scholarly journals Phytoplankton of some rivers in the south of broadleaved forests subzone of the Middle Volga basin in a long-term perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Pavel Vladimirovich Kulizin ◽  
Ekaterina Leonidovna Vodeneeva ◽  
Alexander Gennadievich Okhapkin
Keyword(s):  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Middle Volga Basin ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
The Impact

The paper provides information on the composition, structure and dynamics of phytoplankton of three morphologically different tributaries of the Cheboksary reservoir (the Vetluga, the Kerzhenets and the Vishnya rivers). The species composition of algae includes 826 species and intraspecific taxa, the flora was formed by diatom, green and euglena algae. It reflects the watercourses particularities of the southern taiga zone. Based on long-term studies of phytoplankton a change in the composition of algoflora by more than half was noticed, especially in the groups of Charophyta, Cryptophyta, Miozoa, Ochrophyta and Euglenophyta. An increase in quantitative indicators of algocoenoses from oligotrophic to oligotrophic-mesotrophic level in the middle reaches of rivers by mesotrophic-eutrophic level in estuarine areas is shown. In a fifty-year research series a tendency of phytoplankton reduction in size by more than 3,5 times has been established. It reflects the impact of eutrophication and gradual warming of the climate. The period of abnormally hot summer of 2010 led to increased vegetation in the middle reaches of rivers of diazotrophic blue-green algae and dinophytes. Since the early 2000s, gradual penetration and naturalization of both planktonic invasive algae species and representatives of benthic algocoenoses have been noticed. The mentioned changes reflect the nature of phytoplankton rearrangements as the essential component of the biota and emphasize the importance of long-term research with a possibility to predict negative consequences.

scholarly journals The Multiscale Monitoring of Peatland Ecosystem Carbon Cycling in the Middle Taiga Zone of Western Siberia: The Mukhrino Bog Case Study

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 824
Author(s):  
Egor Dyukarev ◽  
Evgeny Zarov ◽  
Pavel Alekseychik ◽  
Jelmer Nijp ◽  
Nina Filippova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycling ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Chamber Method ◽  
The Impact

The peatlands of the West Siberian Lowlands, comprising the largest pristine peatland area of the world, have not previously been covered by continuous measurement and monitoring programs. The response of peatlands to climate change occurs over several decades. This paper summarizes the results of peatland carbon balance studies collected over ten years at the Mukhrino field station (Mukhrino FS, MFS) operating in the Middle Taiga Zone of Western Siberia. A multiscale approach was applied for the investigations of peatland carbon cycling. Carbon dioxide fluxes at the local scale studied using the chamber method showed net accumulation with rates from 110, to 57.8 gC m−2 at the Sphagnum hollow site. Net CO2 fluxes at the pine-dwarf shrubs-Sphagnum ridge varied from negative (−32.1 gC m−2 in 2019) to positive (13.4 gC m−2 in 2017). The cumulative May-August net ecosystem exchange (NEE) from eddy-covariance (EC) measurements at the ecosystem scale was −202 gC m−2 in 2015, due to the impact of photosynthesis of pine trees which was not registered by the chamber method. The net annual accumulation of carbon in the live part of mosses was estimated at 24–190 gC m−2 depending on the Sphagnum moss species. Long-term carbon accumulation rates obtained by radiocarbon analysis ranged from 28.5 to 57.2 gC m−2 yr−1, with local extremes of up to 176.2 gC m−2 yr−1. The obtained estimates of various carbon fluxes using EC and chamber methods, the accounting for Sphagnum growth and decomposition, and long-term peat accumulation provided information about the functioning of the peatland ecosystems at different spatial and temporal scales. Multiscale carbon flux monitoring reveals useful new information for forecasting the response of northern peatland carbon cycles to climatic changes.

Fundamentals and Main Provisions of the Functional-Procedural Concept of Mental Deprivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 514-525
Author(s):  
Yuliana M. Terletska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Mental Phenomenon ◽  
Interconnected System ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Human Psyche ◽  
Destructive Processes ◽  
The Impact

Science still does not have a single scientifically sound concept of mental deprivation, which would explain its psychological essence, this mental phenomenon cannot be adequately assessed, or measures to prevent or eliminate negative mental phenomena it provoked cannot be developed. The article aims to reveal the basic principles and substantiate the main provisions of the functional-procedural concept of mental deprivation. Psycho-energetic and energy-psycho-functional approaches were used, as well as methods of analysis, synthesis, abstraction, specification, comparison, generalisation, and grouping of knowledge about the human psyche. The functional-procedural concept of mental deprivation of humans covers an interconnected system of provisions. According to them, mental deprivation is a course of more or less powerful destructive processes in the functioning of his psyche. Such processes arose from the destruction of mental parameters in various areas due to long-term unfulfilling necessary for normal functioning and development. The development of a functional-procedural concept of mental deprivation of a human will make it possible, first, to adequately define its essence and content in the scientific dimension as a phenomenon of the psyche; secondly, to assess its impact on the functioning of the whole psyche; third, to disclose the impact on development or its delay, actions, behaviour, and activities of an individual; fourth, to develop psychotherapeutic measures to prevent the occurrence of mental deprivation and eliminate its negative consequences.

Impacts of agriculture on aquatic systems: lessons learnt and new unknowns in Northern Ireland

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Heaney ◽  
R. H. Foy ◽  
G. J. A. Kennedy ◽  
W. W. Crozier ◽  
W. C. K. O' Connor
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Lough Neagh ◽  
The Impact

Agriculture in Northern Ireland depends on grass-based production, but since 1980, expansion of output has been effectively constrained by production limits set by the European Union agricultural policy. Despite this, long-term monitoring over several decades has shown significant degradation of water quality in Lough Neagh, with persistent high biomass of blue-green algae. Similar long-term studies have revealed a marked decline in the freshwater survival of salmon in the nearby River Bush. These changes may be related and reflect the impact of farming on water quality and salmonid production. Regular sampling of the inflowing rivers to Lough Neagh has shown that continued increase in lake phosphorus concentration has been primarily due to an increase in the soluble reactive phosphorus loading from agricultural diffuse sources. Similar diffuse inputs of agriculturally derived nutrients to the River Bush, leading to increased plant growth together with the accumulation of fine sediment in salmon spawning redds, are considered to be important in the decline of freshwater survival of salmon from egg to smolt. The impact of farming practices on lakes and rivers is considered in relation to understanding of the complex and interacting factors that link land use to water quality.

scholarly journals The reaction of the environment to climate change in the Northern latitudes (on the example of the taiga zone of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Petrovna Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Khanty Mansi Autonomous

The article presents results of investigation the impact of modern climate change on the environment in the taiga zone of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Ugra. Long-term indicators of average annual air temperature and the duration of the occurrence of stable snow cover are given according to some meteorological stations in the region. The response of the natural environment is determined based on the analysis of phenological processes under the conditions of climate change in the studied territory. Hazardous hydrometeorological phenomena observed on the territory in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Ugra are presented.

scholarly journals Arachnids (Araneae, Opiliones) from grass stand and forest litter in the Urals, Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Nesterkov ◽  
Maxim Zolotarev ◽  
Elena Belskaya ◽  
Tatyana Tuneva
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Ural Mountains ◽  
The Urals ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Term Monitoring

Since the late 1980s, long-term monitoring of various components of natural ecosystems under conditions of industrial pollution has been carried out in the Central Urals. In the mid-2000s, similar programmes were started in the Southern Urals. As a part of these monitoring programmes, the data on invertebrates in different types of biotopes, collected with different methods and in a different time intervals, continue to be gathered. Amongst the most well-studied groups of invertebrates are spiders and harvestmen whose communities are a convenient indicator of the environment. The data collected through these monitoring programmes can also be used to study natural local biodiversity. The dataset, presented here, includes information from a long-term monitoring programme for Araneae and Opiliones that inhabit grass stands of secondary dry meadows and litter of spruce-fir, aspen-birch and pine-birch forests in the Central and Southern Urals. The dataset (available from the GBIF network at https://www.gbif.org/dataset/e170dbd1-a67f-4514-841c-5296b290ca90) describes the assemblage structure of spiders and harvestmen (list of species and their abundance), age-sex composition and seasonal and inter-annual dynamics for two large areas in the southern taiga zone of the Ural Mountains. The dataset includes 1,351 samples, which correspond to 5,462 occurrences identified during 2004–2009, 2013 and 2018. In total, we collected 10,433 specimens, representing 178 species (36% of arachnofauna of the Urals), 115 genera (54%) and 23 families (100%). Most of the data (4,939 of 5,462 occurrences, 90%) were collected in the western macro-slope of the Ural Mountains (European part of Russia), the rest in the eastern macro-slope (Asian part). All represented data were sampled in industrially undisturbed areas and are used as a local reference for ecotoxicological monitoring. The dataset provides new useful information for recording the state of biodiversity for the Central and Southern Urals and contributes to the study of biodiversity conservation.

scholarly journals Areas of syntaxons of bog vegetation in the taiga zone of European Russia and the influence of the orographic factor on them

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
V. A. Smagin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
The North ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Eastern Edge ◽  
North Western

The aim of the article is to review the geographical distribution of the main types of plant communities of mires of the boreal zone of European Russia, and to assess the impact of the orographic factor on it. The review made on the materials of 40-year study of mires vegetation of European Russia. It was found that the main botanical and geographical boundaries within the taiga zone of European Russia pass through the subzones of the northern and southern taiga, the Eastern edge of Fennoscandia and the coastal part of the North-Western region.

scholarly journals External labor migration from Ukraine: causes, scale, consequences

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Viktoria Apalkova ◽  
Anna Lyzunova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
International Labor ◽  
European Standards ◽  
The Government ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – to study the causes and consequences of migration processes. The results of the study. This article presents the results of an analysis of the dynamics and current state of labor migration processes in Ukraine. The authors evaluated the impact of international labor migration on the country's economy. The causes of labor migration, its positive and negative consequences are characterized. This study examines and summarizes the global experience in regulating external migration flows to foreign countries. The authors suggested directions for improving the system of regulation of external labor migration, as well as measures to promote on its of use as an important element of economic development based on the analysis. Practical implications. The results of this paper can become the basis for the formation of migration policy of Ukraine according with European standards. Originality/Value. This paper is expanded of  the concept of the main directions and the principles of state migration policy, which the government of Ukraine must adhere to when forming it, has been. Research limitations/Future research. It is advisable to direct further research towards a quantitative analysis of the composition, structure and national characteristics of labor migrants.   Paper type – empirical.  

scholarly journals Developments in Drug Addiction During COVID-19—An Austrian Perspective Based on a Clinical Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Fuchs-Leitner ◽  
Kurosch Yazdi ◽  
Nikolas W. Gerstgrasser ◽  
Jan Rosenleitner
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Opioid Substitution Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drug Use Disorder

Concerns about the negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with substance use disorder (SUD) were raised by experts in the field around the world. Here we provide an Austrian perspective, discussing the impact of the pandemic on help-seeking patient with drug use disorder during the initial stage of the pandemic. Our perspectives are based on the situation as perceived at our clinical facility, and supported by original data collected from a small clinical sample of patients with drug use disorder (N = 32). The viewpoints and related descriptive data include the perceived individual impact of COVID-19, as well as various aspects of drug use behavior and the Austrian drug market before and after the onset of the pandemic. The consequences for a subgroup of patients in opioid substitution treatment (N = 24) are discussed. Surprisingly and in contrast to anticipated developments, we had the impression of a rather stable situation in Austria, at least at this early stage of the pandemic. The immediate impact of COVID-19 on these help-seeking patients with high levels of drug dependency seemed less severe than anticipated so far. Importantly, this observation might be a short-term effect for this already fragile group and careful monitoring of further developments as well as preparation of long-term strategies are advised. In general, problematic drug use is associated with many health risk factors and finding appropriate long-term health care strategies has to remain a top priority facing the pandemic. Our perspectives are restricted to observations from help-seeking patients at our clinic, and no conclusions for the general population can be directly drawn.

scholarly journals Improving practice learning

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Linda Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Social Work Students ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Personal Impact ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Student Demand ◽  
Work Education ◽  
The Impact

Undertaking practice placements (fieldwork instruction, agency-based practice learning) is an integral part of professional social work education and training across the United Kingdom. Scottish universities and partner social work service providers have however experienced long term challenges in an effort to ensure that an adequate number of practice placements were available to meet the student demand. Particularly well documented are the problems associated with a shortfall in the number of active practice teachers (fieldwork educators and practice learning facilitators) and agency settings willing to take a student.Less is known however about the impact of a shortfall of practice placements has on social work students themselves. This article outlines the findings of a survey, involving 164 social work Students, which explores the personal impact of a delayed start to a practice placement and describes one University’s attempt to eliminate these negative consequences for students by implementing new approaches to the organisation and delivery of practice learning.

scholarly journals The impact of light and temperature on chromatin organization and plant adaptation

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (17) ◽  
pp. 5247-5255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Perrella ◽  
Anna Zioutopoulou ◽  
Lauren R Headland ◽  
Eirini Kaiserli
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nuclear Architecture ◽  
Chromatin Organization ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Plant Adaptation ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Light and temperature shape the developmental trajectory and morphology of plants. Changes in chromatin organization and nuclear architecture can modulate gene expression and lead to short- and long-term plant adaptation to the environment. Here, we review recent reports investigating how changes in chromatin composition, structure, and topology modulate gene expression in response to fluctuating light and temperature conditions resulting in developmental and physiological responses. Furthermore, the potential application of novel revolutionary techniques, such Hi-C, RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and padlock-FISH, to study the impact of environmental stimuli such as light and temperature on nuclear compartmentalization in plants is discussed.

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