scholarly journals Features of Monitoring Patients with Primary and Advanced Stages of Glaucoma in Krasnodar Territory

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
A. S. Apostolova ◽  
A. V. Malyshev ◽  
K. M. Gurdzhijan ◽  
V. A. Shipilov ◽  
N. N. Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Combination ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Anterior Eye Segment ◽  
Peripheral Iridectomy ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Primary Glaucoma ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Effective Drugs

Purpose: to analyze the monitoring of patients with primary and advanced stages of glaucoma, who applied to the private clinic “Tri-Z” (Krasnodar).Patients and Methods. A total of 3 524 patients underwent screening with a diagnosis of glaucoma for all over 2018 at the clinic, of which 55.6 % were diagnosed with primary and advanced glaucoma. The criterion for inclusion in the study was primary glaucoma of the initial and advanced stages, elimination criteria: high degree of refraction errors, retinal detachment in anamnesis, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, AMD exudative forms, congenital forms of glaucoma, secondary types of glaucoma.Results: The average age of patients was 68.44 ± 8.142 years, women were 71 %, men — 29 %. The average duration of glaucomatous history was 3.48 ± 3.525 years. POAG was found in 85.3 % of cases, PACG in 14.7 % of cases. Glaucoma without concomitant PEX was observed in 44.7 % cases, with signs of PEX in 55.3 % cases. In stage I of glaucoma, the majority of patients (42.7 %) received APG and in 27.1 % cases a fixed combination of ICA + BB. In stage II glaucoma, the majority of patients (26.5 %) received a fixed combination of ICA + BB, in 18.8 % of cases, the combination of APG + ICA + BB and in 17.7 % — APG. The share of laser interventions: LTP — 14.7 %, SLT — 4.1 %, peripheral iridectomy — 10 %, YAG-GP — 0.8 %, SLT + YAG-GP — 0.8 %, peripheral iridectomy + SLT — 0.5 %. The share of surgical interventions: at glaucoma stage I non-penetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS) — 3.4 %; at stage II NPDS — 10.9 %, repeated NPDS — 0.5 %, deepsclerectomy — 2.2 %; phacoemulsification + IOL — 21.9 % of cases.Conclusion: In the study, we noted the following features: use, including as a starting therapy, effective drugs or their combinations; the preferred use of fixed combinations; prioritization of non-preservative therapy; high frequency of laser interventions in the anterior eye segment; use of peripheral laser iridectomy in the overwhelming majority of cases when PACG is detected; early transition to surgical treatment.

Identification of biomarkers and functional modules from genomic data in stage-wise breast cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athira K ◽  
Vrinda C ◽  
Sunil Kumar P V ◽  
Gopakumar G
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Differential Expression Analysis ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Functional Modules ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Multiple Stages

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women across the world, with high incidence and mortality rates. Being a heterogeneous disease, gene expression profiling based analysis plays a significant role in understanding breast cancer. Since expression patterns of patients belonging to the same stage of breast cancer vary considerably, an integrated stage-wise analysis involving multiple samples is expected to give more comprehensive results and understanding of breast cancer. Objective: The objective of this study is to detect functionally significant modules from gene co-expression network of cancerous tissues and to extract prognostic genes related to multiple stages of breast cancer. Methods: To achieve this, a multiplex framework is modelled to map the multiple stages of breast cancer, which is followed by a modularity optimization method to identify functional modules from it. These functional modules are found to enrich many Gene Ontology terms significantly that are associated with cancer. Result and Discussion: predictive biomarkers are identified based on differential expression analysis of multiple stages of breast cancer. Conclusion: Our analysis identified 13 stage-I specific genes, 12 stage-II specific genes, and 42 stage-III specific genes that are significantly regulated and could be promising targets of breast cancer therapy. That apart, we could identify 29, 18 and 26 lncRNAs specific to stage I, stage II and stage III respectively.

Cardiac transthyretin wild-type amyloidosis (ATTRwt): a prospective study of 400 patients followed at the Italian referral center

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Milani ◽  
L Obici ◽  
R Mussinelli ◽  
M Basset ◽  
G Manfrinato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Staging Systems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Cardiac wild type transthyretin (ATTRwt) amyloidosis, formerly known as senile systemic amyloidosis, is an increasingly recognized, progressive, and fatal cardiomyopathy. Two biomarkers staging systems were proposed based on NT-proBNP (in both cases) and troponin or estimated glomerular filtration rate, that are able to predict survival in this population. The availability of novel effective treatments requires large studies to describe the natural history of the disease in different populations. Objective To describe the natural history of the disease in a large, prospective, national series. Methods Starting in 2007, we protocolized data collection in all the patients diagnosed at our center (n=400 up to 7/2019). Results The referrals to our center increased over time: 5 cases (1%) between 2007–2009, 33 (9%) in 2010–2012, 90 (22%) in 2013–2015 and 272 (68%) in 2016–2019. Median age was 76 years [interquartile range (IQR): 71–80 years] and 372 patients (93%) were males. One hundred and seventy-three (43%) had atrial fibrillation, 63 (15%) had a history of ischemic cardiomyopathy and 64 (15%) underwent pacemaker or ICD implantation. NYHA class was I in 58 subjects (16%), II in 225 (63%) and III in 74 (21%). Median NT-proBNP was 3064 ng/L (IQR: 1817–5579 ng/L), troponin I 0.096 ng/mL (IQR: 0.063–0.158 ng/mL), eGFR 62 mL/min (IQR: 50–78 mL/min). Median IVS was 17 mm (IQR: 15–19 mm), PW 16 mm (IQR: 14–18 mm) and EF 53% (IQR: 45–57%). One-hundred and forty-eight subjects (37%) had a concomitant monoclonal component in serum and/or urine and/or an abnormal free light chain ratio. In these patients, the diagnosis was confirmed by immunoelectron microscopy or mass spectrometry. In 252 (63%) the diagnosis was based on bone scintigraphy. DNA analysis for amyloidogenic mutations in transthyretin and apolipoprotein A-I genes was negative in all subjects. The median survival of the whole cohort was 59 months. The Mayo Clinic staging based on NT-proBNP (cutoff: 3000 ng/L) and troponin I (cutoff: 0.1 ng/mL) discriminated 3 different groups [stage I: 131 (35%), stage II: 123 (32%) and stage III: 127 (33%)] with different survival between stage I and II (median 86 vs. 81 months, P=0.04) and between stage II and III (median 81 vs. 62 months, P<0.001). The UK staging system (NT-proBNP 3000 ng/L and eGFR 45 mL/min), discriminated three groups [stage I: 170 (45%), stage II: 165 (43%) and stage III: 45 (12%)] with a significant difference in survival: between stage I and stage II (86 vs. 52 months, P<0.001) and between stage II and stage III (median survival 52 vs. 33 months, P=0.045). Conclusions This is one of the largest series of patients with cardiac ATTRwt reported so far. Referrals and diagnoses increased exponentially in recent years, One-third of patients has a concomitant monoclonal gammopathy and needed tissue typing. Both the current staging systems offered good discrimination of staging and were validated in our independent cohort. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Incidence and Severity of Nasal Injuries in Preterm Infants Associated to Non-Invasive Ventilation Using Short Binasal Prong

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110104
Author(s):  
Débora de Fátima Camillo Ribeiro ◽  
Frieda Saicla Barros ◽  
Beatriz Luci Fernandes ◽  
Adriane Muller Nakato ◽  
Percy Nohama
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Nasal Injury ◽  
Cause And Effect Diagram

Short binasal prongs can cause skin and mucosal damage in the nostrils of preterm infants. The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence and severity of nasal injuries in preterm infants during the use of short binasal prongs as non-invasive ventilation (NIV) interfaces. A prospective observational study was carried out in the public hospital in a Southern Brazil. The incidence and severity of internal and external nasal injuries were evaluated in 28 preterm infants who required NIV using short binasal prongs for more than 24 hours. In order to identify possible causes of those nasal injuries, the expertise researcher physiotherapist has been carried empirical observations, analyzed the collected data, and correlated them to the literature data. A cause and effect diagram was prepared to present the main causes of the nasal injury occurred in the preterm infants assessed. The incidence of external nasal injuries was 67.86%, and internal ones 71.43%. The external nasal injuries were classified as Stage I (68.42%) and Stage II (31.58%). All the internal injuries had Stage II. The cause and effect diagram was organized into 5 categories containing 17 secondary causes of nasal injuries. There was a high incidence of Stage II-internal nasal injury and Stage I-external nasal injury in preterm infants submitted to NIV using prongs. The injuries genesis can be related to intrinsic characteristics of materials, health care, neonatal conditions, professional competence, and equipment issues.

scholarly journals Clinical Application of Novel Therapies for Coronary Angiogenesis: Overview, Challenges, and Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3722
Author(s):  
Mohamed Sabra ◽  
Catherine Karbasiafshar ◽  
Ahmed Aboulgheit ◽  
Sidharth Raj ◽  
M. Ruhul Abid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular System ◽  
Therapeutic Angiogenesis ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Coronary Angiogenesis

Cardiovascular diseases continue to be the leading cause of death worldwide, with ischemic heart disease as the most significant contributor. Pharmacological and surgical interventions have improved clinical outcomes, but are unable to ameliorate advanced stages of end-heart failure. Successful preclinical studies of new therapeutic modalities aimed at revascularization have shown short lasting to no effects in the clinical practice. This lack of success may be attributed to current challenges in patient selection, endpoint measurements, comorbidities, and delivery systems. Although challenges remain, the field of therapeutic angiogenesis is evolving, as novel strategies and bioengineering approaches emerge to optimize delivery and efficacy. Here, we describe the structure, vascularization, and regulation of the vascular system with particular attention to the endothelium. We proceed to discuss preclinical and clinical findings and present challenges and future prospects in the field.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Study on the Use of Xylit as Filter Material for Domestic Wastewater Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5281
Author(s):  
Marcin Spychała ◽  
Tadeusz Nawrot ◽  
Radosław Matz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Filter Material ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Preliminary Stage ◽  
Wastewater Quality

The aim of the study was to verify two morphological forms (“angel hair” and “scraps”) of xylit as a trickling filter material. The study was carried out on two types of polluted media: septic tank effluent (STE) and seminatural greywater (GW). The basic wastewater quality indicators, namely, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonium nitrogen (NNH4), and total phosphorus (Ptot) were used as the indicators of treatment efficiency. Filtering columns filled with the investigated material acted as conventional trickling filters at a hydraulic load of 376–472 cm3/d during the preliminary stage, 198–245 cm3/d during stage I, and 184–223 cm3/d during stage II. The removal efficiency of the two morphological forms of xylit did not differ significantly. The average efficiencies of treatment were as follows: for COD, over 70, 80, and 85% for preliminary stage, stage I and stage II, respectively; for BOD5, 77–79% (preliminary stage); for TSS, 42% and 70% during the preliminary stage, and 88, 91, and 65% during stage I; for NNH4, 97–99% for stage I and 36–49% for stage II; for Ptot, 51–54% for stage I and 52–56% for stage II. The study demonstrated that xylit was a material highly effective in wastewater quality indicators removal, even during the initial period of its use.

scholarly journals Gastric Cancer Treatments and Survival Trends in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-151
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Stahl ◽  
Elizabeth J. Olecki ◽  
Matthew E. Dixon ◽  
June S. Peng ◽  
Madeline B. Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Specific Guideline ◽  
Kaplan Meier

Gastric cancer is the third most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Despite evidence-based recommendation for treatment, the current treatment patterns for all stages of gastric cancer remain largely unexplored. This study investigates trends in the treatments and survival of gastric cancer. The National Cancer Database was used to identify gastric adenocarcinoma patients from 2004–2016. Chi-square tests were used to examine subgroup differences between disease stages: Stage I, II/III and IV. Multivariate analyses identified factors associated with the receipt of guideline concordant care. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to assess three-year overall survival. The final cohort included 108,150 patients: 23,584 Stage I, 40,216 Stage II/III, and 44,350 Stage IV. Stage specific guideline concordant care was received in only 73% of patients with Stage I disease and 51% of patients with Stage II/III disease. Patients who received guideline consistent care had significantly improved survival compared to those who did not. Overall, we found only moderate improvement in guideline adherence and three-year overall survival during the 13-year study time period. This study showed underutilization of stage specific guideline concordant care for stage I and II/III disease.

Single Ventricle Palliation in a Developing Sub-Saharan African Country: What Should be Improved?

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdano Manuel ◽  
Humberto Morais ◽  
Aida L. R. Turquetto ◽  
Gade Miguel ◽  
Leonardo A. Miana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
African Country ◽  
Single Ventricle ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Lost To Follow Up ◽  
Single Ventricle Palliation

Introduction: Single ventricle physiology management is challenging, especially in low-income countries. Objective: To report the palliation outcomes of single ventricle patients in a developing African country. Methods: We retrospectively studied 83 consecutive patients subjected to single ventricle palliation in a single center between March 2011 and December 2017. Preoperative data, surgical factors, postoperative results, and survival outcomes were analyzed. The patients were divided by palliation stage: I (pulmonary artery banding [PAB] or Blalock–Taussig shunt [BTS]), II (Glenn procedure), or III (Fontan procedure). Results: Of the 83 patients who underwent palliation (stages I-III), 38 deaths were observed (31 after stage I, six after stage II, and one after stage III) for an overall mortality of 45.7%. The main causes of operative mortality were multiple organ dysfunction due to sepsis, shunt occlusion, and cardiogenic shock. Twenty-eight survivors were lost to follow-up (22 after stage I, six after stage II). Thirteen stage II survivors are still waiting for stage III. The mean follow-up was 366 ± 369 days. Five-year survival was 28.4 % for PAB and 30.1% for BTS, while that for stage II and III was 49.8% and 57.1%, respectively. Age (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval: 0.47-0.7; P = .000) and weight at surgery (hazard ratio, 0.45; 95% confidence interval: 0.31-0.64; P = .002) impacted survival. Conclusion: A high-mortality rate was observed in this initial experience, mainly in stage I patients. A large number of patients were lost to follow-up. A task force to improve outcomes is urgently required.

scholarly journals Impact of the Number of Dissected Lymph Nodes on Survival for Gastric Cancer after Distal Subtotal Gastrectomy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Ming Huang ◽  
Jian-Xian Lin ◽  
Chao-Hui Zheng ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Jian-Wei Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Distal Gastrectomy ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Term Survival

Objectives. To investigate the prognostic impact of the number of dissected lymph nodes (LNs) in gastric cancer after curative distal gastrectomy.Methods. The survival of 634 patients who underwent curative distal gastrectomy from 1995 to 2004 was retrieved. Long-term surgical outcomes and associations between the number of dissected LNs and the 5-year survival rate were investigated.Results. The number of dissected LNs was one of the most important prognostic indicators. Among patients with comparable T category, the larger the number of dissected LNs was, the better the survival would be (). The linear regression showed that a significant survival improvement based on increasing retrieved LNs for stage II, III and IV (). A cut-point analysis yields the greatest variance of survival rate difference at the levels of 15 LNs (stage I), 25 LNs (stage II) and 30 LNs (stage III).Conclusion. The number of dissected LNs is an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer. To improve the long-term survival of patients with gastric cancer, removing at least 15 LNs for stage I, 25 LNs for stage II, and 30 LNs for stage III patients during curative distal gastrectomy is recommended.

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