scholarly journals A comparison of sublingual with vaginal administration of misoprostol for induction of labor at term

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1398
Author(s):  
Monika D. Akare ◽  
Purvi K. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Induction Of Labor ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Vaginal Route ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Vaginal Administration ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Live Fetus ◽  
Failed Induction

Background: To compare the efficacy and safety of sublingual route of misoprostol with vaginal route of administration.Methods: This study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College, Baroda, Gujarat, India. 50 cases each with a singleton term pregnancy and a live fetus requiring induction of labor were allocated to sublingual and vaginal administration of misoprostol. Outcome measures related to labor and maternal and fetal side effects were compared between the 2 groups and evaluated using Chi square test and relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: The sublingual route of misoprostol was associated with a reduced risk of failed induction, reduced time from initiation to induction, reduced induction to delivery interval and a higher incidence of maternal and fetal side effects. However, the differences were not statistically significant.Conclusions: The sublingual route of administration of misoprostol is comparable in efficacy and safety to the vaginal route for induction.

scholarly journals A comparative study of intramuscular sulfate versus intravenous magnesium injection among eclampsia patients in Eastern, Uttar Pradesh, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2470
Author(s):  
Uzma Kauser ◽  
Anjali Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Effective Care ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Eastern Uttar Pradesh

Background: Hypertensive in pregnancy is the second most common cause of maternal mortality in India. Among the hypertensive disorders that complicate pregnancy, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia stand out as major causes of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. The majority of deaths due to pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are avoidable through the provision of timely and effective care to the women presenting with these complications. Objectives of this study were to find out the effectiveness of intravascular and intramuscular magnesium sulfate in management of eclampsia. To compare the side effects and complications of intravascular and intramuscular magnesium sulfate in management of eclampsia.Methods: A total 100 patients presenting with eclamptic fits reporting to the center that has been included in the study. The study has been conducted in the labor room of Nehru Chikitsalaya of B. R. D. Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh for 12 months duration period. Statistical analysis of observations has been done by Chi-square test with p-value <0.05 has been considered in the study.Results: Majority of eclampsia patients belonged to 20-25 years age group (63%) followed by above 30 years of age (22%).  Nearly 16% patients in IM MgSO4 group and 12% patients in IV MgSO4 received recurrence of seizure after starting of treatment (p value >0.5). About 26% patients in IM MgSO4 group and 18% patients in IV MgSO4 group had mild side effects of MgSO4 but no patients in both the group had major side effects of MgSO4.Conclusions: The study concludes that intramuscular injection of MgSO4 is painful and the chances of abscess formation that's why compliance of intramuscular MgSO4 is not very good in compared to intravascular infusion of MgSO4. The chances of Mg toxicity are more MgSO4 regimen because of the dose required in IM MgSO4 regimen is more (44gm) that of IV MgSO4 (28 gm).

scholarly journals Misoprostol for induction of labour: a comparative study of various routes of administration

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4583
Author(s):  
Bushra Ahmad ◽  
Chandna Shekhar ◽  
Sunita Jindal ◽  
Sangeeta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Study ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Induction Of Labor ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Successful Induction ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Failed Induction ◽  
Group B

Background: Oxytocin has been used for labor induction since very long, but with high rates of failed induction. The objective of this study is to compare the safety and efficacy of various routes of misoprostol for induction of labor at term. Design: Prospective randomized study was done at the department of obstetrics and Gynecology at the PGIMSR ESI Basaidarapur, New Delhi between August 2009 and July 2011.Methods: 150 pregnant women were randomized into three groups each to receive 50 mcg of Misoprostol via oral, sublingual and vaginal routes respectively. Doses were repeated 6 hourly for a maximum of 3 doses till the patient entered active stage of labor (clinically adequate contractions of 3/10 min of >40 s duration, and cervical dilatation of with 4 cm). Statistical analysis was done using chi-square test and ANOVA (one-way analysis of variance).Results: Mean number of dosage required for successful induction were significantly less in the vaginal group than oral and sublingual groups (in oral groups A were 2.1±0.42, sublingual 1.4±0.34, vaginal 1.1±0.29). The induction to delivery interval was significantly less in vaginal group than oral and sublingual groups (Group A oral 21.06±9.22 h, group B sublingual 16.81±8.08 h, group C vaginal 12.9±5.16 h 0.016 significant). Rate of caesarean was least in the vaginal group 12% vs 20% in oral and 26% in sublingual. All the three groups showed satisfactory neonatal outcomes.Conclusions: This study shows that vaginal route of administration of misoprostol is preferable to oral route and sublingual route for induction of labor when used in equivalent dosage of 50 mcg 6 hourly, however all three routes are well tolerated with favorable neonatal outcomes.

scholarly journals Sublingual versus vaginal use of Misoprostol for induction of labor

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4960
Author(s):  
Mamta Bansal ◽  
Indu Sharma ◽  
Jyoti Lagoo ◽  
Harish Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Induction Of Labor ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Sublingual Misoprostol ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Vaginal Misoprostol

Background: Induction of labor is one of the great challenges for obstetric care provider. Misoprostol is used for induction of labor by various routes with the advantages in being cheap and stable at room temperature and widely available even in resource-poor settings.Methods: A randomized controlled study was conducted in the obstetrics and gynecology department of Govt. Medical College and associated Maharani Hospital, Bastar, Chhattisgarh, India over a period of 1.75 years from September 2014 to May 2016. Study has comprised of 200 pregnant women admitted in the department for induction of labor fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was collected and analyzed by SPSS 16.0. z-test and chi-square test to compare the safety and efficacy of both the routes of misoprostol use for IOL.Results: There were insignificant differences in number of doses required for induction with satisfactory maternal and neonatal outcome but shorter (12 hours) induction delivery interval with sublingual Misoprostol induction. Most of the cases of both the groups were delivered by vaginal route (86% and 62%) within 12 hours of induction(58% and 42%) yet significant (p value < 0.001) number of cases had undergone caesarean in group of vaginal misoprostol administration (29%) with major indications of meconium stained liquor (3% and 12%) and non assuring fetal heart rate (1% and 10%).Conclusions: Although both the routes of induction by Misoprostol are well tolerated by the women with satisfactory neonatal outcome, sublingual Misoprostol has an added advantage of quicker delivery, less caesarean and ease of administration indicates better safety and effectiveness.

Perceptions of Final Year Medical Students about Family Medicine as A Career Choice in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dur-e- Nishat
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Family medicine is a field in which complete and detailed set of healthcare services are provided to the patients and their families. In developed countries, freshly graduated students choose family medicine as a priority for their career. However, in Pakistan it is not the case. The present study is undertaken to determine the perceptions of final year medical students’ about Family Medicine as a viable career. Methods: A total number of 504 students participated in the study. This was a cross-sectional study. The study participants were in their final year of medical college. Data was collected using a preapproved questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed via SPSS version 17 and Chi-Square test was used post-stratification. Results: Only 14.3% (n=72) medical students had heard about Family Medicine. Only 18% (n=92) would select family medicine as a profession. The most frequent rationale for choosing the field of Family Medicine was the variety of patients seen in general practice (55.4% n=51). Conclusion: There is a dire need to focus on increasing awareness about the field of family medicine among medical students. The students should be counseled on the advantages along with the disadvantages of choosing this field as a medical profession.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Pressure Ulcer Management among Nurses

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Shrestha ◽  
P Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Ulcer ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Experience Education

Background: Pressure ulcer (PU) development remains a significant complication among at-risk patients. It is considered “never events” because they are preventable and should “never” happen. It has been associated with increased morbidity, mortality, hospital cost and length of stay in the hospital. Prevention of pressure ulcers is considered a nurse-sensitive indicator hence nurses should have adequate knowledge about current evidence-based prevention and management of pressure ulcer. However, non adherence to these guidelines is frequent and lack of knowledge may act as barriers to using guidelines in clinical practice.Objectives: The objectives of the study were to 1. assess the knowledge of pressure ulcer management among nurses 2. determine the level of knowledge of pressure ulcer management among nurses 3. assess the association of knowledge of nurses and baseline variables.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted, using pretested self administered questionnaire to assess the knowledge on pressure ulcer management among purposively selected 100 nurses working in Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital in 2015. Descriptive statistics as frequency and percentage were used and inferential statistics (Chi-square test) was done to find out association between knowledge and selected baseline variables.Results: The study revealed that 59% of the respondents had adequate knowledge where as 41% of nurse’s knowledge was found to be inadequate. Significant association was not found between age, working ward, experience, education, training, duration and knowledge of pressure ulcer management among Nurses.Conclusion: This result indicates that more than half of the nurses had the adequate knowledge but there is still need of education and training related pressure ulcer management.Journal of Gandaki Medical CollegeVolume, 09, Number 2, July December  2016, Page: 47-51

scholarly journals ANTIBIOGRAM PROFILE AND BIOFILM FORMING POTENTIAL OF PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES ISOLATED FROM VARIOUS CLINICAL SPECIMENS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Jamsheera Cp ◽  
Ethel Suman
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Pseudomonas Species ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: The present study aimed at finding the resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Pseudomonas species isolated from various clinical specimens in the laboratory.Methods: A total of 150 isolates of different species of Pseudomonas obtained from various clinical specimens processed at the Microbiology laboratory of Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, were taken for this study. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and interpreted according to the CLSI guidelines. Biofilm assay was performed by modified O’Toole and Kolter method. The results were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 and Student’s unpaired t-test, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney, ANOVA, and Chi-square test. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Increased resistance was observed by P. aeruginosa to cefotaxime, cotrimoxazole, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ticarcillin clavulanate. There was also a good correlation between antibiotic resistance to aztreonam, netilmicin, and ceftazidime and biofilm production. Results of the present study, therefore, demonstrated the occurrence of resistance to various antipseudomonal agents among the biofilm-producing P. aeruginosa isolates.Conclusion: The present study may help in assessing the seriousness of drug resistance caused by biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa and devise strategies through antibiotic policies to minimize such problems.

scholarly journals ULTRASOUND PREDICTABILITY OF LOWER UTERINE SEGMENT CESAREAN SECTION SCAR THICKNESS

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Madhu Kumari ◽  
Kumari Bibha ◽  
Abha Sinha ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Uterine Scar ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Given

Objective: The objective of this study is to find out association between scar thickness, assessed sonographically, and intraoperative findings (IOF). Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sri Krishna Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarpur, Bihar from June 2019 to May 2020. Methodology: A total of 70 pregnant patients were included in this study. Transabdominal ultrasound was done for scarred uteri. Sonographic findings were co-related with introperative findings. All the given data were entered on SPSS version 23. Age was expressed as mean ± SD. Parity, gestational age, and interval between cesarean sections were expressed as frequencies with percentages. Statistical analysis was done by using Chi-square test for categorical data for association between sonographic scar thickness and intraoperative findings. The statistical significance was set at p-value <0.05. Results: The age range of the patients was 20- 36 years with a mean of 27.91 ±3.690 years. Gestational age at the time of cesarean section was between 27-40 weeks of gestation with a mean of 37 ±2.126 weeks. The interval from previous cesarean was 10 months at the minimum, and 6 years at the maximum with a mean of 2.29 ±1.0 months. Mean scar thickness was 2.5 mm. Association between scar thickness (<1-3 mm) and intaoperative findings of dehiscence and rupture showed a p-value of <0.001. Conclusion: Sonographic assessment of a uterine scar has a practical application to determine the thickness of previous scar, and assess its integrity.

scholarly journals N-Acetyl Cysteine Ameliorates Hepatotoxicity Associated with the Use of Methotrexate in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1008-1010
Author(s):  
Aamna Khokhar ◽  
Iram Kehkashan Khurshid ◽  
Sadia Lodhi ◽  
Alia Sarfaraz ◽  
Muhammad Arif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Trial Methodology ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Respective Treatment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Post Hoc

Background: Liver is not only involved in maintaining homeostasis but also exhibits significant role in metabolism and detoxification of various drugs and toxins. Aim: To explore the hepato-protective role of N-acetylcysteine against methotrexate induced hepato-toxicity. Study design: Randomized controlled trial. Methodology: This study having mice (n=18) was carried out after ethical review committee’s (ERC) approval at Foundation university medical college in collaboration of National institute of health, Islamabad in 2017. Single intraperitoneal injection (20mg/kg) of methotrexate induced hepato-toxicity. Hepatoprotective effect was assessed by oral administration N-acetylcysteine (50mg/kg) alone with methotrexate. The extent of liver damage and effect of protective agents were determined by measuring serum ALT, AST, ALP after 24 hours of respective treatment. Liver samples were taken for histological analysis. One way ANOVA followed by Post Hoc Tukey test was applied for multiple comparisons of biochemical markers between the groups. Histopathological findings were analyzed by Chi Square test. p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Significant (p < 0.05) hepatotoxicity was seen with substantial elevation in serum ALT, AST and ALP with methotrexate. N-acetylcysteine attenuated the methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity significantly (p < 0.05). The histopathological examination showed mild steatosis along with focal pleomorphism in the liver of mice that received methotrexate in comparison to group treated with N-acetylcysteine and methotrexate though minimal inflammation was seen. Conclusion: We concluded that N-acetylcysteine ameliorates the methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity on when used concomitantly. Keywords: Hepatotoxicity, N-acetylcysteine and Methotrexate

scholarly journals Variations in the course and branching pattern of musculocutaneous nerve

2013 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 195-199
Author(s):  
Amar Jayanthi A. ◽  
Arunkumar K G.
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Growth Cone ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
Axonal Pathfinding ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background and aim: The variations in the course and communicating branches of musculocutaneous nerve is of clinical importance in the treatment of recurrent compression neuropathies and in the diagnosis of median nerve lesions. Most of the reports on anatomical variations of musculocutaneous nerve are single case studies and such studies with emphasis on gender difference in a sample of Keralite population are rarely reported. The objective of the present study is to observe the variations in the course of musculocutaneous nerve with special reference to communications with other nerves of the arm and to study the correlation between gender and variations of the nerve. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and sixty four arms were dissected in the department of Anatomy, Government medical college, Thrissur and studied for variations of muculocutaneous nerve. Analysis was done with epi info, using proportions, confidence interval and Chi Square test. The communications noted were classified using the available classifications of Le Minor, Venieratos and Anagnostopoulou and Choi et al. Results: Nerve variations were seen in 24.2 % cases which include, absence of the nerve (3.4%), nerve not piercing coracobrachialis (12.4%) and communication to median nerve (15.1 %). All the variations observed were statistically not significant. The embryological basis for the axonal pathfinding is considered as a result of both guidance molecules and electrical activity that change the calcium homeostasis within the growth cone to regulate growth cone turning. Conclusion: Variations that were observed in the present study may give sufficient and relevant data on the nerves, among Keralite population in which studies are few.

scholarly journals Self-perception of side effects by adolescents in a chlorhexidine-fluoride-based preventive oral health program

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rita Duarte Guimaraes ◽  
Marco Aurélio Peres ◽  
Ricardo de Sousa Vieira ◽  
Rodrigo Melin Ferreira ◽  
Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Plaque Control ◽  
Descriptive Scale

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of adverse effects reported by adolescents following 14 days of use of a mouthrinse containing 0.05% NaF+0.12% chlorhexidine. METHODS: This double-blind study was developed as part of a randomized clinical trial. The adolescents enrolled to the study were randomly divided into two groups to use either: 0.05% NaF+0.12% chlorhexidine (G1, n=85) or 0.05% NaF (G2, n=85). Both groups used a 10mL solution of the mouthwash during 1 minute daily for 2 weeks under supervision. After that period, the subject's acceptance of taste was measured using a verbal descriptive scale (Labeled Magnitude Scale - LMS)11. Participants were also interviewed regarding the occurrence of possible adverse effects during treatment (temporary palate disorders, tooth staining or unpleasant taste). The proportional differences between the groups were tested using the chi-square test. RESULTS: Palate changes were reported by 26% of participants of each group; 17.7% of G1 and 32% of G2 reported an unpleasant taste (p = 0.062), while staining was reported by 55% of G1 and 68.9% of G2 (p = 0.117). Absenteeism rates were similar in both groups (G1= 2.58 ± 2.69; G2=2.81 ± 2.39), p=0.362. CONCLUSION: adherence was high in both groups and side effects reported by subjects were not perceived by them as being important. Since subjects' acceptance and compliance is fundamental to the success of an oral health program, chlorhexidine-fluoride could be a useful resource in a program of plaque control.

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