A GENDER STEREOTYPES FROM AMERICAN AND VIETNAMESE WAR FILMS – A CASE STUDY OF VIETNAMESE WOMEN’S REPRESENTATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Nga Hoang Thi
Keyword(s):  
Vietnam War ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
War Films ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Vietnamese Women ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Gender

In the media, the movies have a strong impact on the perception of gender and gender roles, including the image and role of women. The question is: Are there any hidden gender stereotypes contained in images, words, and plot in a movie? Therefore, this report refers to the image and portrait of Vietnamese women described in the Vietnam War films under a comparative perspective from both the US and Vietnam. From these different views, the filmmakers in Hollywood and Vietnam presented their different perceptions, even their opposing views to the Vietnamese women and their role in the war. Even more interesting, it is characterized by two opposing sides and due to always having the appearance of the familiar conventions of war films, in which one is the hero, one is the villain. Thus, the common portrayal in American films is nameless and faceless persons, such as street vendors, teachers, tailors, peasants, prostitutes and so on. These “mute characters” appear at a glance, the audiences recognize them by the traditional costumes and conical hats. In Vietnamese movies, the women seem to be multiple tasks: wives, mothers and soldiers at the same time. By comparison, the report would indicate the gender stereotypes and its negative impact on the formation, maintenance and strengthening the traditional notions of gender, particularly for Vietnamese women. The relationship between gender, gender equality and the media is also examined in the study.

scholarly journals From the Green of Vietnam to Toes Painted with Nirvana

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Susan Straight
Keyword(s):  
Vietnam War ◽  
American Military ◽  
Vietnamese Women ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Vietnam War ◽  
Nail Salons

Thousands of women who survived the Vietnam War, whose husbands were sent to reeducation camps after working with American military, now live in the US, where nail salons anchor almost every strip mall and flourish inside luxury malls as well. The history of how Vietnamese women came to work in the nail industry and how Americans became accustomed to manicures and pedicures is entwined with the loss of home and landscape.

“A Common Rallying Call”

2019 ◽  
pp. 235-256
Author(s):  
Dayo F. Gore
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
Cultural Revolution ◽  
Third World ◽  
Gender Politics ◽  
American Women ◽  
Black Liberation ◽  
The Us ◽  
And Gender

This essay examines the experiences of African American women living in China during the early 1960s as many black activists began to look to Asia for other models for revolutionary transformation and global anti-imperialist struggle. The essay centers on Vicki Garvin, who settled in China after 1964. The essay charts Garvin’s experiences as a teacher in Shanghai and as a representative of black radicalism in China from 1964 to 1970. The writing is particularly attentive to Garvin’s negotiations of life and gender politics during the start of the Cultural Revolution as Mao pronounced his support for black liberation struggles in the US and a powerful Third World solidarity (and anti-Vietnam war movement) arose in the States.

scholarly journals Negotiating Love and Gender Stereotypes among Youn People: Prevalence of “Amor Ludens” and Television Preferences Rooted in Hegemonic Masculinity

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maddalena Fedele ◽  
Maria-Jose Masanet ◽  
Rafael Ventura
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Hegemonic Masculinity ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
First Year ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Gender ◽  
First Year University

This study was carried out in three Iberian-American countries, Colombia, Spain and Venezuela, to identify the stereotypes of love and gender professed among youth and compare them to those they prefer in television fiction series, i.e., those able to influence their identities and values. From an interdisciplinary perspective, the study involved a survey of 485 first-year university students, and a qualitative analysis of the media representations preferred by them. The results showed a preference for "amor ludens", based on enjoyment and the present moment, and a gap between the cognitive and emotional spheres of some youth who consider themselves distant from stereotypical, heteronormative and patriarchal models, but who choose media representations that match these models and the traditional gender portrayals.

scholarly journals THE NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR GENDER EQUALITY: WOMEN, SPORTS AND MILITARY INSTITUTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia Kefi-Chatzichamperi ◽  
Irene Kamberidou
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
National Action Plan ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Gender ◽  
General Secretariat ◽  
Equality In Education

In Greece, sport as a tool for the promotion of gender integration and social justice has been included in the upcoming National Action Plan for Gender Equality (NAPGE) for 2021-2025 by the General Secretariat for Demography and Family Policy and Gender Equality of the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs. The social space of sport is also included in the currently in effect NAPGE, formulated for 2016-2020 by the General Secretariat for Gender Equality (GSGE) of the Ministry of the Interior. This article begins with a presentation of the upcoming-updated NAPGE 2021-2025 and subsequently examines NAPGE 2016-2020 which is currently in effect. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the strategic goals of the NAPGE are being implemented in the Hellenic Military Higher Education Institutions and specifically in their academic curricula and programs, focusing on coed sport activities. A strategic goal of the NAPGE 2016-2020, as in the one to follow for 2021-2025, is to promote equality in education, culture, sport, and the media. To eliminate gender inequalities the NAPGE, presently in effect in Greek society, sets six strategic goals, and incorporates the gender dimension in all social, political, educational and sports bodies. Following European Commission guidelines, the NAPGE priority areas focus on promoting health; eliminating gender-based violence; supporting equality in education, training, culture, sport, and the media; promoting social integration and equality. As regards education, the main objectives include eliminating gender stereotypes and all forms of discrimination. Research shows that women's sport participation challenges gender stereotypes. Subsequently, women’s integration and gender equality in the military is discussed, using the curricula and sport programs at the five military schools/academies along with the interview data from our previous study with twelve active-duty female officers, former cadets at these five institutions. Our findings indicate that the gender dimension is taken into account: the NAPGE is being implemented, to a certain extent. Our results show that coed sport activities and team sports cultivate acceptance, cohesion, teamwork, and collaborations, leading to women’s integration and inclusion, in addition to a healthier and more productive military environment and culture. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0876/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals Recommendations for an Innovative Gender-Sensitive Training and Education for Various Frontline Responder Groups

2021 ◽  
pp. 319-328
Author(s):  
Bettina Pfleiderer ◽  
Paulina Juszczyk
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
And Gender

Rigid gender roles and gender stereotypes can limit both women's and men's choices, opportunities and access to power and resources. While both sexes suffer from domestic violence, women are more likely to experience repeated and severe forms of abuse, including sexual violence. However, the concept of gender goes beyond numbers, and it is an important human factor that is not integrated sufficiently in existing training, risk assessment tools and procedures. Understanding the gendered nature of domestic violence, but nevertheless taking into account that both men and women can suffer from violence, or be perpetrators, enables front-line responders to develop services that are sensitive to the different needs of individuals affected by domestic violence (DV). This chapter introduces the principles of innovative gender-sensitive training and education for various front-line responder groups. This chapter explains the reasons for it and how the gender norms and perceptions identified in the IMPRODOVA research, which may have a negative impact on front-line responders' responses to DV, were addressed in all IMPRODOVA instruments and guidelines in teaching formats.

scholarly journals From Vietnam to Iraq: Negative trends in television war reporting

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
Tony Maniaty
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
East Timor ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Us ◽  
Media Change ◽  
The Media ◽  
Journalism Students ◽  
War Reporting ◽  
Culturally Embedded

In 1876, an American newspaperman with the US 7th Cavalry, Mark Kellogg, declared: ‘I go with Custer, and will be at the death.’ This overtly heroic pronouncement embodies what many still want to believe is the greatest role in journalism: to go up to the fight, to be with ‘the boys’, to expose yourself to risk, to get the story and the blood-soaked images, to vividly describe a world of strength and weakness, of courage under fire, of victory and defeat—and, quite possibly, to die. So culturally embedded has this idea become that it raises hopes among thousands of journalism students worldwide that they too might become that holiest of entities in the media pantheon, the television war correspondent. They may find they have left it too late. Accompanied by evolutionary technologies and breathtaking media change, TV war reporting has shifted from an independent style of filmed reportage to live pieces-to-camera from reporters who have little or nothing to say. In this article, I explore how this has come about; offer some views about the resulting negative impact on practitioners and the public; and explain why, in my opinion, our ‘right to know’ about warfare has been seriously eroded as a result. Caption: The technology has improved, but the risks do not go away. Freelancer John Martinkus, author of A Dirty Little War about East Timor, seen here on assignment for SBS Dateline in Kunar province, Afghanistan, in 2005, was kidnapped in Iraq—but he managed to escape. Others have not been so fortunate.

scholarly journals Uprooted from Home: Analyzing Vietnamese Amerasian Diaspora in the Unwanted

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Kaori Mori Want
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Patriarchal Society ◽  
Vietnamese Women ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Vietnam War

<p><em>After the Vietnam War, approximately 100,000 mixed race children between Vietnamese women and American soldiers, who are called Amerasian, were born. The Vietnamese Communists fought against the US, and Amerasians who were part Americans became the enemy of the Vietnamese. Amerasians were raised fatherless in patriarchal society where the presence of the father was essential to one’s social status. They were taunted by their lack of the father. Vietnamese women who had children with Americans were regarded as prostitutes, and Amerasians were looked down by the Vietnamese as the children of prostitute. Many reasons combined, Amerasians were mistreated in post-Vietnam War society, and humiliated as “bui doi</em><em>,</em><em>” the dust of life. </em></p><em>This paper will explore Vietnamese Amerasians’ experiences of war, loss of home and father, diaspora, and trauma by reading Kien Nguyen’s autobiography. The home functions in the novel as the symbol of the family’s destiny. Nguyen’s trauma of postwar experiences was augmented every time he was uprooted from his home. By tracing the changes of Nguyen’s home, we will understand the transition of his life. The US was his last home after the diaspora from Vietnam, and I will examine if the US really healed his trauma of the war.</em>

(Desperate) Housewives, Domestic Angels, or Femmes Fatales

2021 ◽  
pp. 233-260
Author(s):  
Debora Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Visual Language ◽  
Natural Consequence ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
The Media ◽  
Linguistic Practices ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Physical And Psychological Violence

Language and linguistic practices, based on androcentric type principles, appear as a privileged vehicle for demanding and reiterating certain values and cultural codes. This chapter aims at analyzing the visual language in the media, with a focus on advertising language, in the attempt to demonstrate how the language used is responsible for the formation and preservation of sexual identity and gender stereotypes. A natural consequence of its reiteration would be the passage from an objectified view of women to physical and psychological violence against them. The images appearing on billboards will be correspondingly analyzed with the intention of reflecting on certain gender-related issues that most often go unnoticed.

Exploring ethnic identity perceptions of Hyun-Jin Ryu’s Korean American fans

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 855-872
Author(s):  
Na Ri Shin ◽  
Jon Welty Peachey ◽  
Doo Jae Park
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Korean American ◽  
The Us ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Racial Ethnic

The purpose of this study was to understand the lived experiences of Korean American fans of the Los Angeles Dodgers’ Korean pitcher Hyun-Jin Ryu. Two research questions were developed to guide the study: (a) How are participants’ ethnic identity perceptions as Korean Americans intertwined with their fanship to Hyun-Jin Ryu? and (b) How are participants’ lived experiences intertwined with their fanship to Ryu? The study focused on the details of how fans perceived their ethnic identity in relation to Ryu’s performance and presence in Major League Baseball. Findings revealed that fans initially became involved due to their ethnic ties to Ryu and remained as fans because they felt connected to the motherland of Korea. Fans individually identified with Ryu through the perceived minority status of being Korean American in the US. Fans experienced vicarious satisfaction as they felt Ryu broke racial, ethnic, and gender stereotypes through his body image and physical performance. Consequently, they developed Korean pride when Ryu performed well. This study extends Tajfel and Turner’s social identity theory and Phinney’s concept of ethnic identity to examine fanship to a specific player rather than a team.

scholarly journals Self-Assessment and Expectations of Mothers’ Communication With Adolescents on Sexuality Issues

Pedagogika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 116-133
Author(s):  
Stasė Ustilaitė ◽  
Alina Petrauskienė ◽  
Jūratė Česnavičienė
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Almost All

This article reviews survey data obtained through anonymous questionnaires of 779 mothers on the website apklausa.lt. on their perceptions, emotional well-being, and expectations of communication with adolescents on sexuality issues. The majority of the survey participants think that they can talk openly with their daughters and sons on various topics of sexuality(about emotional changes in adolescence, friendship and love to a person of a different gender, violence, abuse recognition and help, family importance to the individual and society, gender equality, equality of roles of men and women, etc.). Mothers, who have higher education degrees, are more likely to interact with their children about sexual orientation and gender stereotypes created by the media, mass culture, and advertising regarding body appearance and their impact on a person’s self-perception. The survey results showed that almost all mothers who participated in the survey (93.6%) perceived conversations with their children on sexuality / sexual relations topics as their responsibility i.e. associated with responsible motherhood, but 64.1% of mothers indicated that they felt uncomfortable, 51.8% of them felt disturbed and 65.9% – ashamed. Mothers hope that interviews with adolescents can help protect adolescents from risky sexual behaviour (63.4% of mothers expect that their daughter / son will not have sex in adolescence; 76.6% expect that adolescents are less likely to become pregnant and 72.5% mothers note that the child will be more resistant to peer pressure to have sex).

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