scholarly journals Primary dysmenorrhea: evaluation and treatment pattern among female medical students

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1873
Author(s):  
Sapna Gupta ◽  
Sharminder Kaur ◽  
Shamiya Sadiq ◽  
Vijay Khajuria
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
College Going ◽  
History Of

Background: Dysmenorrhea is a very common condition in females in fertile age group and its affective and somatic features often limit female mobility which results in loss of work hours. The aim of the study was to evaluate prevalence, severity, drug usage and loss of work days among young female medical students.Methods: The current questionnaire based study was done in Department of pharmacology, GMC Jammu over a period of 3 months. Female students aged between 17-24 years who consented for participation were included. The demographic profile and detailed history of dysmenorrhea was recorded.Results: Out of 342 participants, 218 females (63.7%) had history of dysmenorrhea. Most of the dysmenorrhic females had menarche between 13-14 yrs of age (73.3%) and menstrual cycle of 21-34 days (82.5%), duration of bleeding less than 6 days (91.6%) and had a positive family history of dysmenorrhea (58.7%). Majority of females had mild to moderate features of dysmenorrhea (93.4%). Most common medication was Mefenemic acid alone and in combination (90.5%). Most of the females took self-medication (69.8%) and only 30.2% took medicines on advice of doctor. 71.5% students missed their classes due to symptoms of dysmennorhea.Conclusions: Dysmenorrhea is quite prevalent among college going medical students. Most of them had positive family history. Mefenemic acid and its combination was frequently used to treat symptoms. On an average 1-2days were lost due to dysmenorrhea.

Frequency of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and its Risk Factors among MBBS Students of Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 2062-2067
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Tauseef ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Waqas Siddque ◽  
Muhammad Farhan Akhtar ◽  
Abu Hurera
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Background: Currently, there is a growing concern towards epidemiological and clinical research on functional gastrointestinal disorders. Irritable Bowel Syndrome is defined as a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain, and altered bowel movements. It is the most common gastrointestinal disorder. It can be diarrhea-predominant IBS, constipation-predominant IBS, and mixed type IBS. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of IBS among medical students of Allama Iqbal Medical College and to determine conditions and lifestyle habits that may act as significant risk factors for developing IBS. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for over 5 months. A sample of 323 individuals was studied whereas the sampled individuals were selected using a "stratified random sampling technique". The study was conducted by collecting data through an online questionnaire during the global COVID pandemic. The questionnaire consisted of three parts. The first section consisted of demographic information, the second section consisted of a standard questionnaire determining the risk factors of IBS i.e., personal food and lifestyle habits, and the last section was aimed at determining whether the person was a case of IBS or not using the widely accepted and used “Rome III Criteria” and determining the predominant pattern of IBS. Results: The frequency of IBS was found to be 15.5%. Analysis of collected data revealed that the predictors for IBS were stress and reduced hours of daily sleep. It was also observed that a positive family history of irritable bowel syndrome predisposed the development of IBS in a person. 30% of subjects with a positive family history of IBS had symptoms suggestive of IBS. Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a high incidence of IBS among medical students because they live under higher stress conditions, concerning their academics and professional duty than students and professionals from other educational fields. Keywords: Irritable bowel syndrome, abdominal pain, stress, food consumption.

scholarly journals Life style effects on hypertension and obesity in adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Sonia Bhatt ◽  
Shehraz Firoz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Studies based on effects of lifestyle on hypertension and obesity in adolescent age group are lacking in India. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of lifestyle associated risk factors in school going adolescents of Kendriya Vidyalaya in district Firozabad and their effects on hypertension and obesity.Methods: The study was carried out among 200 students of classes 9th and 11th in the age group of 13 to 17 years. Students were given a pre-designed questionnaire and feedback was taken about dietary practices and physical activity along with family history of hypertension and obesity. Height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure was measured in all children. Effects of lifestyle associated risk factors were determined on obesity and hypertension.Results: The study documents that inappropriate dietary practices (fast food consumption, low fruit intake) and less physical activity were strongly associated with high prevalence of obesity and hypertension in the adolescents. The study also showed that adolescents with positive family history of obesity and/or hypertension are also at higher risk. There was a positive correlation between high BMI and hypertension.Conclusions: School based interventions are required to educate the adolescent children about lifestyle modifications to reduce the morbidity associated with non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Review of seizure disorders in children in the age group of six months to five years

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1236
Author(s):  
Chandrashekhar Koli ◽  
Sachin Darne
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Seizure Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Seizure Disorders ◽  
History Of

Background: Seizure disorder a term used to include epilepsy, febrile seizures and other types. The international classification and Diagnostic tools including EEG monitoring and MRI are helpful to categorize seizure and treat them with various antiepileptic medications.Methods: Data from patients in the age group of 6 months to 5 years, over 2 months period, presenting with seizure disorders was collected in prescribed proforma and evaluated for type of seizure disorder, age of onset, family history of seizures, previous history of febrile convulsions, presence of neurological abnormality, EEG changes and response to drugs. They were followed up over a period of 2 years.Results: In this study 200 children’s with seizure disorders from a period of 2 months, were screened, reviewed and followed up for a period of two years. Incidence of seizure disorder is 4.37% with male predominance. Of which febrile seizures (52.5%), Generalized Seizures (25.5%), partial seizures (12%), besides unclassified (10%) and status epilepticus (10%). 12% of the children had positive family history of epilepsy and 14.56% had history of previous febrile convulsion. Birth injuries (19.4%) and CNS infection (38.6%) and space occupying lesions (9.7%) constitute the major etiological factors. 10% patient with seizure disorder had abnormal neurological signs. EEG Examination showed 56.8% normal and 33.2% Generalized abnormality. On follow up 51% where found regular, out of which 30% went into remission.Conclusions: Seizure disorder is quite significant condition in children. Though benign, the febrile seizures are the most common type of seizure in children. The major preventable etiological factors for seizures are Birth trauma and CNS infections. Clinical and EEG work up is necessary for proper management of seizures. Health education is needed to stress the importance of regular treatment and to educate for removal of stigmata.

scholarly journals Factors associated with irritable bowel syndrome among medical students at Ain Shams University

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doaa Elhosseiny ◽  
Nehal Elfawy Mahmoud ◽  
Ayat F. Manzour
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Abstract Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common and potentially disabling gastrointestinal disorders. The pathogenesis of this disorder remains obscure. However, many etiological explanations point toward bacterial etiology. Also, several studies have documented that psychological and social factors may play a role. Medical education is among the most challenging and stressful education, and this may predispose to high rates of IBS. Objectives The aims of this study are to estimate the frequency of IBS in a selected sample of students of Faculty of Medicine in Ain Shams University and to find out the determinants associated with this disorder. Study design A cross-sectional study was carried out among medical students from October 2017 to February 2018 at Faculty of Medicine—Ain Shams University. All participants were asked to complete a confidential self-administered questionnaire. An interview questionnaire was used for diagnosis of IBS according to Rome III criteria, while morbid anxiety and depression were diagnosed by using the Arabic version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results Three hundred eighty-two students completed the questionnaire. The frequency of IBS was 31.7% with higher proportion among females and among students with positive family history of IBS. However, IBS was significantly less prevalent among students practicing regular exercise. Lastly, based on (HADS), there was a statistical significant relationship between IBS and anxiety (p < 0.05), but not depression. Conclusion The study revealed that around 31% of the studied group was suffering from IBS. Female gender, suffering from anxiety, and positive family history of IBS were the main associated factors for IBS. Screening of all medical students in the faculty for IBS is suggested. Providing psychological and emotional support along with stress management is highly recommended.

scholarly journals The association between diabetes and thyroid cancer risk: a hospital-based case-control study in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Wei-Wei Gong ◽  
Feng Lu ◽  
Ru-Ying Hu ◽  
Qing-Fang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diabetes Duration ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Previous studies have indicated inconsistent relationships of diabetes with thyroid cancer risk, yet little is known in China. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between diabetes, diabetes duration and the risk of thyroid cancer in Chinese population. Methods A 1:1 matched case-control study was performed between 2015 and 2017 in Zhejiang Province including 2,937 thyroid cancer cases and 2,937 healthy controls. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for thyroid cancer were estimated in logistic regression models. Specific effects stratified by age, as well as sex, body mass index (BMI) and family history of diabetes were also examined. Results Overall, neither diabetes (OR = 0.75, 95 % CI: 0.21–2.73) nor diabetes duration (OR = 0.14, 95 % CI: 0.02–1.22 for diabetes duration ≦ 5 years; OR = 2.10, 95 % CI: 0.32–13.94 for diabetes duration > 5 years) was significantly associated with thyroid cancer. In stratified analyses, significant lower risk of thyroid cancer was observed among subjects with diabetes and shorter diabetes duration ( ≦ 5 years), but limited to those who were aged more than 40 years, female, overweight/obese and had positive family history of diabetes. Conclusions Diabetes and shorter diabetes duration were significantly associated with decreased risk of thyroid cancer in individuals characterized by older age, female sex, higher BMI and positive family history of diabetes.

scholarly journals Differential expression of micro RNA-29 family in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzair Abbas ◽  
Bushra Imdad ◽  
Sikander Adil Mughal ◽  
Israr Ahmed Baloch ◽  
Afshan Mehboob Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective MicroRNAs are known to regulate 60% of genes at post translational level. MicroRNAs including Micro RNA-29 family play a vital role in cellular activities and have validate role in numerous metabolic disorders inclusive of diabetes mellitus and its complications. While micro RNA profile changes years before the occurrence of disease. This cross-sectional study was conducted in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents to explore the early changes in expression of micro RNA-29 family as it can be served as early biomarker of type 2 diabetes in non-diabetic adults. This study was conducted from January 2019 to January 2021. Micro RNA was extracted from plasma of 50 participants and expression was compared through qPCR. While data was analyzed through SPSS version 21.0. Results 29a and 29b had lower expression in participants with family history of DM compared to those having no family history of DM (P < 0.0001). While micro RNA 29c was found to be significantly higher in participants with positive family history of type 2 diabetes as compared to those without family history of diabetes (P = 0.001).

A Group Therapy Approach to Facilitate Integration of Risk Information for Women at Risk for Breast Cancer

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Jane Esplen ◽  
Brenda Toner ◽  
Jonathan Hunter ◽  
Gordon Glendon ◽  
Kate Butler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Family History ◽  
Group Therapy ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Risk Information ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Therapy Approach ◽  
History Of

Objective: To describe and illustrate elements of a group counselling approach designed to enhance the communication of risk information on breast cancer (BC) to women with a family history of this disease. Breast cancer is a leading cause of female cancer death. The most important risk factor for BC is a positive family history in at least 1 first-degree relative, and approximately one-third of women with BC have a family history of the disease. Recent evidence suggests that there is a significant psychological impact associated with having a family history of BC, and this may influence the psychological adjustment and response to being counselled for personal risk. New counselling approaches are required. Method: This paper describes a group therapy approach that incorporates principles of supportive-expressive therapy designed to address the emotional impact of being at risk for BC and to promote accuracy of perceived risk. The key elements of the intervention are described along with clinical illustrations from groups that are part of an ongoing study to develop and standardize the group therapy. Conclusion: Qualitative data from the groups suggest that this model of therapy is both feasible and effective.

Levels of anxiety, depression and denial in patients with myocardial infarction

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Sarantidis ◽  
A Thomas ◽  
K Iphantis ◽  
N Katsaros ◽  
J Tripodianakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Previous Myocardial Infarction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Anxiety Depression

SummaryIn this study we investigated 1) the changes in anxiety, depression and denial from admission to discharge in patients admitted to the intensive care unit following an acute myocardial infarction and 2) the effect of smoking habits, time lapsed from the appearance of symptoms to seeking help behavior, presence of a person that motivated the patient to seek help, previous myocardial infarction (MI) and family history of MI, on these changes. The results indicated that 1) the levels of both anxiety and depression increased from admission to discharge, while denial decreased; 2) positive family history of MI was associated with lower difference of denial between admission and discharge.

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