Utilização de Aditivos para Bovinos de Corte em Confinamento

Diante de grandes avanços em técnicas de nutrição, manejo, sanidade e melhoramento animal, o Brasil se consolidou líder em exportações de carnes. Assim, pesquisadores, técnicos e produtores têm procurado trabalhar em prol de melhorar a eficiência da fermentação ruminal, para aumentar a produção de propionato, e diminuir a metanogênese, a proteólise e a desaminação das proteínas do alimento no rúmen. Estas mudanças levam, positivamente, a melhoria na eficiência produtiva dos ruminantes. Essa eficiência pode ser alcançada através de melhorias nos índices zootécnicos, utilização e avaliação de raças mais produtivas aos diversos sistemas de produção utilizados no Brasil e, ainda, técnicas como a utilização de aditivos que são usados para melhorar a eficiência dos alimentos, estimulando o crescimento, e engorda dos animais dispostos, ou apenas para beneficiar, de alguma forma, a saúde e o metabolismo dos animais. Tentativas para alcançar a melhor eficiência são realizadas com técnicas de manipulação da dieta, assim, durante as últimas décadas, certo número de aditivos alimentares tem sido descoberto, e quando usados na alimentação dos ruminantes esses podem satisfazer alguns ou quase todos os objetivos em pesquisas. Sendo assim, a elaboração deste estudo se mostra necessária, buscando elucidar todos estes fatores preponderantes para a melhoria dos processos produtivos na nutrição de ruminantes. Palavras-chave: Nutrição de Ruminantes. Monoenzimas. Ionóforos. Abstract Considering major advances in nutrition, management techniques, and improving animal health, Brazil is a consolidated leader in meat exports. Thus, researchers, technicians and producers have sought to work towards improving the efficiency of ruminal fermentation, to increase the production of propionate, and decrease methanogenesis, proteolysis and the proteins deamination in food. This efficiency can be achieved through improvements in zootechnical indices, utilization and evaluation of more productive breeds to the various production systems used in Brazil, as well as techniques such as the use of additives that are used to improve food efficiency, stimulating growth, and fattening animals, or just to somehow benefit the animals’ health and metabolism. These changes lead, positively, to the improvement in ruminants’ production efficiency. Attempts to achieve the best efficiency are made with diet manipulation techniques, during the last decades a number of food additives have been discovered, and when used in the ruminants’ feeding can satisfy some or almost all the research objectives. Thus, this study is necessary, seeking to elucidate all these factors for the improvement of the production processes in ruminant nutrition. Keywords: Nutrition of Ruminants. Monoenzymes. Ionophores.

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Insects: a novel animal-feed protein source for the Australian market

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an19301 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (11) ◽

pp. 2037

Author(s):

K. DiGiacomo ◽

H. Akit ◽

B. J. Leury

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Production Systems ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Animal Health ◽

Food Additives ◽

Companion Animals ◽

Mass Rearing ◽

Scale Insect ◽

Insect Species ◽

Feed Conversion

The increasing demands on natural resources to provide food and feed has led to increased global initiatives to improve production sustainability and efficiency. The use of insects as an alternate source of protein for human food and production-animal feed is one such avenue gaining attention. With there being a large variety of insect species endemic to each region, there is likely to be an ideal candidate for each specific production system and region. Insects require less land and water than do terrestrial animals, have high feed-conversion efficiency (FCE) and emit low levels of greenhouse gases (GHG). Insect species currently investigated for mass production include black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), mealworms and crickets. In western societies, it is less likely that wide-scale adoption of insects as a food source will occur, although speciality products with ‘hidden’ insects, such as cricket flour, are commercially available. It is likely to be more achievable for insects to be included into the diets of production and companion animals. While there has been significant investment in research and development of large-scale insect-production systems, such facilities are yet to start producing at a significant scale. The safety and efficacy of insects as a food or feed must be established in conjunction with the development of mass rearing facilities and the optimisation of insect-rearing substrates. Insects also have nutraceutical properties that may have beneficial impacts on animal health and growth, with scope for these properties to be exploited as feed or food additives. The present review will explore the following question: ‘are insects a future livestock industry for Australia?’.

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Probiotic microorganisms and herbs in ruminant nutrition as natural modulators of health and production efficiency – a review

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2020-0081 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Maciej Bąkowski ◽

Bożena Kiczorowska

Keyword(s):

Production Efficiency ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Animal Health ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Production Capacity ◽

Immunological Response ◽

Production Performance ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Ruminant Nutrition ◽

Wide Range

AbstractProbiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, direct-fed microbials, and herbs may improve the production efficiency in ruminants. The beneficial effect of selected specific microbes on animal health is reflected in protection against pathogens, stimulation of immunological response, increased production capacity, and mitigation of stress effects. Phytobiotic plants used in the nutrition of ruminant animals increase feed palatability. This in turn has a positive effect on feed intake and, consequently, increases production performance. Pectins, terpenes, phenols, saponins, and antibiotic-like substances contained in phytobiotics prevent irritation, diarrhea, and increase the activity of digestive enzymes. Thanks to the abundance of biologically active substances such as flavonoids, glycosides, coumarins, carotenoids, polyphenols, etc., phytobiotics exhibit immunostimulatory and antioxidant properties as well. Given such a wide range of effects on health status and production parameters in animals, an attempt was made in this review to compile the current knowledge on the possible application of these natural growth stimulants in ruminant nutrition and to demonstrate their potential benefits and/or risks for breeding these animals.

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Microbiological analysis of popular spreads used in restaurants inside Dhaka city, Bangladesh

Stamford Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.3329/sjm.v10i1.50727 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 16-19

Author(s):

Tasnia Ahmed ◽

Md Aftab Uddin

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Peanut Butter ◽

Food Additives ◽

Microbiological Analysis ◽

Dhaka City ◽

Acceptable Result ◽

Fast Foods ◽

Public Consumption ◽

Viable Bacteria ◽

Almost All

Spreads are used widely for making the fast foods more amazing and tasty. Varieties and cross combinations of ingredients are used to make many flavours of fast foods. Different restaurants prepare their signature spreads for attracting people but this can cause opposite result if not prepared using high quality raw materials and proper hygienic conditions are not maintained. Current study was conducted on ten different types of spreads (pesto, cilantro, queso, tomato sauce, peanut butter, honey, mustard, cream cheese, chocolate sauce and butter) which are used by the local restaurants in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Almost all the samples (nine out of ten) harbored total viable bacteria exceeding the standard limit. Four spread samples showed high fungal count (102 cfu/gm). Four samples showed to be positive (˃101/ml recommended acceptable count) for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. which indicates that these spread cannot be recommended for public consumption. Among all the samples examined, only chocolate sauce showed acceptable result without the presence of coliforms, Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. This finding suggests proper maintenance of sanitation in spread preparation and selling area. A proper guidelines and monitoring can help keep up the quality of food additives. Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.10 (1) 2020: 16-19

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STEVIA PLANT - ALTERNATIVE SWEETNER IN FOOD TECHNOLOGY

Knowledge International Journal ◽

10.35120/kij28041213j ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 1213-1217

Author(s):

Jovana Džoljić ◽

Ljiljana Đorđević

Keyword(s):

Food Additives ◽

Functional Class ◽

World Health ◽

Food Technology ◽

Food Standards ◽

Safety Studies ◽

Negative Side Effects ◽

Health Organization ◽

Almost All ◽

Agricultural Organization

Food and Agricultural Organization as a “sweeteners” consider products used for sweetening derived from sugar crops, cereals, fruits or milk, or that are produced by insects. Sweeteners, as an additive, have important role for technological functions of food, especially in providing texture, bulk and color, and also as preservative agents. Regardless the numerous sweeteners, alternative sweeteners to sucrose are in main focus for implementation in food industry. Nowadays Food and Agricultural Organization and World Health Organization Food standards, Codex Alimentarius Commission (2018) accepted list of 27 food additives that have the functional class “sweetener”. Nowadays, alternative sweeteners and their application in food technology are in main focus of scientist. Stevia plant stands for one of the most important natural intense sweetener, since stevia glycosides are almost 400 times sweeter than sucrose. Extracts of stevia represents a powerful tool for reducing sugars in food and beverages, which can be acceptable substitutes to full sugar versions of this products. Regarding the data of Euromonitor international, new food products containing stevia grew 10% from 2016 to 2017. The biggest increment in stevia use was noticed in categories of snacks, juice drinks, dairy, carbonated soft drinks and confectionery. Barriocanal et al. (2008) highlighted that safety studies reported no negative side effects of stevia use. Can be expected that in recent future use of S. rebaudiana as sweetener would be extended to almost all the world’s countries, regarding all discovered beneficial health effects.

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Laying hen mortality in different indoor housing systems: a meta-analysis of data from commercial farms in 16 countries

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81868-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cynthia Schuck-Paim ◽

Elsa Negro-Calduch ◽

Wladimir J. Alonso

Keyword(s):

Production Systems ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Animal Health ◽

Laying Hen ◽

Egg Laying ◽

Housing Systems ◽

Commercial Farms ◽

Degree Of Maturity ◽

Using Data ◽

Average Drop

AbstractSocietal concern with the welfare of egg laying hens housed in conventional cages is fostering a transition towards cage-free systems in many countries. However, although cage-free facilities enable hens to move freely and express natural behaviours, concerns have also been raised over the possibility that cage-free flocks experience higher mortality, potentially compromising some aspects of their welfare. To investigate this possibility, we conducted a large meta-analysis of laying hen mortality in conventional cages, furnished cages and cage-free aviaries using data from 6040 commercial flocks and 176 million hens from 16 countries. We show that except for conventional cages, mortality gradually drops as experience with each system builds up: since 2000, each year of experience with cage-free aviaries was associated with a 0.35–0.65% average drop in cumulative mortality, with no differences in mortality between caged and cage-free systems in more recent years. As management knowledge evolves and genetics are optimized, new producers transitioning to cage-free housing may experience even faster rates of decline. Our results speak against the notion that mortality is inherently higher in cage-free production and illustrate the importance of considering the degree of maturity of production systems in any investigations of farm animal health, behaviour and welfare.

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The effect of food processing on the amount of trace elements and their bioavailability: a review

Journal of Food Safety and Hygiene ◽

10.18502/jfsh.v6i2.6520 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maral Neyestani ◽

Parisa Shavali Gilani ◽

Mohadeseh Fesahat ◽

Ebrahim Molaee-Aghaee ◽

Nabi Shariatifar

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Trace Metals ◽

Food Processing ◽

Food Production ◽

Food Additives ◽

Food Product ◽

Special Method ◽

Effect Of Food ◽

Almost All ◽

Main Factor

Trace elements are compounds that are essential in small amounts for biochemical reactions and to maintain human health. Almost all foods can contain varying amounts of these metals. In this study, the effects of food processing on the content of trace metals are investigated. Extensive interpretations of processing, including aspects of food production and specific examples of changes in metal content due to processing will be discussed. Pre-consumption food processing to improve rheological properties and increase shelf life is inevitable, which changes the bioavailability and amount of these compounds in different directions depending on the process. The amount of these trace metals in the food product can be affected by various conditions such as heating, fermentation, food additives, etc. The main factor in reducing trace elements in food, especially the use of heat in a special method and on the other hand, factors such as fermentation can also increase the bioavailability of these elements.

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Thaumetopoea processionea (oak processionary moth).

10.1079/cpc.53502.20210104900 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Claire Beverley

Keyword(s):

Animal Health ◽

European Countries ◽

Thaumetopoea Pityocampa ◽

Adult Males ◽

Processionary Moth ◽

Thaumetopoea Processionea ◽

Oak Trees ◽

Oak Processionary Moth ◽

The Uk ◽

Almost All

Abstract T. processionea, commonly known as the oak processionary moth, is a major pest in many European countries and threatens the health of oak trees. The common and scientific names of T. processionea refer to the behaviour of the larvae to form long processions. The larvae cause severe defoliation, reducing the viability of oak trees. They also pose a risk to both human and animal health because they shed poisonous hairs, which can result in severe allergic reactions, amongst other health problems. The moth is native to central and southern Europe but is now present in almost all European countries and also in parts of the Middle East. EPPO issued a Pest Risk Analysis in 2007 for the UK in response to infestations of the species in Europe from 2006. At this time, infestations of the moth were observed on a range of oak (Quercus) species in London. The adult males are strong fliers and can fly long distances, such as from France to the UK (Evans, 2007). Host plants of this pest include many species of deciduous Quercus, and to a much lesser degree, Betula, Carpinus, Castanea, Corylus, Crataegus, Robinia and Fagus; plants commonly found in forests, woods or ornamental plantations in the UK, for example (Evans, 2007). Therefore, areas where these plants are present and offer a suitable climate for pest development are likely to be under threat from T. processionea. Various pines have been reported as hosts, but such records are suspect and are probably the result of confusion with the pine processionary (Thaumetopoea pityocampa).

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A Comparison between Conventional Tilled and Bicropped Winter Wheat Grown in Monoculture over Four Years

Sustainable Agriculture Research ◽

10.5539/sar.v5n1p24 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 24

Author(s):

J. M. Finnan ◽

J. I. Burke ◽

T. M. Thomas

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Nitrogen Uptake ◽

White Clover ◽

Production Efficiency ◽

Production Systems ◽

External Input ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

N Application ◽

Grain Yields ◽

A Site

A four year experiment was conducted at a site in the south-east of Ireland in which medium and high input conventional winter wheat production systems were compared to no input and low input systems in which winter wheat was direct drilled into an understory of white clover. Whole crop and grain yields from all systems were strongly related to external input levels, yields from bicropped treatments were poor. Nitrogen uptake and grain yields from the conventional treatments declined during the course of the study whereas nitrogen uptake and yields from bicropped treatments were more stable. Fertiliser N application significantly depressed biological production efficiency and altered biomass partitioning. The proportion of biomass partitioned to the stem decreased with fertiliser N, differences between treatments persisted until final harvest. Although the clover sward was still present in the fourth year, this component of the bicrop was gradually replaced by weeds as the experiment progressed in spite of several attempts to control weeds. It is suggested that further research is needed to identify a clover management strategy which ensures the persistence of the white clover sward and allows it to enrich soil fertility in such a way as to be of benefit to the accompanying wheat crop.

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Invited review: Importance of animal health and welfare for the stability of the three pillars of sustainability of livestock systems

Advances in Animal Biosciences ◽

10.1017/s2040470016000145 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 208-214

Author(s):

P. Chemineau

Keyword(s):

Animal Welfare ◽

Production Systems ◽

Animal Health ◽

Holistic Approach ◽

Population Increase ◽

Strong Interactions ◽

Essential Components ◽

The Future ◽

The Stability ◽

Livestock Systems

The future livestock systems at the world level will have to produce more in the perspective of the population increase in the next 30 years, whereas reducing their environmental footprint and addressing societal concerns. In that perspective, we may wonder if animal health and animal welfare, which are two essential components of production systems, may play an important role in the stability of the three pillars of sustainability of the livestock systems. We already know that objectives driven by economy, environment and society may modify animal welfare and animal health, but is the reverse true? The answer is yes and in 11 cases out of 12 of the matrix health-welfare×3 pillars of sustainability×positive or negative change, we have many examples indicating that animal health and animal welfare are able to modify, positively or negatively, the three pillars of sustainability. Moreover, we also have good examples of strong interactions between health and welfare. These elements play in favour of an holistic approach at the farm level and of a multicriterial definition of what could be the sustainable systems of animal production in the future which will respect animal welfare and maintain a good animal health.

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Plan Estratégico de Modernización Tecnológica de la Ganadería Colombiana

Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria ◽

10.21930/rcta.vol1_num1_art:153 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 52 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Germán Afanador

Keyword(s):

Production Systems ◽

Animal Health ◽

Business Management ◽

Agricultural Technology ◽

Management Tool ◽

Forage Production ◽

Inappropriate Use ◽

Technological Modernization ◽

Interactive Relationship ◽

The Government

El Plan de Modernización Tecnológica de la Ganadería Colombiana es el resultado de la concertación entre los productores ganaderos a través de su gremio cúpula, FEDEGAN y de gremios y productores regionales el Gobierno Nacional a través del Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, el Departamento Nacional de Planeación, COLCIENCIAS y CORPOICA y expresa una nueva manera de concebir la innovación tecnológica agropecuaria. Por otra parte, como instrumento de gestión tecnológica promueve el cierre de la brecha tradicional entre la investigación y la adopción de tecnología a través de un mayor contacto y relación interactiva entre investigadores y productores a través de escenarios tecnológicos que reflejan primero, el análisis de la problemática de los sistemas de producción ganaderos predominantes en áreas como: la estacionalidad de la producción de forrajes, el uso inapropiado del recurso genético, los bajos planos nutricionales y de alimentación animal, la degradación de praderas, los problemas de salud animal, la baja calidad de los productos e ineficiencia en los procesos de transformación y de gestión empresarial y segundo una estrategia de acción específica en: fincas, empresas ganaderas, centros de investigación y microrregiones. Strategic Technology Modernization Plan of Livestock ColombianaTechnological Modernization Plan of Livestock Colombiana is the result of consultation between livestock producers through its dome guild , guilds FEDEGAN and regional producers and the Government through the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, the National Department of planning and CORPOICA COLCIENCIAS and expresses a new way of thinking about agricultural technology innovation . Moreover, as technology management tool promotes closing the traditional gap between research and technology adoption through greater contact and interactive relationship between researchers and farmers through technological scenarios that reflect first analysis problems of livestock production systems prevalent in areas such as the seasonality of forage production , inappropriate use of genetic resources , low nutrition and feed levels , degradation of grasslands, animal health problems , low quality products and inefficiency in processing and business management and strategy second specific action : farms , livestock enterprises , research centers and micro.

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