scholarly journals Growth, development, morphology and biochemical characteristics of Solidago canadensis L. plants when introduced in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Vasilyevna Portnyagina ◽  
Vasiliy Vitalyevich Punegov ◽  
Elmira Elizbarovna Echishvili ◽  
Marina Gennadyevna Fomina ◽  
Konstantin Vitalievich Chucha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Solidago Canadensis ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
Middle Taiga Subzone ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time

The paper presents the results of a long-term study of four samples of Canadian goldenrod ( Solidago canadensis L.) of different geographic origin introduced in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic. Under cultural conditions, the species is highly resistant and longevity (up to 18 years). It has been established that with the introduction in the North, reproduction of the Canadian goldenrod is possible by vegetative means, as well as from seeds of foreign origin. The mass transition of plants grown by seedlings to the generative period occurs in the third year of life. According to the flowering rhythm (July 31 - September 25), the species is classified as a mid-summer-mid-autumn plant. Fruiting of plants is interrupted by frost, full-fledged seeds are not formed. The morphological features of the generative shoot have been studied. The plant height in culture reaches 143-155 cm. The number of leaves on the stem is 63-101. The floral part of the shoot (inflorescence) 30-39 cm long is formed from the axils of 41-49 leaves and consists of 21-41 paracladia 8-13 cm long. The number of baskets on one shoot in different specimens of Canadian goldenrod varies from 2700 to 4200. The content of nitrogen mass fraction (1,8-3,0%) in the aboveground raw phytomass of Canadian goldenrod has been studied for the first time and the quantitative and qualitative composition of amino acids in plant proteins has been determined. The total content of amino acids in the plant raw material of Canadian goldenrod has varied from 7,9 to 15,1% over the years. In the aboveground phytomass of plants, 17 amino acids have been found and determined, including 7 irreplaceable ones. The share of essential amino acids has averaged 37% of the total. The highest rates of equity participation have been noted for the following amino acids: proline, glutamic, aspartic, lysine, leucine, valine, alanine, arginine and glycine - 13,2; 11,0; 10,8; 8,4; 8,0; 5,9; 5,8; 5,7 and 5,2%, respectively. In the conditions of the North, biochemical studies of this species have been carried out for the first time. The content of flavonols in the aboveground raw phytomass of Canadian goldenrod have been 4,5-5,7% and met the requirements for medicinal raw materials (more than 3%). The yield of essential oil and its component composition have been determined. The EO content in the aboveground phytomass of plants has varied from 0,85 to 1,7% in terms of absolutely dry raw material. In the composition of EM, 39 components have been reliably identified, nine of which have been attributed to the main ones. The dominant compounds are: -pinene (up to 43,9%), myrcene (up to 18,2%), limonene (up to 13,2%), -3-carene (up to 12,0%); from sesquiterpenoids: germacrene D (up to 54,3%), bornyl acetate (up to 5,8%), geranyl acetate (up to 2,4%), cadinadiene (up to 2,0%), sesqui-fellandrene (up to 1,4%).

scholarly journals Morphological features of the plant Pyrethrum majus (Desf.) Tzvel. and variability of the component composition of essential oil during introduction in the North-East of the European part of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-148
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Vasilyevna Portnyagina ◽  
Vasiliy Vitalyevich Punegov ◽  
Elmira Elizbarovna Echishvili ◽  
Marina Gennadyevna Fomina ◽  
Ivan Vladimirovich Gruzdev
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
Middle Taiga Subzone ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
European Part Of Russia

The paper presents the results of the research on the growth, development, and biochemical evaluation of introduced Pyrethrum majus plants in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic. It is established that in the conditions of culture the species is characterized by a high stability and winter hardiness. The phenology and dynamics of plant growth were studied. Morphological parameters of vegetative and generative shoots were determined. The yield of essential oil from the aboveground phytomass of P. majus and its component composition were studied. It was found that the content of essential oil of flowering plants varied over the years of research from 0,25 to 1,41% and depended on the weather conditions of the growing season. More than 190 components were found in the essential oil of P. majus plants using the method of GLC analysis, 48 of them were identified. The main terpenoids in the essential oil were S-(+) carvone (5465%), -tuyon (610%), TRANS-and CIS-p-Menta-2,8-dienols (2,32,8%), 1,8-Cineol (1,42,9%), CIS Menta-1(7)8-Dien-2ol (1,52,1%), germacrene d (1,21,8%) -cadinol (0,51,5%), -muurolol (0,22,6%). It was found that the component composition of the essential oil from perennial plants P. majus corresponds to the carvone-Tuyon chemotype and did not change significantly due to the meteorological conditions of the environment. Taking into account a high adaptation of plants of this species to the conditions of the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic, high indicators of aboveground phytomass with a sufficient content of essential oil, P. majus can be successfully cultivated in the North as a promising spicy-aromatic medicinal and ornamental plant.

scholarly journals Amygdalus nana L. reproductive structures features study when introduced in the North

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Svetlana Alekseevna Miftakhova ◽  
Olga Valerievna Skrotskaya
Keyword(s):  
Structure Study ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Flower Structure ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
Middle Taiga Subzone ◽  
The North ◽  
Flower Structures

As a result of Amygdalus nana plant flowers structure study, when introduced in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic, its conformity to the species features of the plant is shown. The authors also note teratological changes, expressed in the abnormal development of sterile or fertile flower structures. The number of petals increases, their edges become wavy; stamens transform into petals, there is pistil underdevelopment, etc. The life cycle of A. nana flowers was traced in the conditions of the North, the duration of the phases of their development was determined (Phase I - dense green bud, II phase of pink bud, III phase - beginning of blossoming flower, IV phase - full blossoming of the flower and V phase - fading). The features of the fruiting process of A. nana are shown, where degeneration of fertilized ovules is noted, which is due to the possible violation of different stages of embryogenesis. In this case, a significant number of anomalies in the fertile parts of the flower, possibly, lead to a small number of fruits on plants. The analysis of the A. nana flower structure in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic gives additional information on the intraspecific changes in the reproductive structures of this plant; the results obtained can serve as additional information for establishing anthocological differences within the taxon.

scholarly journals Dialect versions of the all-Russian phraseological units in dialects of Local Pechora

2020 ◽  
pp. 237-250
Author(s):  
I. S. Urmancheeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Complex Investigation ◽  
Broad View ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Research Objects ◽  
First Time

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the phraseological units of dialects of the Local Pechora and the all-Russian phraseological units of identical semantics (with a form variation) or an identical form (with a semantics variation). The Russian dialects of Local Pechora are a speech of aboriginals of the Ust-Tsilemsky Region of the Komi Republic of the Russian Federation. A complex description covers a big group of the Pechora phraseological units corresponding to the all-Russian phraseological units that are the research objects. The art features of dialect phraseological units are considered. Also, the analysis is made of the figura-tive basis reflecting a picture of the world of the inhabitant of the North. The relevance and scientific novelty of work is due to the fact that it is for the first time that this phraseological material is subjected to such a complex investigation. The main source of the study was the “Phraseological dictionary of the Russian dialects of the Lower Pechora”, with additional ma-terial taken from the “Dictionary of Russian dialects of the Komi Republic” and other dialect dictionaries. All-Russian phraseological units were taken from Russian phraseological dic-tionaries. The paper provides a broad view of the phraseological structure of the Russian lan-guage. The research has revealed phonetic, word-formative, morphological, syntactic, lexical, structural, quantitative and semantic dialectal variants of all-Russian phraseological units, as well as the phenomena of combined (mixed) variation. The comparative analysis allowed re-vealing the originality of the Pechora phraseological units that have preserved many archaic phenomena due to the long, isolated existence of a dialect in the conditions of interlingual contacts.

Morphology of the cephalothorax integument of Bryocamptus pygmaeus (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Canthocamptidae), based on a new research method

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-330
Author(s):  
A.A. Novikov ◽  
E.B. Fefilova
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
The North ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
The Republic ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
New Research ◽  
First Time

The number and location of sensilla and pores of the cephalothorax integument of the species Bryocamptus pygmaeus (G.O. Sars, 1863) (Copepoda, Canthocamptidae) were studied for the first time on the material from several European regions: the southeastern part of the Bolshezemelskaya tundra (Ne­nets Autonomous District), the north of the Komi Republic, the Republic of Karelia, and the central part of European Russia (Udmurt Republic). In the samples examined, two groups of populations differing in the characters of cephalothorax integument were recognised. These differences were found to correlate with the variability of the endopod of fourth pair of female legs, which bears four setae in specimens of the eastern form, while a specimen examined from Karelia has five setae. Pore maps are composed for both groups of morphotypes. A statistical analysis was carried out based on a new technique using three-dimensional models of the cephalothorax. As a result of this analysis, a high similarity between individuals of the eastern form and differences of the latter from the Karelian specimen were revealed.

scholarly journals The study of amino acid composition of roots of dandlion (Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg.) growing in the North Caucasus

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 184-190
Author(s):  
Anastasia O. Suschenko ◽  
Evgenia V. Kompantseva
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
The North ◽  
Plant Raw Material

Aim. Being an integral part of proteins, amino acids are involved in all physiological processes in the human body. Plants being an accessible source of biologically active substances, there is a need to study medicinal plant raw material containing amino acids that are interchangeable and essential for the human body. Materials and methods. Air-dry roots of dandelion (Тaraxacum officinale Wigg.) collected on the slopes of mount Mashuk (Pyatigorsk) in April and September 2018 were studied. They were cleared of traces of soil. To determine the bound forms of amino acids the raw material was prepared by hydrolysis during heating. Data about the composition and amount of amino acids in the analyzed samples of dandelion roots were obtained by means of the system of capillary electrophoresis Drops-105. Processing of the data was carried out with the use of the computer program Multichrom for Windows. Results and discussion. 13 free amino acids were found in the roots of dandelion, of which 7 were nonessential (-alanine, glycine, serine, tyrosine, glutamic acid, arginine, proline) and 6 were essential amino acids (valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, threonine, -phenylalanine). Bound amino acids were found to include 8 nonessential amino acids (-alanine, glycine, serine, tyrosine, arginine, Proline, glutamic and aspartic acid) and 6 essential ones (valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, threonine, -phenylalanine). The amount of free and bound amino acids in the roots of dandelion collected in April is about 1.4% by weight of the raw material and reaches 3.5% in the roots collected in September. Conclusion. The qualitative and quantitative composition of amino acids in dandelion roots growing in the North Caucasus has been studied. The detected amino acids make a certain contribution to the total pharmacological effect of this type of medicinal plant raw material.

scholarly journals Orchidaceae Juss. in Flora of Chechnya and Their Protection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E L Tasueva ◽  
R S Magomadova ◽  
A S Abdurzakova ◽  
A M Umaeva ◽  
Z I Shakhgirieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
Protected Plants ◽  
First Time

For the first time, perennial materials on the Orchidacaeae Juss. family of Chechnya are summarizedб consisting of 15 families and 29 species. The largest genus in the family – Orchis L. is represented by 8 species. The article presents information that all members of the family are protected plants listed in the Red Book of Chechnya, Ingushetia, Dagestan, and the Stavropol Territory. Some species are not included in the list of plants to be protected, including those species that have underground tuberoids and can serve as a source of salep (for instance, Platanthera bifolia, P. chlorantha, Herminium monorchis, Traunsteinera sphaerica, Dactylorhisa incarnata, D. salina, D. urvilleana). In this connection, data on the resources of family members and the potential possibilities of their use as a medicinal raw material are of interest. We have carried out resource studies of the most common species of Orchis tridentata Scop, within the North Caucasus. The obtained data allow us to expand our understanding of the species role of Orchidaceae Juss family. Пoлyчeнныe дaнныe пoзBoляют pacшиpить пpeдcтaBлeниe o poли BидoB ceмeйcтBa Orchidaceae Juss. of the North Caucasus flora in the composition of vegetation cover.

scholarly journals Raw materials of Hypericum perforatum L. of different geographical origin in the conditions of introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
E. E. Echishvili ◽  
N. V. Portnyagina
Keyword(s):  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Middle Taiga Subzone ◽  
Second Year ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Phenological Phases

The results of studying the growth, development and formation of the raw phytomass of Hypericum perforatum plants of different geographic origin during the introduction in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic are presented. Seven samples of Hypericum perforatum were examined, including two cultivars: Zolotodolinsky and Solnechny. A sample (Tallinn No. 885) was identified, which differed in earlier dates of the onset of phenological phases. Hypericum perforatum plants under culture conditions in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic are characterized by a stable developmental rhythm. It has been determined that the number of generative shoots in Hypericum perforatum increases with age. So, in two-year-old plants this indicator was 3-4, in four-year-old plants - 18-26 pcs. per individual. It has been established that from the second year of life, with the seedling method of growing, Hypericum perforatum plants are able to form high yields of medicinal raw materials. As a result of an assessment of the productivity of samples of cultivar Solnechny and sample from Barnaul.

scholarly journals HEATING CAPABILITY OF POSTPYROGEN PINE WOOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-195
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Tyukavina ◽  
Aleksandra Gudina
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Ground Fire ◽  
Burnt Areas ◽  
First Time

The forests of the North are characterized by frequent exposure to ground fires. The study of wood qualities at the burnt areas for its rational use is relevant. The aim of the study was to study the calorific value of Scots pine after a ground fire. The studies were conducted in the Permilovsk, Unsk and Obozersk forest districts of the Arkhangelsk region from 2016-2018. The fire duration in the studied areas was 3-8 years. The calorific value of pine wood in an absolutely dry state was determined using an ABK-1V automated bomb calorimeter. The calorific value of pine wood of post-pyrogenic stands averages from 21,389 J/g to 22,452 J/g. In post-pyrogenic stands, the calorific value of pine soundwood is significantly higher (1331 J/g) compared to sapwood. In pine trees that have dried up after a ground fire and in viable trees that are susceptible to 1-2 stages of decay, the calorific value of wood is at the level of healthy trees. It is 21,182 — 22,590 J/g and 21,521 — 22,394 J/g, respectively. However, sapwood for this category of trees has lower values of 19,648 — 19,873 J/g. The average calorific value of pine wood in plantations not damaged by fires is lower by 658 — 1,721 J/g in comparison with post-pyrogenic ones. For the first time, data on the calorific value of post-pyrogenic wood of trees of different status categories were obtained for the north of the Arkhangelsk region. The calorific value of post-pyrogenic pine wood of different categories of state is characterized by increased values. It allows it to be used as raw material for biofuel.

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