper, we compared the results from available literature addressing the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance to fl uoroquinolones in E. coli strains both worldwide and in countries from the nearby region.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of DiarrheagenicEscherichia coliandShigellaSpecies Associated with Acute Diarrhea in Tehran, Iran

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. e56-e62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Jafari ◽  
Mohammad Hamidian ◽  
Maryam Rezadehbashi ◽  
Michael Doyle ◽  
Siavosh Salmanzadeh-ahrabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Etiological Agents

A study was performed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance ofShigellaspecies and diarrheagenicEscherichia coliisolates cultured from patients with acute diarrhea in Tehran, Iran. Between May 2003 and May 2005, 1120 diarrheal specimens were collected and assayed for bacterial enteropathogens by conventional and molecular methods. Etiological agents were isolated from 564 (50.3%) specimens, and included 305 (54%)E coli, 157 (27.8%)Shigellaspecies, and 102 (18%) from other genera of bacteria. The predominantE coliwas Shiga toxin-producingE coli(105 isolates [34.5%]) and the predominantShigellaserotype wasShigella sonnei(88 isolates [56.1%]). A high rate of antibiotic resistance was observed amongE coli,with 40 of 53 (75.5%) Shiga toxin-producingE coliisolates resistant to amoxicillin and tetra-cycline, and eight (5.2%)E coliisolates resistant to more than six antibiotics. MostShigellaisolates were resistant to tetracycline (95%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (91.7%), with greatest antibiotic resistance observed amongS sonnei(53 of 88 [60.2%] isolates). Antibiotic resistance is widespread in diarrheagenicE coliandShigellain children with acute diarrhea in Tehran, Iran; hence, updated strategies for appropriate use of antimicrobial agents in Iran are needed.

scholarly journals Multidrug Resistance following Expression of the Escherichia coli marA Gene in Mycobacterium smegmatis

1998 ◽  
Vol 180 (11) ◽  
pp. 2995-2998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick F. McDermott ◽  
David G. White ◽  
Isabelle Podglajen ◽  
Michael N. Alekshun ◽  
Stuart B. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Smegmatis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Mutant Protein ◽  
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Alpha Helices ◽  
E Coli

ABSTRACT Expression of the Escherichia coli multiple antibiotic resistance marA gene cloned in Mycobacterium smegmatis produced increased resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents, including rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol. Cloned marR or marA cloned in the antisense direction had no effect. Resistance changes were lost with spontaneous loss of the plasmid bearing marA. A MarA mutant protein, having an insertional mutation within either of its two alpha-helices of the first putative helix-turn-helix domain, failed to produce the multiresistance phenotype in E. coli andM. smegmatis, indicating that this region is critical for MarA function. These results strongly suggest that E. coli marA functions in M. smegmatis and that amar-like regulatory system exists in this organism.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Hybrid Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli Associated with Multidrug Resistance in Environmental Water, Johannesburg, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2163
Author(s):  
John Y. Bolukaoto ◽  
Atheesha Singh ◽  
Ntando Alfinete ◽  
Tobias G. Barnard
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Resistant Strains

This study was undertaken to determine the virulence and antibiotic resistance profiles of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) in environmental waters of Johannesburg, South Africa. Samples were collected and cultured on selective media. An 11-plex PCR assay was used to differentiate five DEC, namely: enteroaggregative (EAEC), enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC), enteroinvasive (EIEC), enteropathogenic (EPEC) and enterotoxigenic (ETEC). The antibiotic resistance profile of isolates was determined using the VITEK®-2 automated system. The virulence profiles of 170 E. coli tested showed that 40% (68/170) were commensals and 60% (102/170) were pathogenic. EPEC had a prevalence of 19.2% (32/170), followed by ETEC 11.4% (19/170), EAEC 6% (10/170) and EHEC 3% (5/170). Hybrid DEC carrying a combination of simultaneously two and three pathogenic types was detected in twenty-eight and nine isolates, respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility testing showed isolates with multidrug resistance, including cefuroxime (100%), ceftazidime (86%), cefotaxime (81%) and cefepime (79%). This study highlighted the widespread occurrence of DEC and antibiotic resistance strains in the aquatic ecosystem of Johannesburg. The presence of hybrid pathotypes detected in this study is alarming and might lead to more severe diseases. There is a necessity to enhance surveillance in reducing the propagation of pathogenic and antibiotic-resistant strains in this area.

scholarly journals The level of antimicrobial resistance of sewage isolates is higher than that of river isolates in different Escherichia coli lineages

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitoshi Ogura ◽  
Takuya Ueda ◽  
Kei Nukazawa ◽  
Hayate Hiroki ◽  
Hui Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistant Strains

Abstract The dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in environmental water is an emerging concern in medical and industrial settings. Here, we analysed the antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolates from river water and sewage by the use of a combined experimental phenotypic and whole-genome-based genetic approach. Among the 283 tested strains, 52 were phenotypically resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents. The E. coli isolates from the river and sewage samples were phylogenetically indistinguishable, and the antimicrobial-resistant strains were dispersedly distributed in a whole-genome-based phylogenetic tree. The prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant strains as well as the number of antimicrobials to which they were resistant were higher in sewage samples than in river samples. Antimicrobial resistance genes were more frequently detected in strains from sewage samples than in those from river samples. We also found that 16 river isolates that were classified as Escherichia cryptic clade V were susceptible to all the antimicrobials tested and were negative for antimicrobial resistance genes. Our results suggest that E. coli strains may acquire antimicrobial resistance genes more frequently and/or antimicrobial-resistant E. coli strains may have higher rates of accumulation and positive selection in sewage than in rivers, irrespective of their phylogenetic distribution.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance pattern of Escherichia coli strains isolated from poultry farmers and poultry slaughterers in Morocco

10.3823/820 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
CHAIBA Abdellah ◽  
Rhazi Filali Fouzia
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Poultry Workers ◽  
Poultry Farmers

Aim: The objective of this study is to characterize the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from the fecal samples of poultry workers, and to study the possible dissemination of resistant E. coli  from  poultry to humans. Methodology: Sixty four E. coli strains isolated from the fecal samples of poultry workers and 35 isolates from a control group workers were tested for antibiotic resistance by agar disk diffusion with 11 antimicrobial agents. Results: Resistance of E. coli isolated from poultry workers to tetracycline, ampicillin and norfloxacin were significantly (p < 0,05) higher than those isolated from the control group. All E. coli isolates were susceptible to cefotaxime, and most of them are susceptible to gentamycin, amikacin, cefoxitin and ertapenem. Multidrug resistance is alarmingly high in all groups, but was highest in poultry farmers isolates (84%) and poultry slaughterers isolates (80%). Approximately 25 % of the isolates of poultry workers showed resistance to four or more antibiotics. Conclusion: This study implies  that occupational exposure to antimicrobial-resistant E. coli from animal contact in the broiler chicken industry may be an important route of entry for antimicrobial-resistant E. coli into the community. Keywords : Escherichia coli ; Poultry Workers ; Antibiotic Resistance ; Multidrug Resistance ; Morocco.

Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli, Enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus from Raw Fish and Seafood Imported into Switzerland

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 1240-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
RENATE BOSS ◽  
GUDRUN OVERESCH ◽  
ANDREAS BAUMGARTNER
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

ABSTRACT A total of 44 samples of salmon, pangasius (shark catfish), shrimps, and oysters were tested for the presence of Escherichia coli, enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, which are indicator organisms commonly used in programs to monitor antibiotic resistance. The isolated bacterial strains, confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy, were tested against a panel of 29 antimicrobial agents to obtain MICs. Across the four sample types, Enterococcus faecalis (59%) was most common, followed by E. coli (55%), P. aeruginosa (27%), and S. aureus (9%). All bacterial species were resistant to some antibiotics. The highest rates of resistance were in E. faecalis to tetracycline (16%), in E. coli to ciprofloxacin (22%), and in S. aureus to penicillin (56%). Antibiotic resistance was found among all sample types, but salmon and oysters were less burdened than were shrimps and pangasius. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains were exclusively found in shrimps and pangasius: 17% of pangasius samples (MDR E. coli and S. aureus) and 64% of shrimps (MDR E. coli, E. faecalis, and S. aureus). Two of these MDR E. coli isolates from shrimps (one from an organic sample) were resistant to seven antimicrobial agents. Based on these findings, E. coli in pangasius, shrimps, and oysters, E. faecalis in pangasius, shrimps, and salmon, and P. aeruginosa in pangasius and shrimps are potential candidates for programs monitoring antimicrobial resistance. Enrichment methods for the detection of MDR bacteria of special public health concern, such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus and E. coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases and carbapenemases, should be implemented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document