scholarly journals Changes in cellular and humoral regulation of immunity in patients with bronchial asthma under treatment with interferon inductor tiloron

2008 ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
G. N. Shemetova ◽  
V. M. Koblov ◽  
N. B. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Interferon Inductor

Changes in serum concentrations of interferon-γ (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-4 (IL-4), immunoglobulin Е (IgE), С-reactive protein and in clinical status of patients with virus-induced exacerbation of bronchial asthma were studied before and after treatment with basic medications and interferon inductor tiloron. A positive influence of Tiloron on clinical signs and immunologic parameters, such as IL-4, TNF-α, INF-γ, IgE, and С-reactive protein, was found in 95 % of patients with moderate asthma. Thus, serum concentrations of these biomarkers in asthma patients could be used as an index of inflammatory response reflecting severity of the pathology and as an important criterion to choose the individual treatment.

Allergic Rhinitis

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 323-328
Author(s):  
Frank S. Virant
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Allergic Patient ◽  
The United States ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Primary Defect ◽  
Primary Focus

Epidemiology Allergic rhinitis affects as many as 8% to 10% of children in the United States. Many of these children suffer significant morbidity, leading to millions of lost school days annually. Morbidity is amplified when these children concurrently suffer from complications of allergic rhinitis, such as recurrent otitis media or chronic sinus disease. Typically, children who have allergic rhinitis have a family history of atopic disorders. Upper airway allergy may become manifest at any age, but the appearance of symptoms is most common during childhood or young adulthood. Clinical signs of rhinitis may be perennial, seasonal, or episodic, and the primary focus of complaints may relate to secondary problems, including ear, sinus, or lung disease. Pathophysiology In the allergic patient, disease is mediated by the production of antigenspecific IgE by the patient's B lymphocytes. Current research suggests that the primary defect may be the excessive production of interleukin 4 (IL-4) or a deficient level of gamma interferon (γ-INF) when a T-cell is presented with an antigen. This constellation of immunomodulators directs the B-cell to produce IgE rather than the IgG response of the non-allergic patient. Clinical disease occurs when an allergen reacts with antigen-specific IgE on the patient's nasal mast cells. When these factors combine, the mast cell is activated to release a variety of preformed and newly produced mediators, including histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins (Fig 1).

scholarly journals Safety and Efficacy of Tocilizumab 4 or 8 mg/kg in Hospitalized Patients With Moderate to Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Princy N Kumar ◽  
Jules Hernández-Sánchez ◽  
Sandra Nagel ◽  
Yuning Feng ◽  
Fang Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Status ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
End Points ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Interleukin 6 Receptor ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Background Tocilizumab, an interleukin 6 receptor (IL-6R) antagonist monoclonal antibody, has shown efficacy in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, but the optimal dose is unknown. Methods Patients hospitalized for moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumonia were randomized 1:1 to receive standard care treatment and 1 to 2 doses of intravenous tocilizumab 4 or 8 mg/kg (open-label). Primary pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic end points were serum concentrations of tocilizumab and soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R), IL-6, ferritin, and C-reactive protein (CRP), from baseline to day 60. The secondary end point was safety. Key exploratory efficacy end points included clinical status, time to discharge, mortality rate, and incidence of mechanical ventilation. Results Of 100 patients randomized, 49 received tocilizumab 4 mg/kg and 48 received 8 mg/kg. In pharmacokinetic and sIL-6R assessments, dose-dependent differences were seen in patients who received 1 or 2 doses of 4 or 8 mg/kg. Serum concentrations of IL-6, ferritin, and CRP and safety outcomes were comparable between groups. Through day 60, serious adverse events were reported in 30.6% and 25.0% of patients in the 4- and 8-mg/kg group, respectively. Eight patients (16.3%) in the 4-mg/kg group and 6 (12.5%) in the 8-mg/kg group died. Exploratory time-to-event outcomes favored 8-mg/kg within the first 2 weeks. Conclusions In patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumonia who received tocilizumab 4 or 8 mg/kg, pharmacokinetic and sIL-6R assessments showed expected dose-dependent effects; pharmacodynamic assessments and safety were comparable, with no new safety signals. Further study is required before a lower dose of tocilizumab can be recommended in patients with COVID pneumonia.

scholarly journals No metabolites impact in allergic inflammation regulation and their contribution to remodelling bronchi mucous in bronchial asthma patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
L M Ogorodova ◽  
O V Kozina ◽  
E A Gereng ◽  
L M Ogorodova ◽  
O V Kozina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Nitrite Concentration ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Th2 Inflammation ◽  
Exhaled Air ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Inflammation Cytokines

Background. To study the role of NO metabolites in allergic inflammation regulation and remodelling in BA patients. Material and methods. Morphological and morphometrical methods of investigation of bronchi mucous of 39 BA patients were used, IL-4, TNF-α, INF-g, IL-8, nitrite, 3-nitrotyrosine, nitrosoglutathion levels in bronchoalveolar washout were investigated, nitrite concentration in condensate of the exhaled air was measured. Results. The increased level of IL-4, TNF-α, INF-g, IL-8 in bronchoalveolar washout is associated with persistent Th2-inflammation. The BA severity correlate with highest IL-8, TNF-a, INF-g, nitrite and 3-nitrotyrosine level but with nitrosoglutathion deficit and in general is associated with structured architectonics bronchi mucous abnormalities. Conclusion. The association of toxic NO metabolites, pro-inflammation cytokines levels, bronchi mucous path-omorphological abnormalities with clinical signs of BA confirms the role of toxic NO metabolites in development of Th2-inflammations.

scholarly journals Head-out immersion in hot water does not increase serum CXCL1 in healthy men

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Yuta Sakurai ◽  
Yasunori Umemoto ◽  
Takashi Kawasaki ◽  
Daisuke Kojima ◽  
Tokio Kinoshita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Immersion ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Exercise-induced production of interleukin (IL)-6 results in the expression of chemokine CXC-motif ligand 1 (CXCL1) in mice. Recent studies described the increase in serum IL-6 levels during immersion of subjects in hot water. The present study investigated the effects of a 20-min head-out water immersion in 42 °C water (hot-HOI) on serum concentrations of CXCL1 in eight healthy men. Venous blood samples were taken at rest, immediately after hot-HOI, as well as 1, 2, 3, and 4 h after hot-HOI for measurements of serum concentrations of CXCL1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), while assessing counts of blood cells (CBC) and monitoring core temperature (Tcore). Tcore and serum IL-6 increased during hot-HOI and remained high until 4 h after hot-HOI. However, serum CXCL1, TNF-α, hsCRP, and CBC remained constant throughout the experiment. In conclusion, the results from our study demonstrated that 20-min hot-HOI increased serum IL-6, but not CXCL1 in healthy man.

scholarly journals An unusual course of COVID-19 infection with late increase in C-reactive protein (clinical case reports)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-714
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Chikina ◽  
M. Yu. Brovko ◽  
V. V. Royuk ◽  
S. N. Avdeev
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Antiinflammatory Therapy ◽  
Reactive Protein

Clinical signs of COVID-19 infection are non-specific and diagnosis is typically based on comprehensive evaluation of the patient’s history, clinical status, radiological and laboratory findings. A common finding in COVID-19 patients is increased C-reactive protein (CRP), though in some patients, CRP remains within normal range notwithstanding the presence of other criteria of severe disease. We describe two clinical cases of COVID-19 with severe bilateral pneumonia and late increase in CRP. Similar cases re quite challenging for making the diagnosis and indicating the antiinflammatory therapy.

scholarly journals Nonlymphocyte-Derived Tumor Necrosis Factor Is Required for Induction of Colitis in Recombination Activating Gene (Rag)2−/− Mice upon Transfer of Cd4+Cd45rbhi T Cells

1999 ◽  
Vol 190 (10) ◽  
pp. 1479-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Corazza ◽  
Susanne Eichenberger ◽  
Hans-Pietro Eugster ◽  
Christoph Mueller
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Recombination Activating Gene ◽  
Necrosis Factor

In this study, we addressed the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and lymphotoxin (LT)-α in the development of colitis and defined the cellular sources (T cells versus non-T cells) of TNF (TNF-α and LT-α) relevant to disease development. After adoptive transfer of TNF+/+ CD4+CD45RBhi splenocytes into TNF+/+ recombination activating gene (RAG)2−/− mice, the recipients develop massive inflammation of the large intestinal mucosa concurrent with massive weight loss. In contrast, clinical signs of disease are completely absent in TNF−/−RAG2−/− recipients of TNF−/− CD4+CD45RBhi T cells, although elevated numbers of interferon-γ–producing cells are present in the colonic mucosa. Surprisingly, upon transfer of TNF−/−CD4+CD45RBhi T cells into TNF+/+RAG2−/− recipients, colitis develops with kinetics similar to those upon transfer of TNF+/+CD4+CD45RBhi donor cells. In contrast, no clinical signs of colitis are observed in TNF−/−RAG2−/− recipients of TNF+/+CD4+CD45RBhi T cells. This protection from colitis is not a consequence of the absence of LT-α, as TNF-α−/−RAG2−/− recipients of TNF-α−/− CD4+CD45RBhi T cells are also protected from colitis induction. These results demonstrate the importance of TNF production by non-T cells of the colonic mucosa in the pathogenesis of colitis and provide direct evidence for a nonredundant role of TNF-α in this mouse model of colitis.

scholarly journals Head-out immersion in hot water does not increase serum CXCL1 in healthy men

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Sakurai ◽  
Yasunori Umemoto ◽  
Takashi Kawasaki ◽  
Daisuke Kojima ◽  
Tokio Kinoshita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Immersion ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Exercise-induced production of interleukin (IL)-6 results in the expression of chemokine CXC-motif ligand 1 (CXCL1) in mice. Recent studies described the increase in serum IL-6 levels during immersion of subjects in hot water. The present study investigated the effects of a 20-min head-out water immersion in 42 °C water (hot-HOI) on serum concentrations of CXCL1 in eight healthy men. Venous blood samples were taken at rest, immediately after hot-HOI, as well as 1, 2, 3, and 4 h after hot-HOI for measurements of serum concentrations of CXCL1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), while assessing counts of blood cells (CBC) and monitoring core temperature (Tcore). Tcore and serum IL-6 increased during hot-HOI and remained high until 4 h after hot-HOI. However, serum CXCL1, TNF-α, hsCRP, and CBC remained constant throughout the experiment. In conclusion, the results from our study demonstrated that 20-min hot-HOI increased serum IL-6, but not CXCL1 in healthy man.

scholarly journals Profile of serum cytokine concentrations in patients with gouty arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 030006052110556
Author(s):  
Tie Zhang ◽  
Guozhen Wang ◽  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Shirui Li ◽  
Jing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Gouty Arthritis ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Serum Cytokine ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α

Objective This study aimed to analyze the changes in serum inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with gouty arthritis (GA). Methods The clinical data and serum samples in patients with gouty arthritis and those in healthy volunteers were collected in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from July 2018 to January 2019. Serum cytokine concentrations in patients with GA and volunteers (controls) were determined by a chemiluminescence method. The differences in cytokine concentrations were compared between the two groups. Results Concentrations of serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-8, and IL-4 were significantly higher in patients with acute GA than in controls. Serum concentrations of IL-1ß, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and immunoglobulin E in patients with remission of GA were significantly lower, whereas concentrations of IL-10 and interferon-γ were significantly higher, compared with those in patients with acute GA. Conclusion This study shows that serum concentrations of IL-1ß, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-4 are significantly elevated in patients with GA, and may be involved in the pathogenesis of GA.

scholarly journals Cytokines and immunoglobulin g response in donkeys with spontaneous Setaria equine infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H. El Namaky ◽  
S. H. Hendawy ◽  
F. A. Abo-Aziza ◽  
H. M. Ashry
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Protein Band ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Apparent Prevalence ◽  
Tnf Α

Setaria equina (S. equina) is a filarial worm that exists in peritoneal cavity of equines. This study aimed to evaluate cytokine mediators tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses in spontaneously S. equina infected and non-infected donkeys with emphasis on choosing the best antigen that could be used in diagnosis of such filarial infection. A total of 87 donkeys were examined. Two S. equina antigens: crude somatic S. equina antigen (CSS) and excretory secretory S. equina antigen (ESS) were prepared. They were evaluated in diagnosis of the infection using indirect ELISA and electrophoretically characterised through sodium dodecyl sulphate poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and western blotting technique. The results indicated that both TNF-α and IL-4 in the serum of infected donkeys were significantly higher compared with the non-infected group at P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively. However, the IL-4 level of infected donkeys was significantly higher than that of TNF-a (P<0.01). Apparent prevalence, specificity and positive predictive values (96.55%, 100%, and 100% each) of CSS showed higher diagnostic accuracy than that of ESS. In addition, electrophoretic protein profile and IgG reactivity of CSS antigen via western blot presented a prominent reactive protein band at 28 kDa. It was concluded that the CSS antigen was the best antigen that could be used in serodiagnosis of S. equina infection. The cytokine responses were explored in order to differentiate infected from non-infected donkeys.

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