scholarly journals Vocational and Social Activation of People with Disabilities in the Modern Labor Market – Vocational Development Centers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 95-111
Author(s):  
Beata Łubianka ◽  
Katarzyna Mariańczyk
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Vocational Development ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Local Labor Market ◽  
Current State

The article is for an overview. It presents the issues of vocational rehabilitation of people with disabilities on the example of vocational development centers. Th work is based on publications about vocational development centers from the last ten years. Th purpose of the article is to present the current state of functioning of vocational development centers as one of the contemporary forms of professional activation of disabled people in Poland. Th social, legal and organizational aspects of the activity of vocational development centers were analyzed, with particular reference to the local labor market of the Lublin Voivodeship.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah F. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Good Citizenship ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Paid Labor

By the 1920s, people with many different types and origins of disabilities—from tuberculosis and feeble-mindedness to amputations and blindness—had been pushed out of the paid labor market and, thereby, edged out from “good citizenship.” Most people with disabilities kept on working, although their labors were rarely recognized or compensated as such. The “problem” of disability, however, lay not in the actual bodies of disabled people, but rather in the meanings assigned to those impairments by employers and policy makers, as well as how those meanings intersected with shifting family capacities, a rapidly changing workplace, public policies aimed at discouraging dependency, and the complexity and mutability of disability itself....

Saving the Human Wreckage Cast on the Industrial Scrap Heap

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah F. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Protestant Work Ethic ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Paid Labor ◽  
The Protestant Work Ethic ◽  
Disabled Workers ◽  
Congenital Disabilities

As workers with a wide array of both acquired and congenital disabilities lost access to the paid labor market, legislators and reformers began to search for a way to return people with disabilities to productivity and self-support. Influenced by the Protestant work ethic and the long-standing association of dependency with poor citizenship, rehabilitators tended to focus more on restoring their clients’ putatively damaged morality than on determining how to integrate disabled people into the wage labor market. Nevertheless, vocational rehabilitation programs did offer some disabled people and their families modest incomes during times of considerable stress. Chapter 6 traces the emergence of Goodwill Industries and the ways in which its sheltered workshops replicated mainstream employers’ use of piecework and concerns with efficiency—dynamics that led managers to exclude many disabled workers as too inefficient. Due to the complexity of disability and the ways that it intersected with age, gender, and family status, few clients moved into the outside labor force.

Disabled people and the labor market in the 1950s: the Japanese experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mai Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Public Support ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Labor Market Participation ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Labor Policies ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Active Debate

Abstract Outbreaks of war create large numbers of disabled people. After Japan's defeat in World War II, the Japanese government, under the policy of GHQ, began to create labor policies for disabled soldiers and the general disabled. However, historical research on the labor market participation of the disabled in Japan has not progressed. This study examines the job placement program for the physically disabled in the immediate postwar period. The end of the war encouraged the participation of people with disabilities in the labor market. In the early 1950s, the Ministry of Labor actively tried to find jobs for the disabled to improve the lives of disabled soldiers and bring new labor market participation to disabled people. This research revealed an active debate on whether the participation of disabled people in the labor market should be promoted by coercive state policies requiring companies to hire people with disabilities or by public support. Through analysis of the labor market for disabled people in 1950s, we will provide hints for deeper thinking about who the workers are and what it means to work in our society.

Sytuacja zawodowa osób niepełnosprawnych w Polsce – regulacje prawne

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogusława Kaczor-Pyter ◽  
Paweł Januszewicz
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
The Right ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Incomplete Performance ◽  
Special Protection

The situation of people with disabilities on the labor market varies and depends on a number of problems depending both on the situation and the degree of their disability, the employer and the wider environment. The work presents issues related to the employment of disabled people both in the open and protected labor market. It also considers number of benefits resulting from the creation and adaptation of the workplace for a person with incomplete performance on the open labor market based on legal provisions in this area. Many people with disabilities work or want to work professionally despite health restrictions, drawing satisfaction from it. Professional work is a significant source of income, it is a basic factor of economic independence that favors the integration of disabled people into society, and above all it is the process of vocational rehabilitation. Work gives you the chance to become independent, improve your standard of living, enhance your values and raise your prestige. The possibility to guarantee people with disabilities the right to work in favorable conditions and on an equal basis without discrimination has become one of the basic guidelines for the employment policy of the disabled. The provisions of the law both Polish and EU under special protection include: working time, additional breaks at work, the right to leave and layoffs for the time of performing the necessary tests – treated as privileges of the disabled during employment.

scholarly journals Indicators of the need of disabled people for vocational rehabilitation activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Marina V. Goryainova ◽  
Lyudmila A. Karasaeva ◽  
Aminat A. Nurova ◽  
Olga N. Petrova ◽  
Elena M. Ugleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Regional Labor Market ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Disability Group ◽  
Primary Disability ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual

BACKGROUND: In the system of medical and social expertise and rehabilitation of disabled people, the solution of issues of employment, socialization, improvement of the level and quality of their life becomes obviously relevant. AIMS: To study and analyze the needs of disabled people in vocational rehabilitation, including employment and the creation of special jobs, in a comparative aspect - in St. Petersburg and the Russian Federation. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The materials of the study were data from Rosstat of Russia, official state statistical reporting: Forms 7-sobes "Information on medical and social expertise of persons aged 18 and older" for 20152019. RESULTS: The article analyzes the indicators of primary disability and the needs of disabled people in vocational rehabilitation activities based on the study of the individual rehabilitation or habilitation program (IPRA) for disabled people in Saint Petersburg and the Russian Federation in dynamics over five years (20152019). An analysis of the needs for vocational rehabilitation measures, taking into account its structure in IPRA (vocational guidance and employment) and the disability group, was carried out. Since the greatest difficulties arise in the selection and organization of jobs for people with disabilities of groups I and II, the needs of people with disabilities in creating a special workplace have been studied. The necessity of solving organizational, methodological, and financial issues when creating special jobs for the disabled is emphasized. CONCLUSION: The implementation of the state program "Accessible environment" and its subprograms aimed at creating models of employment of disabled people in the regions of the Russian Federation requires taking into account the territorial characteristics of the prevalence of primary disability and the specifics of the regional labor market in the employment of disabled people.

scholarly journals Employment of Disabled People in Russian Regions: Status, Differentiation, Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
O. V. Kuchmaeva
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Status Differentiation

Purpose of the research. Employment of disabled people can be considered as a kind of reserve of the labor potential of the population in the conditions of aging and reduction of the population of working age. The purpose of the article is to consider the regional differentiation of employment of disabled people, to identify factors that affect the level of their employment and typological groups of Russian regions depending on the situation in the field of employment of disabled people.Materials and methods. The article is based on data on official disability for 2012-2019 and employment of disabled people, reflected in the system of state statistical accounting, as well as sample surveys of Rosstat. In addition, we used data on employment of disabled people from the Federal register of disabled people, which is operated by the Pension Fund of Russia.The conclusions of the article are based on the results of statistical analysis of data using descriptive statistics methods, calculation of nonparametric criteria (Tau-b Kendall) to assess differences in the distributions of indicators that characterize the socio-economic status of disabled people, as well as cluster analysis to identify typological groups of regions in terms of the situation in the employment of disabled people.Results. More than half of Russian disabled people are over the age of 60 (58.9% at the beginning of 2020). Age structure of disabled people affects their employment. People with disabilities do not feel in demand in the labor market. The share of employed (working) disabled people in Russia is 14.9% (2019). The employment rate of disabled people in the regions varies significantly – from 7.2% to 29.2%. Moreover, in 75 Russian regions, the share of working disabled does not exceed 20% of their number. The result of a cluster analysis based on data describing the employment of disabled people in the context of Russian regions in 2019 was the division of 85 regions of Russia into 4 clusters. There is a certain correlation between variables such as the percentage of disabled people working and the percentage of disabled people in employment, and the level of poverty in the regions. The share of disabled people among all employed in the region is related to the level of wages in the region and the amount of disability pensions.Conclusion. The small size of the disability pension encourages the employment of disabled people. In regions where the level of poverty is relatively low, even with high wages, employment of disabled people is minimal, due to both higher levels of social guarantees and competition between disabled/non-disabled people for jobs.The calculations show that, if appropriate conditions are created, the share of employed persons with disabilities among all disabled people may increase, which will attract from 33.5 thousand employees to 611.5 thousand employees to the labor market. Increasing employment for people with disabilities is important for the well-being of people with disabilities, as well as for the state and society.

ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS OF CREATION AND FUNCTIONING OF A BARRIER-FREE ENVIRONMENT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Marova ◽  
◽  
Ulyana Tokareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Social Services ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Free Environment

Іn the article deals, that the creation of an inclusive environment is an important priority of modern public policy, which considers the issues of accessibility, protection of the rights of people with disabilities and equal opportunities in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals until 2030. It has been proved that for the implementation of organizational measures for physical disability, it is necessary to ensure the implementation of the concept of universal design and reasonable adaptation, transport accessibility, and the implementation of new building codes. Local authorities should adopt special programs and create an inclusive environment for everyone, including children, women, the elderly, representatives of other groups, realizing their rights to individual adaptation, assistive devices, and a comfortable public space. It is noted that an important area that covers a significant range of organizational issues is economic inclusion. Economic inclusion means providing conditions and opportunities for employment, obtaining financing for entrepreneurship, developing social entrepreneurship, and vocational rehabilitation for all groups of citizens. It has been established that in a pandemic, more attention should be paid to organizing vocational rehabilitation for persons who have lost contact with the labor market or persons who need additional protection in the labor market. The importance of information inclusion and the development of appropriate state standards of social services for the translation of sign speech, accompanying persons with visual impairments, accompanying people with disabilities in employment and social and labor adaptation has been substantiated.The conditions for the development of rehabilitation services in accordance with the requirements of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities are considered. It is proved that the main directions of development of the system of rehabilitation services in Ukraine require an integrated approach in connection with the medical reform in the country. To implement organizational measures, public authorities need to constantly monitor compliance with the standards of accessibility. It is necessary to reform the legislation on the employment of people with disabilities and strengthen the work of state bodies in the field of employment.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Labor Market Situation of People with Disabilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (336) ◽  
pp. 157-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Zofia Jabłońska‑Porzuczek ◽  
Sławomir Marcin Kalinowski
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Total Population ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Market Situation

People with disabilities belong to a social group at risk of poverty. In their daily lives, they face prejudice and obstacles in the labor market. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and assess the labor market situation of people with disabilities which, according to data analysis, is much more difficult than that of persons without disabilities. In 2010–2016, the activity rate of disabled people was, on average, by 39 percentage points lower compared to the total population. The disadvantageous situation of disabled people is impacted by frequent amendments to legal regulations. Over recent years, the changes in the area of subsidized employment have contributed to an increase in employment of disabled people in the open labor market, accompanied by a decrease in employment figures in sheltered workshops.

Current State, Trends and Prospects of the Labor Market in the Nizhniy Novgorod Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
M.E. Ozeryanik ◽  
◽  
E.V. Dabakhova ◽  
A.A. Serov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Current State
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