scholarly journals A case report on incidental finding of thymoma as anterior mediastinal mass

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1441
Author(s):  
Nithin K. T. ◽  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
P. Prasanth
Keyword(s):  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Mediastinal Tumors ◽  
Mediastinal Widening ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Heterogeneous Solid

Thymomas are rare tumors in the anterior mediastinum, representing 50% of anterior mediastinal masses and about 20-30% of all mediastinal tumors. They are of unknown etiology; about 50% of patients with thymomas are diagnosed incidentally with chest radiography. Thymoma is classified into different stages, which determine the prognosis and type of management, the standard primary treatment for these tumors is Thymectomy. We present a case of 55-year female presented with shortness of breath, cough with expectoration and fever for past ten days. Chest x-ray revealed mediastinal widening. CECT chest showed a well-circumscribed heterogeneous solid enhancing mass lesion. FNAC was planned that showed features in favour of thymoma. Biopsy was done that confirmed lymphocyte rich type B thymoma.

scholarly journals Vitamin K Deficiency Presenting in an Infant with an Anterior Mediastinal Mass: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio A. Palau ◽  
Amanda Winters ◽  
Xiayuan Liang ◽  
Rachelle Nuss ◽  
Susan Niermeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Vitamin K Deficiency ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Work Up

We report a case of a 1-month-old infant with spontaneous thymic hemorrhage secondary to severe vitamin K deficiency. He was brought to medical attention due to scrotal bruising and during evaluation was noted to be tachypneic and hypoxemic. Chest X-ray revealed an enlarged cardiothymic silhouette, and a follow-up echocardiogram revealed a mass in the anterior mediastinum. Routine laboratory work-up revealed severe coagulopathy. Further questioning revealed the patient had not received prophylactic vitamin K at birth. The coagulopathy resolved with administration of vitamin K, and a biopsy confirmed the anterior mediastinal mass was due to spontaneous thymic hemorrhage.

scholarly journals Peri-operative anaesthesia challenges in large anterior mediastinal mass - A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 604-607
Author(s):  
Rachna Wadhwa ◽  
Varun Sharma ◽  
Pallavi Ahluwalia ◽  
Vishnu Datt
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Airway Compression ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Airway Collapse ◽  
Ct Guided Biopsy ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Chest X Ray

Thymic mass is a rare tumor in the anterior mediastinum. They are usually of unknown etiology. About 50% of patients are diagnosed incidentally on chest radiographs. A 45 years, BMI-28, male patient presented to cardiac outpatient department with breathlessness and persistent cough for past three months. He also complained of generalized fatigue and nonspecific chest pain. On chest x-ray (PA view), there were diffuse opacities in middle and lower zone and no tracheal compression or deviation. Lateral neck X-ray also ruled out any airway compression. Computed tomography thorax revealed a huge mass occupying the prevascular compartment of mediastinum and insinuating the visceral compartment bilaterally with extension upto bilateral cardiophrenic and anterior costophrenic angles. CT-guided biopsy was consistent with thymolipoma which was surgically resected.Thymolipomas usually present with nonspecific symptoms. They pose a huge anaesthetic challenge during the peri-operative period in terms of difficult intubation, co-existing airway compression requiring reinforced tubes and fiberoptic guidance, the possibility of sudden airway collapse post-induction, risk of hypoxemia secondary to reduced functional residual capacity (FRC) and haemodynamic disturbances during and after removal of huge mass.

scholarly journals Anterior Mediastinal Leiomyosarcoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Akira Ishikawa ◽  
Kazuya Kuraoka ◽  
Junichi Zaitsu ◽  
Akihisa Saito ◽  
Atsushi Kamigaichi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Muscle Actin

Primary mediastinal sarcomas are extremely rare. Additionally, mediastinal leiomyosarcomas account for approximately 9% of mediastinal sarcoma cases. Until date, only few cases of anterior mediastinal leiomyosarcomas have been reported. Herein, we report a case of an 85-year-old female with an anterior mediastinal mass of 15 mm. Histological examination revealed spindle tumor cells showing a fascicular growth pattern. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were focal positive for desmin, calponin, and α-smooth muscle actin. The pathological diagnosis was leiomyosarcoma. In conclusion, we encountered a case of a very rare leiomyosarcoma that occurred in the anterior mediastinum, and our report may contribute to the understanding of this disease.

scholarly journals Thymoangiolipoma: A rare histologic variant of thymolipoma in a patient with myasthenia gravis

Rare Tumors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 203636132097921
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Anbardar ◽  
Fatemeh Amirmoezi ◽  
Armin Amirian
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Spiral Computed ◽  
Thymic Tissue ◽  
Radiologic Evaluation ◽  
Thymic Neoplasm ◽  
Slow Growing

Thymoangiolipoma is a rare, slow-growing, benign thymic neoplasm that arises from the anterior mediastinum. A 61-year-old man with the chief complaint of right eye ptosis and high serum acetylcholine receptor antibody level is presented here. The spiral computed tomography of the chest revealed a hypodense mass in the anterior mediastinum. Microscopic examination showed admixture of adipose tissue, thymic tissue and blood vessels with the diagnosis of thymoangiolipoma. Thymoangiolipoma is a rare histologic variant of thymolipoma which can be associated with myasthenia gravis and must be considered as a differential diagnosis in anterior mediastinal mass with fat density in radiologic evaluation.

scholarly journals Cystic Lesions of Anterior Mediastinum: Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
Ana Lukovic ◽  
Milos Arsenijevic ◽  
Slobodan Milisavljevic ◽  
Dragan Stojkovic ◽  
Stanko Mrvic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Cystic Teratoma ◽  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Mediastinal Tumors ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Complete Surgical Resection ◽  
Radiologic Investigation

AbstractCystic lesions of the mediastinum are uncommon, comprising 12% to 18% of all primary mediastinal tumors and unless they attain a large size and cause compressive symptoms, these tumors are generally asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally upon radiologic investigation of some other condition.We present in this paper a case of cystic lesions of the mediastinum in a 70-year-old male patient who underwent a surgery for mediastinal mass removal. Histopathology report had shown it was the case of mature cystic teratoma of anterior mediastinum.Based on a review of the literature, as well as our experience, we conclude that best treatment for cystic lesions of anterior mediastinum is complete surgical resection if possible.

scholarly journals Unidentical Double Trouble- A Rare Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanisha Singh ◽  
Gramani Arumugam Vasugi ◽  
Swaminathan Rajendiran ◽  
. Manickavasagam ◽  
. Shanmuganathan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Muscularis Propria ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Collision Tumour ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Hilar Region

Collision tumours are relatively rare entities and are thus, not well recognised. Collision tumour can be defined as two coexisting but histologically different malignancies involving the same organ or adjacent organ with an equivocal intermediate transitional zone between them. Collision tumours of the lung and oesophagus are very rare. Such cases are diagnosed by Computerised Tomogram (CT) Scan or Chest X-Ray for complaint of dysphagia. Definitive diagnosis is made by tissue biopsy. Here, a 66-year-old male is admitted for evaluation of an anterior mediastinal mass. Radiology revealed an anterior mediastinal mass extending in to the left hilar region and upper lobe of right lung anteriorly and in to the lower end of oesophagus posteriorly. Biopsy was performed. Microscopically, transbronchial biopsy revealed a cellular lesion, composed of round-to-oval cells with streaming nucleus, positive for Immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers, CD-56 and Synaptophysin pertaining to a diagnosis of small cell carcinoma. Biopsy of the oesophageal growth shows nest of dysplastic squamous epithelium which infiltrates into underlying muscularis propria showing features of a squamous cell carcinoma. Multiple fragments of squamous epithelium are also seen with necrotic tissue in vicinity and acute inflammatory exudate. Few cells show multinucleation, molding and margination of chromatin, showing the characteristic morphological features of Herpes oesophagitis. The patient was administered platinum-based Chemotherpy.

scholarly journals Thymic rebound hyperplasia post-chemotherapy mistaken as disease progression in a patient with lymphoma involving mediastinum: a case report and reflection

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Qiu ◽  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
He Huang ◽  
Zhen Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Thymic Hyperplasia ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Thymus Tissue

Abstract Background Chemotherapy can cause thymic atrophy and reduce T-cell output in cancer patients. However, the thymus in young adult patients has regenerative potential after chemotherapy, manifesting as thymic hyperplasia which can be easily mistaken as residual disease or recurrence in patients suffering lymphoma. Case presentation This study reports a case of lymphoma in a young female adult who was initially diagnosed with an anterior mediastinal mass, and was found to have soft tissue occupying the anterior mediastinum repeatedly after chemotherapy, suggesting a lymphoma residue or disease progression. From discussions by a multi-disciplinary team (MDT), the anterior mediastinal mass of the patient was considered unknown and might be thymus tissue or tumor tissue, and it was eventually identified as thymus tissue via histopathology. Conclusions The anterior mediastinal mass appearing after chemotherapy in patients with lymphoma can be considered as enlarged thymus, and such phenomenon is frequent in young adult patients who undergo chemotherapy or autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Additionally, detection of thymic output cells in peripheral blood might be a feasible approach to differentiate thymic hyperplasia from lymphoma.

scholarly journals Huge complex mediastinal mass presenting as a rare variant of lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2271-2278
Author(s):  
Hira Pervez ◽  
Salwa Pervez ◽  
Soomro Niaz ◽  
Saima Imam
Keyword(s):  
Rare Variant ◽  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Mediastinal Tumors ◽  
Neurogenic Tumors

The mediastinum is the space that separates the lungs from the rest of the chest. The most common mediastinal masses are neurogenic tumors (20% of mediastinal tumors), followed by thymoma (15-20%). Other masses include lymphoma, pheochromocytoma, germ cell tumors, including teratoma, thyroid tissue, and parathyroid lesions. Lymphoblastic leukemias/lymphomas are neoplasms of precursor T cells and B cells also known lymphoblasts. World Health Organization (WHO) classification has unified these entities as precursor B-cell and T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. We present here a rare variant of non-Hodgkins lymphoma in a 12-year-old female who complained of worsening dyspnea and lower left-sided chest pain. The patient was empirically treated with anti-tuberculous drugs without relief. On admission, a CT scan chest showed an anterior mediastinal mass approximately 25x12.5 cm adherent to the mediastinal structures. Resection of the mass was done sparing the phrenic nerve. The sample was sent for histopathology which suggested small cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and positive tumor markers. Rare occurrence of this ailment can lead to mistakes with the diagnosis.  Therefore the uniqueness of our case lies in the fact that a T-LBL can present with such a huge mass.

scholarly journals Pericardial synovial sarcoma presenting with unstable angina

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
Kirsten Y Wong ◽  
Eric Hong ◽  
Chee-Meng Fong ◽  
Poo-Sing Wong
Keyword(s):  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Synovial Sarcoma ◽  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Artery Bypass Graft ◽  
Circumflex Artery ◽  
External Compression

A 43-year-old man had an incidental finding of a large anterior mediastinal mass. He suddenly presented with unstable angina and an emergency coronary angiogram showed severe proximal circumflex artery and left anterior descending artery stenosis from external compression. He underwent emergency coronary artery bypass graft surgery and excision of the tumor. At surgery, the tumor was found to be invading the left ventricle, so debulking of the mediastinal tumor was performed. Histology showed a biphasic pericardial synovial sarcoma. The patient was recommended chemotherapy and radiotherapy but he refused. He died 13 months after surgery.

scholarly journals Superior mediastinal masses in children – two cases of lymphoma

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
A C Jeevarathnum ◽  
A Van Niekerk ◽  
D Parris ◽  
K De Campos ◽  
W Wijnant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Superior Vena Caval ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mediastinal Masses ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Superior Vena Caval Syndrome ◽  
Chest X Ray

<div><p>The exact incidence of superior mediastinal masses in children is largely unknown. They present as a spectrum of disease ranging from an incidental finding on a Chest X-Ray to being markedly symptomatic with superior vena caval syndrome or obstruction of the upper airways.  Lymphomas seem to be the most common causes of superior mediastinal masses in children.  We present two cases of confirmed T cell lymphoma in children with superior mediastinal masses.  In doing so, we explore a diagnostic approach and visit the complications the physician needs to be aware of when confronted with a child with a superior mediastinal mass.</p></div>

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