scholarly journals Biomorphological features, phenological development and winter hardiness of East Asian species of the genus Cotoneaster Medik. when introduced in the Komi Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Artur Nikolaevich Punegov ◽  
Olga Valerievna Skrotskaya
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Asian Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Late Start

The paper deals with the biological features of the East Asian species of the genus Cotoneaster Medik. when introduced in the Komi Republic. The features of vegetation, the dynamics of shoot growth, as well as the specificity of growth processes in the North, the degree of winter hardiness of introduced species, flowering and fruiting of plants of three species of this genus have been studied. Long-term observations have established that the studied plants have a long seasonal rhythm of development, they are characterized by late terms of the end of the growing season. Some species in summer, due to their high ability to regenerate shoots, quickly restore the crown, which allows them to enter the flowering and fruiting phases annually under conditions of introduction. Of the seven species, three have entered the generation period, and only two differ in the regular fruit formation. Plants of C. allochrous , C. bullatus , C. roseus , and C. amoenus differ in the late start and late end of the growing season, which affect their winter hardiness. C. dammeri , C. horizontalis and C. ascendens are recommended as the most promising plants for growing in the northern region with an early start and late end of the growing season. The decorativeness of the studied dendrointroducents, which persists during the growing season, is noted.

In memory of Vera Antonovna Martynenko (1936-2018)

2018 ◽  
pp. 149-154
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Great Contribution ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Natural Flora

Vera Antonovna Martynenko (17.02.1936–06.01.2018) — famous specialist in the field of studying vascular plant flora and vegetation of the Far North, the Honored worker of the Komi Republic (2006), The Komi Republic State Scientific Award winner (2000). She was born in the town Likhoslavl of the Kali­nin (Tver) region. In 1959, Vera Antonovna graduated from the faculty of soil and biology of the Leningrad State University and then moved to the Komi Branch of USSR Academy of Science (Syktyvkar). From 1969 to 1973 she passed correspondence postgraduate courses of the Komi Branch of USSR Academy of ­Science. In 1974, she received the degree of candidate of biology (PhD) by the theme «Comparative analysis of the boreal flora at the Northeast European USSR» in the Botanical Institute (St. Petersburg). In 1996, Vera Antonovna received the degree of doctor of biology in the Institute of plant and animal ecology (Ekaterinburg) «Flora of the northern and mid subzones of the taiga of the European North-East». The study and conservation of species and coenotical diversity of the plant world, namely the vascular plants flora of the Komi Republic and revealing its transformation under the anthropogenic influence, was in the field of V. A. Martynenko’ scientific interests. She made great contribution to the study of the Komi Republic meadow flora and the pool of medi­cinal plants. She performed inventorying and mapping the meadows of several agricultural enterprises of the Republic, revealed the species composition and places for harvesting medicinal plants and studied their productivity in the natural flora of the boreal zone. The results of her long-term studies were used for making the NPA system and the Red Book of the Komi Republic (1998 and 2009). Vera Antonovna participated in the research of the influence of placer gold mining and oil development on the natural ecosystems of the North, and developed the method of long-term monitoring of plant cover. Results of these works are of high practical value. V. A. Martynenko is an author and coauthor of more than 130 scientific publications. The most important jnes are «Flora of Northeast European USSR» (1974, 1976, and 1977), «Floristic composition of fodder lands of the Northeast Europe» (1989), «The forests of the Komi Republic» (1999), «Forestry of forest resources of the Komi Republic» (2000), «The list of flora of the Yugyd va national park» (2003), «The guide for vascular plants of the Syktyvkar and its vicinities» (2005), «Vascular plants of the Komi Republic» (2008), and «Resources of the natural flora of the Komi Republic» (2014). She also was an author of «Encyclopedia of the Komi Republic» (1997, 1999, and 2000), «Historical and cultural atlas of the Komi Republic» (1997), «Atlas of the Komi Republic» (2001, 2011). V. A. Martynenko made a great contribution to the development of the botanical investigations in the North. Since 1982, during more than 10 years, she was the head of the Department of the Institute of Biology. Three Ph. D. theses have been completed under her leadership. Many years, she worked actively in the Dissertation Council of the Institute of biology Komi Scientific Centre UrB RAS.  The death of Vera Antonovna Martynenko is a heavy and irretrievable loss for the staff of the Institute of Biology. The memory of Vera Antonovna will live in her numerous scientific works, the hearts of students and colleagues.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF NATIONAL AND FOREIGN SAMPLES OF COCKSFOOT GRASS IN THE NORTHERN REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
A. G. Tulinov ◽  
T. V. Kosolapova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
World Collection ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The cocksfoot grass is a valuable early ripe forage crop with good yield and excellent feed quality. It is used to create hayfields and pastures and is a component of grasslands of meadows of almost all regions of the Komi Republic. However, the expansion of varieties adapted to the soil and climate of the North needs this valuable crop. For this purpose from 2015 to 2018 there was the research of the varieties and wild populations of the cocksfoot grass of the world collection for further use in the creation of new adaptive varieties. The experiment took place in 2015 at the experimental field of the Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Komi Scientific Center, the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Syktyvkar). The soil of the plot is sod-podzol, medium loamy in granulometric composition. The collection of nursery-garden included 10 samples of the cocksfoot grass of various ecological and geographical origin. As a standard, the Neva variety was taken. The experiments were carried out using seedlings according to the scheme 80x50 cm, the plot area was 10 m2, four repetition. Varietal samples were evaluated by winter hardness, indicators of productivity of green mass and seeds. Meteorological conditions during the years of research allowed us to evaluate the winter hardness of the cocksfoot grass samples. As a result of evaluating 10 samples, wild-growing samples from the Komi Republic (42733, 43024, 45945) and Norway (41826) were distinguished for a number of economically valuable traits, characterized by high winter hardness, even germination and green mass productivity on average for 3 years - 21.523.7 t/ha, dry weight - 4.7-5.1 t/ha and seeds - 354-576 kg / ha. These samples provide valuable starting material for further breeding work.

scholarly journals Boko Haram Terrorism and a Threat to Right to Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Ayobami Samson Joshua
Keyword(s):  
Northern Region ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
The North ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
North And South

The government shall direct its policy towards giving to the citizens equal and adequate educational opportunities at all levels. Although, not classified as a fundamental right, this constitutional prescription remains at the forefront of the basic objectives of the Nigerian government; yet, despite this laudable objective, the Northern region of Nigeria has a consistent record of low enrolment rate of indigenous pupils in schools, thereby creating a noticeable disparity between the North and South of Nigeria in terms of education. It is against this background that this paper discusses the evolution, incidences and enabling circumstances of Boko Haram terrorism in Nigeria and its effects on education, particularly in the areas affected. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the long term consequences of the Boko Haram terrorism on the right to education, as guaranteed by the 1999 constitution, in the affected areas of Nigeria. The paper traces the origin and factors that aided the Boko Haram terrorism. It also considers the extent of the effectiveness of the response of the Nigerian government in tackling the problem. The findings prove that, although the response of the government has been active, yet it has not been effective in curtailing the terrorist activities. This has negatively impacted on education in the affected areas of the Northern Nigeria. The paper suggested measures to address the problem.

scholarly journals THE KEY FEATURES OF THE CURRENT CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 22-41
Author(s):  
S.A. Lysenko ◽  
◽  
I.V. Buyakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Potential Evaporation ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sum Of Active Temperatures

This paper investigates spatial and temporal features of the climate change in the Republic of Belarus during the period from 1960 to 2019. To accomplish this, we used data on daily average surface air temperature and applied decomposing the time series of these data with singular-spectrum analysis. We analyzed the principal components and long-term average anomalies of average annual, winter and summer air temperatures, the number of frosty days in the cold season and the number of winter days with thaws, the duration and heat supply of the growing season, as well as the frequency and intensity of heat waves. We also estimated the rates of moving the annual sum of active temperatures and the duration of the growing season from the south to the north of Belarus as a result of global warming. The ERA5 reanalysis estimates the spatial and temporal changes in the balance between annual rainfall and potential evaporation from 1980 to 2019. The average annual air temperature in 2000-2019 is shown to be exceeded the long-term average of this value by 1.8° C. The annual sum of active temperatures moves northward at an average speed of 120 km in 10 years with acceleration. Over the past 20 years, the rate of this displacement has doubled in comparison with the period 1980-2000. The length of the growing season moves from the south to the north at a speed of about 110 km per 10 years. It is shown that an increase in potential evaporation due to air warming when slightly changing annual amount of precipitation leads to aridization of the climate of Belarus emitting a reduction in the duration of the cold period with a simultaneous increase in the number of thaws does not contribute to the replenishment of water reserves during snowmelt. Additional damage to forestry and agriculture might be caused by heat waves, the frequency of which for 2000-2019 increased by a factor of 4 compared to the previous 20-year period. Additional damage to forestry and agriculture might be caused by heat waves, which frequency during last 19 years increased by a factor of 4 compared to the previous 20 years.

Ruins of the South

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo González-Ruibal
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Global Level ◽  
The South ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The North ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Post Industrial

The ruins of modernity are inevitably the ruins of the North. Actual or imagined ruined cities (the real Detroit or a post-apocalyptic London) are always Euro-American industrial or post-industrial metropolises (Vergara 1999; Woodward 2002; Edensor 2005; Jorgensen and Keenan 2012). These ruins are receiving growing attention by researchers, who often see them as metaphors of a diverse kind—including of our cultural anxieties and fears, of colonialism, capitalism, of the end of master narratives (Hell and Schönle 2010; Dillon 2011; Stoler 2013). They are also scrutinized by cultural heritage managers and politicians who try to transform them into spaces of memory, of leisure and consumption, or both. The post-industrial ruins of the South have received much less attention in recent debates on ruination, decay, recovery, and gentrification, although there are a few significant exceptions, most notably the work of Gordillo (2009, 2014) in Argentina and also Rodríguez Torrent et al. (2011, 2012) and Vilches (et al. 2008, 2011) in Chile. This is due to several reasons: one of them is the fact that southern urbanization and industrialization are usually perceived as a recent process. They are too young to have generated ruins: after all, none of the diverse southern ‘miracles’ of which economists speak (South-east Asian, Brazilian, African, and so on) dates from before the 1960s. It is well known that when companies do outsourcing, it is the so-called emerging economies that benefit from it: new factories for the South, new ruins for the North. Another reason is that the long-term process of modernity is still very much associated with Euro-American history. The rest of the globe is seen as having a later, incomplete, or surrogate modernity, as post-colonial historians have abundantly criticized (Chakrabarty 2000). In addition, the cultural and political conditions of the North have enabled the emergence of popular engagements with ruins, such as urban exploring or video games, that have made their processes of metropolitan ruination more conspicuous at a global level (Garrett 2013; Pétursdóttir and Olsen 2014: 4).

Temporal and Spatial Changes of the Agroclimate in Alberta, Canada, from 1901 to 2002

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1090-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. P. Shen ◽  
H. Yin ◽  
K. Cannon ◽  
A. Howard ◽  
S. Chetner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
The North ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Annual Total ◽  
Frost Free Period

Abstract This paper analyzes the long-term (1901–2002) temporal trends in the agroclimate of Alberta, Canada, and explores the spatial variations of the agroclimatic resources and the potential crop-growing area in Alberta. Nine agroclimatic parameters are investigated: May–August precipitation (PCPN), the start of growing season (SGS), the end of the growing season (EGS), the length of the growing season (LGS), the date of the last spring frost (LSF), the date of the first fall frost (FFF), the length of the frost-free period (FFP), growing degree-days (GDDs), and corn heat units (CHUs). The temporal trends in the agroclimatic parameters are analyzed by using linear regression. The significance tests of the trends are made by using Kendall’s tau method. The results support the following conclusions. 1) The Alberta PCPN has increased 14% from 1901 to 2002, and the increment is the largest in the north and the northwest of Alberta, then diminishes (or even becomes negative over two small areas) in central and southern Alberta, and finally becomes large again in the southeast corner of the province. 2) No significant long-term trends are found for the SGS, EGS, and LGS. 3) An earlier LSF, a later FFF, and a longer FFP are obvious all over the province. 4) The area with sufficient CHU for corn production, calculated according to the 1973–2002 normal, has extended to the north by about 200–300 km, when compared with the 1913–32 normal, and by about 50–100 km, when compared with the 1943–72 normal; this expansion implies that the potential exists to grow crops and raise livestock in more regions of Alberta than was possible in the past. The annual total precipitation follows a similar increasing trend to that of the May–August precipitation, and the percentile analysis of precipitation attributes the increase to low-intensity events. The changes of the agroclimatic parameters imply that Alberta agriculture has benefited from the last century’s climate change.

scholarly journals Interdecadal Variations of the East Asian Winter Monsoon in CMIP5 Preindustrial Simulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 559-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiapeng Miao ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Huijun Wang
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Climate System ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
Sst Anomalies

AbstractIn this study, focusing on the interdecadal time scale, we investigate the internal variability of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) using output from 19 coupled models’ long-term preindustrial control (piControl) simulations within phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Program (CMIP5). In total, we identify 53 cases of significant interdecadal weakening of the EAWM from these 19 piControl simulations. In most weakening cases, both the Siberian high and the East Asian trough are significantly weakened. The East Asian jet stream in the upper troposphere shifts poleward. Southerly wind anomalies are evident over East Asia in the lower troposphere. At the same time, both the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and the North Pacific Oscillation are in their positive phases. Associated anomalous anticyclonic circulation can be found over the North Pacific. Additionally, the North Pacific shows negative Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO)-like sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. In contrast, we also analyzed 49 cases of significant strengthening of the EAWM, and the atmospheric and oceanic anomalies show opposite signals with the weakening cases. This suggests that internal variabilities of the climate system can also cause interdecadal variations of the EAWM. In addition, the phase shifting of the AO is likely the main reason for the EAWM’s interdecadal variations in the unforced long-term simulations. Further numerical experiments using the Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CAM4), deny the causal relationship between the interdecadal variations of EAWM and PDO-like SST anomalies. This study also implies that the internal variabilities of the climate system could contribute to the observed interdecadal weakening of the EAWM around the mid-1980s.

scholarly journals ON VARIABILITY OF THE VEGETATION INDEX NDVI IN THE FOOTHILL AREAS OF THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS ACCORDING TO SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Evgeniy KAMENETSKY ◽  
◽  
Anatoliy RADIONOV ◽  
Vasiliy TIMCHENKO ◽  
Olga PANAETOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Data Series ◽  
The North ◽  
Ndvi Index ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
North Ossetia

The study of long-term climatic changes is carried out based on the data of the normalized relative vegetation index NDVI, which is a characteristic of phytobiomass and is used to describe the ecological situation, the amount of contamination and productivity of land. This theoretical work is based on the statistical and mathematical processing of MODIS satellite data (EOS Terra, Aqua), with the help of which the temporal and spatial variations of the NDVI vegetation index for the southern regions of the Russian Federation are studied. Several regions were selected, which located in mountainous or foothill areas on the territory of the North Ossetia-Alania, located in the central part of the North Caucasus. For each region, 20-year data series were obtained, each point of which is the NDVI index averaged over two weeks. With the help of these data series, the annual behavior of the NDVI index and its long-term variation are investigated, which shows the shift of a favorable growing season to an earlier period of the year. The annual integral characteristic of the NDVI index was used, which characterizes the long-term changes in the vegetation index in the studied regions. A statistical analysis of the series of integral characteristics was carried out, the parameters of linear regression were determined. The behavior of these characteristics for the foothill and lowland regions of North Ossetia-Alania indicates the presence of long-term trends in the changing conditions of the growing season. For the southern regions of the Russian Federation, observational data show a relationship between trends in NDVI changes with a long-term improvement in climatic conditions for plant vegetation and changes in conditions during cold periods of the year. This factor should be taken into account in economic activities in the southern regions of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Analysis of promising walnut forms for resistance to return frost

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Larisa Artyukhova
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Late Start

In the conditions of the central zone of the North Caucasian region of Russia, in recent years, a tendency has been noted to increase the negative impact of low-temperature stressors of the winter and spring periods on walnut plants (Juglans regia L). The purpose of the study is to identify the most valuable genotypes for creating walnut varieties with increased resistance to cold stress, promising for cultivation in the south of Russia. Modern programs and methods of breeding and variety study were used. The results of a long-term study (2019-2021) of collection samples of walnuts growing in the conditions of the central zone of the North Caucasus region are presented. Highlighted hybrid forms of walnut with an early start of the growing season: 17-2-41, 17-3-44, 17-2-35, 17-2-26 (from hybrid families Ideal f. p., I -Yu-50 f. p.); and especially valuable for breeding and production genotypes with a late start of the growing season: 17-3-48, 17-3-16, 17-3-22, 17-3-19 (Dachny f. p., Ya-B-84 f. p.). It has been established that all hybrid seedlings from families (Ideal f. p., Ya-Yu-50 f. p., Ya-Yu-40 f. p., Dachny f. p.) of walnut are moderately resistant to returnable spring Frost.

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