scholarly journals Life style effects on hypertension and obesity in adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Sonia Bhatt ◽  
Shehraz Firoz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Studies based on effects of lifestyle on hypertension and obesity in adolescent age group are lacking in India. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of lifestyle associated risk factors in school going adolescents of Kendriya Vidyalaya in district Firozabad and their effects on hypertension and obesity.Methods: The study was carried out among 200 students of classes 9th and 11th in the age group of 13 to 17 years. Students were given a pre-designed questionnaire and feedback was taken about dietary practices and physical activity along with family history of hypertension and obesity. Height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure was measured in all children. Effects of lifestyle associated risk factors were determined on obesity and hypertension.Results: The study documents that inappropriate dietary practices (fast food consumption, low fruit intake) and less physical activity were strongly associated with high prevalence of obesity and hypertension in the adolescents. The study also showed that adolescents with positive family history of obesity and/or hypertension are also at higher risk. There was a positive correlation between high BMI and hypertension.Conclusions: School based interventions are required to educate the adolescent children about lifestyle modifications to reduce the morbidity associated with non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Psoriasis Vulgaris and Its Associated Risk Factors in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 390-395
Author(s):  
Syeda Ujala Sohail ◽  
Nasima Iqbal ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Sarwath Fatimee ◽  
Ayesha Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Family History ◽  
Psoriasis Vulgaris ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
P Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Aim: To find out the prevalence of psoriasis vulgaris and its associated risk factors. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at Rawalpindi Leprosy Hospital during January 2019 to December 2019. Methodology: The diagnosed cases of Psoriasis Vulgaris (PsV) were included in the study. All the patients were investigated on the basis of an in depth Performa. The Performa include all the relevant clinical and family history of the patient along with the personal details. Data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. All the numerical variables were presented as mean with standard deviation while categorical data as frequency and percentages. The association of risk factors with the Psoriasis was calculated by using the Chi-square test. p-value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Mean age with standard deviation of patients was 34.7±14. Most of the diagnosed patients were male and below 40 years of age, only 4.2% cases were having positive family history of Psoriasis and found significant correlation. The frequency of onset of symptoms in adolescent was more as compared to childhood i.e. 95.3% and 4.7% respectively. Majority of psoriasis cases (65.3%) were from non-smoker group and having strong association with smoking. The frequency of arthritis among psoriasis patients was 23.7% and majority of the patients, who developed arthritis were those having age <40 year and were suffering from psoriasis since 5-10 years. Conclusion: Current study concluded that Psoriasis vulgar is having higher prevalence rate among male and below 40 years of age group. The results also suggested a strong association of severity of psoriasis with certain risk factors including family history, age of onset of symptoms, smoking and arthritis.

scholarly journals We are Family

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Omolafe ◽  
Michele Mouttapa ◽  
Shari McMahan ◽  
Sora Park Tanjasiri
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

This cross-sectional study sought to describe an association between family history of type-2 diabetes and the awareness of risk factors, perceived threat and physical activity levels in African Americans. With a prevalence of 11.8%, African Americans remain disproportionately affected by the epidemic of diabetes. A risk factor that cannot be modified, but is important and closely linked with diabetes expression, family history, can be a considerable tool in promoting behavior change and reducing the risk of developing the condition in African Americans. A self-report questionnaire was administered to 133 church going African Americans, with 55 of them with a positive family history of type-2 diabetes (41.4%) and 78 (58.6%) without. None of the participants had been previously been diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. The results from the study indicated that African Americans with positive family history had a greater knowledge of risk factors, were more likely to indicate that their concern about the disease influences their eating habits and physical activity, and engaged in significantly more physical activity than those with no family history.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated risk factors of undiagnosed diabetes among adult Moroccan Sahraoui women

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 722-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Rguibi ◽  
Rekia Belahsen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of the present work was to examine the prevalence and associated risk factors of undiagnosed diabetes among urban Moroccan Sahraoui women.Design and settingRandomised sample of adult women living in the city of Laayoune in south Morocco who visited public health centres during an immunisation campaign. Body weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglycerides, dietary intake and physical activity were collected.SubjectsData were obtained on 249 urban women aged 15 years and older, who were not pregnant. Only subjects identified as of Sahraoui origin were eligible for this investigation.ResultsThe prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was 5.5% and that of undiagnosed diabetes 6.4%. Diabetes and IFG were more common among older and obese women as well as among women with hypertension or a family history of diabetes. In addition, sucrose intakes were higher in women with diabetes than in those with normal FPG. Also, physical activity estimated as the time spent in walking was negatively associated with FPG. Regression analyses showed an independent association of age, obesity, family history of diabetes and triglycerides with diabetes.ConclusionThe high proportion of unknown diabetes suggests the need for increased diabetes awareness in this population. The data suggest also the involvement of obesity in diabetes and the potential importance of intervention strategies to reduce population adiposity for the prevention and management of cardiovascular risk factors.

scholarly journals Study on prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and their few risk factors among rural women in Ghaziabad

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1488
Author(s):  
Narendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background: With rapid urbanisation in National Capital Region, Ghaziabad, associated life style diseases like hypertension, diabetes mellitus are also increasing. For an effective preventive program, it is mandatory to know prevalence and relevant risk factors. Many studies among men have been conducted, this study was undertaken to find out prevalence, and associated factors solely among   rural women in Ghaziabad. Methods: A pretested Performa was administered to all non-pregnant women coming to a health centre. Information on medical and family history, dietary habits, physical activity, blood pressure, blood sugar, height, weight etc. was recorded. For statistical analyses, SPSS-16 software was used. Results: Out of total 569 participants, 59 were having hypertension, showing a prevalence of 10.36 %, 44 were having family history of hypertension with a prevalence of 7.73%. 93 were found to be Diabetics, with a prevalence of 16.34% and family history of diabetes among 57, i.e. 10.36% in study group. Overall 134, (23.55%) had abnormally higher BMI, age group with highest prevalence of BMI was also having highest diabetes and hypertension cases. This age group was  found to be doing just  mild physical activity. Conclusions: This study gives insight in heavy burden of hypertension, diabetes, and associated risk factors in rural women folks in a rural health centre of Ghaziabad. Life style modifications, more physical activities, dietary modifications with lesser salt ,fats  will go in long way of reducing burden of these diseases and risk factors. 

scholarly journals Prevalence of Congenital Ocular Anomalies in Paediatric Age Group (0 - 14 Years) in a Tertiary Care Hospital at Kancheepuram, South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (14) ◽  
pp. 899-903
Author(s):  
Syed Ali Nasar Waris ◽  
Rubina Huda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Global Blindness

BACKGROUND Congenital ocular anomalies are one of the important causes of childhood blindness. Blindness is a serious public health issue, and also a social and economic problem worldwide. Majority of global blindness is avoidable and curable. Most of global blindness is in developing countries. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of congenital ocular anomalies in the paediatric age group and its associated risk factors in a tertiary care hospital in Kancheepuram. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among children of 0 – 14 years age group attending the ophthalmology department of SRM Medical College and Hospital, Kancheepuram from December 2018 to November 2020. Congenital ocular anomalies were detected by detailed ocular examination and the type of congenital ocular anomaly was assessed. Associated risk factors like family history of congenital ocular anomalies, family history of consanguinity and significant antenatal history of the mother of the children were collected. RESULTS Out of 9865 cases, we found that 61 cases had congenital ocular anomalies. There was a male preponderance. Majority of the cases were in the age group 0 - 5 years. A positive history of consanguinity was present in 10 % of cases. The most commonly found cases were congenital cataract and congenital dacryocystitis. CONCLUSIONS Children with congenital ocular anomalies and functional vision should be given glasses and low vision aid. There is a great need for early screening, detection and treatment by paediatric or trained ophthalmologists in referral hospitals. KEYWORDS Congenital Ocular Anomalies, Paediatric Age Group, Prevalence

scholarly journals Modifiable and Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for Atherothrombotic Ischemic Stroke among Subjects in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1952
Author(s):  
Anna Johansson ◽  
Isabel Drake ◽  
Gunnar Engström ◽  
Stefan Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Family History ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diet And Cancer

Risk factors for ischemic stroke is suggested to differ by etiologic subtypes. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors and atherothrombotic stroke (i.e., excluding cardioembolic stroke), and to examine if the potential benefit of modifiable lifestyle factors differs among subjects with and without predisposing comorbidities. After a median follow-up of 21.2 years, 2339 individuals were diagnosed with atherothrombotic stroke out of 26,547 study participants from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study. Using multivariable Cox regression, we examined non-modifiable (demographics and family history of stroke), semi-modifiable comorbidities (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic disease), and modifiable (smoking, body mass index, diet quality, physical activity, and alcohol intake) risk factors in relation to atherothrombotic stroke. Higher age, male gender, family history of stroke, and low educational level increased the risk of atherothrombotic stroke as did predisposing comorbidities. Non-smoking (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56–0.68), high diet quality (HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.72–0.97) and high leisure-time physical activity (HR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.80–0.98) decreased the risk of atherothrombotic ischemic stroke independent of established risk factors, with non-significant associations with body mass index and alcohol intake. The effect of the lifestyle factors was independent of predisposing comorbidities at baseline. The adverse effects of several cardiovascular risk factors were confirmed in this study of atherothrombotic stroke. Smoking cessation, improving diet quality and increasing physical activity level is likely to lower risk of atherothrombotic stroke in the general population as well as in patient groups at high risk.

scholarly journals Differing Contributions of Classical Risk Factors to Type 2 Diabetes in Multi-Ethnic Malaysian Populations

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2813
Author(s):  
Noraidatulakma Abdullah ◽  
Nor Abdul Murad ◽  
John Attia ◽  
Christopher Oldmeadow ◽  
Mohd Kamaruddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Predictive Utility ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is escalating rapidly in Asian countries, with the rapid increase likely attributable to a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors. Recent research suggests that common genetic risk variants contribute minimally to the rapidly rising prevalence. Rather, recent changes in dietary patterns and physical activity may be more important. This nested case-control study assessed the association and predictive utility of type 2 diabetes lifestyle risk factors in participants from Malaysia, an understudied Asian population with comparatively high disease prevalence. The study sample comprised 4077 participants from The Malaysian Cohort project and included sub-samples from the three major ancestral groups: Malay (n = 1323), Chinese (n = 1344) and Indian (n = 1410). Association of lifestyle factors with type 2 diabetes was assessed within and across ancestral groups using logistic regression. Predictive utility was quantified and compared between groups using the Area Under the Receiver-Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC). In predictive models including age, gender, waist-to-hip ratio, physical activity, location, family history of diabetes and average sleep duration, the AUC ranged from 0.76 to 0.85 across groups and was significantly higher in Chinese than Malays or Indians, likely reflecting anthropometric differences. This study suggests that obesity, advancing age, a family history of diabetes and living in a rural area are important drivers of the escalating prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Study of risk factors and its correlation with constraint induced movement therapy for atherosclerosis in patients of coronary artery disease and their offspring

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Venugopal Margekar ◽  
Shweta Thakur ◽  
O. P. Jatav ◽  
Pankaj Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Constraint Induced Movement Therapy ◽  
Group Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: A significant percent of cardiovascular event occurs without well-known modifiable risk. A new tool for early identification for atherosclerosis is required for early intervention. Aims and objectives of the study was to study the risk factors for CAD and its correlation with CIMT.Methods: One hundred and forty subjects were studied for the risk factors of CAD in Department of Medicine of G.R. Medical College, Gwalior from 2012 to 2013. Out of 140 subjects, 100 were patients having CAD and 40 age matched subjects were included as control group. Data was also recorded from their offspring. High resolution B mode ultrasonography was performed to assess CIMT of carotid arteries. The maximum CIMT of any one side of carotid artery was taken for study.Results: CAD was more prevalent among males (78%). Majority of the offspring of cases had age between 28-42 years and majority were male (73%). Most common risk factors for CAD was dyslipidemia (48%), hypertension (24%), diabetes (12%) and smoking (21%), whereas in offspring’s of CAD patients, dyslipidemia was seen in 28%, hypertension in 3%, diabetes and tobacco smoking in 12% and 24% respectively. The CIMT of CAD patients was significantly increased with increasing the number of risk factors and the same pattern was also seen in controls.  The CIMT of asymptomatic offspring’s having positive family history was significantly more than the asymptomatic offspring without positive family history of CAD.Conclusions: CIMT measurements can be used as a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis as it has showed a direct link with number of risk factors of CAD. 

scholarly journals Study on Associated Risk Factors of Hypertension at Sipaghat of Sindhupalchowk District, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Naresh Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Hypertension is a progressive cardiovascular syndrome arising from complex and interrelated etiologies. Males have slightly higher prevalence than female in most of countries of Southeast-Asian region.Objective: The objective of study is to find out prevalence and the risk factors of hypertension at Sipaghat, Sindhulchowk, Nepal.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Sipaghat of Sindhupalchowk district in May 2016 and 260 persons were selected randomly. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was higher in male (25.4%) than female (17.4%). Mean age of study population was 42.08 years with standard deviation, 15.95 years. Variables namely age group, smoking, alcohol consumption and family history of hypertension were found to be significant at 5 percent level of significance. Alcohol consumption and smokers have more than two times higher chance of getting hypertension compared to alcohol non-consumer and nonsmoker with 95% confidence intervals were 1.08-4.80 and 1.21-6.10, respectively. Persons with family history of hypertension have 3.8 times more chance of getting hypertension compared to no family history of hypertension with 1.89-7.61 of 95% confidence interval.Conclusion: Lifestyle modification reduces blood pressure which prevents or delays the incidence of hypertension. Hypertension can be controlled and prevented by modifying the lifestyle. People should be advised to avoid modifiable risk factors of hypertension like smoking, consumption of alcohol and physical inactivity through health education programs.Nepalese Journal of Statistics, 2017, Vol. 1, 73-82

Television Viewing and Pediatric Hypercholesterolemia

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan D. Wong ◽  
Thomas K. Hei ◽  
Paul Y. Qaqundah ◽  
Dennis M. Davidson ◽  
Stanley L. Bassin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Cholesterol Screening ◽  
High Cholesterol Level ◽  
History Of

Cholesterol screening for children is recommended currently only for those with a family history of premature coronary heart disease or hyperlipidemia. The authors report on a pediatric-office-based cholesterol screening program where the predictive values of family history indicators were evaluated along with reported television viewing, physical activity, and dietary habits in 1081 children (aged 2 to 20 years, mean 7.4 ± 3.6 [SD] years). Eight percent of these children had a total cholesterol value of 200 mg/dL or higher; 53% of such children reported watching 2 or more hours of television daily compared with 34% of children with lower cholesterol levels. Multivariate analyses revealed that excessive television viewing was the strongest predictor for a child to have a cholesterol value of 200 mg/dL or higher, with relative risks of 2.2 for 2 to 4 hours of television viewing per day (P &lt; .01) and 4.8 for children watching more than 4 hours/day, when compared to those watching less than 2 hours/day (P &lt; .01). In contrast, a positive family history of a high cholesterol level was only modestly associated with an increased probability of having a high cholesterol level (relative risk 1.6, P &lt; .05), and a history of premature myocardial infarction in a parent or grandparent was not associated with a child's cholesterol level. Excessive television viewing was found to be associated with certain dietary and physical activity habits and may prove to be a useful, global marker for several life-style factors predisposing children to hypercholesterolemia.

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