scholarly journals Medical treatment of endometriosis: an update

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Ezzat
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Multifactorial Disease ◽  
Pelvic Anatomy ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Reaction

Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial-like tissue (glands and stroma) outside the uterus, which induces a chronic inflammatory reaction, scar tissue, and adhesions that may distort a woman’s pelvic anatomy. Endometriosis is primarily found in young women, but its occurrence is not related to ethnic or social group distinctions. Patients with endometriosis mainly complain of pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia. Endometriosis is a very common debilitating disease that occurs in 6 to 10% of the general female population; in women with pain, infertility, or both, the frequency is 35-50%. This is an evidence based narrative review conducted by searching Medline up to (2017) and other online articles from Pubmed, Google scholar by using terms like Endometriosis, management, evidence based, updated treatment, pharmacoceutical hormon treatment and non-hormonal treatment. Articles were selected based on their currency and relevance to the discussion. Numerous cofactors can play a role in the progression and maintenance of endometriosis, which is thus a complex multifactorial disease. Hormonal therapy represents the treatment of choice in patients with endometriosis; with this in mind, we could consider CAM a supplementary option to be added to hormonal treatment, or as a valuable opportunity for those women in whom medical therapy is contraindicated.

Should All Endometriotic Cysts Be Removed?

2021 ◽  
pp. 274-287
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Papandreou ◽  
Angelos Daniilidis
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Endometrial Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Gray Areas

Endometriosis is a chronic condition that affects 5-10% of women of reproductive age. It is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, which induces a chronic inflammatory reaction and formation of scar tissue and adhesions, resulting in the deformation of the female pelvis anatomy. Twenty-five to fifty percent of women with infertility suffer from endometriosis, while 30-50% of infertile women are diagnosed with the disease. Endometrioma is a benign cyst of the ovary that contains ectopic endometrial tissue and is a common cause of endometriosis. There are some gray areas regarding clinical decisions and endometriotic cysts. The chapter aims to present current evidence regarding optimal management of endometriotic cysts.

scholarly journals Endometriosis: Unveiling the contemporary issues in diagnosis and treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Adetokunbo O Fabamwo ◽  
Onyinyechi J Agbara
Keyword(s):  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Pelvic Anatomy ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of ectopic endometrial-like tissue in extra-uterine sites which may induce chronic inflammatory reaction, scar tissue, and adhesions that may distort the pelvic anatomy. The true prevalence of the disease is not known. The disease usually affects women of the reproductive age group and is most typically diagnosed in women aged between 25-30years. Some of the factors which increase the risk of disease include early menarche, shorter menstrual cycles and nulliparity. The symptoms are often non-specific making diagnosis difficult with resultant delay in initiation of appropriate therapy. However, chronic cyclical or non-cyclical pelvic pain with or without menstrual abnormality is common. This review describes the various management options in endometriosis with emphasis on the effective medical and surgical interventions which are useful in the developing world.

A role for traditional doctors in health promotion: experience from a trial of HIV prevention in Botswana

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Cockcroft ◽  
Leagajang Kgakole ◽  
Nobantu Marokoane ◽  
Neil Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Discussion Groups ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Structural Intervention ◽  
One Year

Traditional doctors have been largely ignored in HIV prevention, particularly primary prevention. As part of a structural intervention programme to reduce HIV risk among young women in Botswana, we trained 147 traditional doctors in four districts as well as government health education assistants (HEAs) and teachers to run discussion groups in the community and schools, using an evidence-based eight-episode audio-drama, covering gender roles, gender violence, and how these are related to HIV risk. One year later, we contacted 43 of the 87 trained traditional doctors in two districts. Most (32) were running discussion groups with men and women, with links to the local HEAs and teachers. They were adept at recruiting men to their groups, often a challenge with community interventions, and reported positive changes in attitudes and behaviour of group participants. Traditional doctors can play an important role in primary prevention of gender violence and HIV.

scholarly journals Smoking during pregnancy in Finland – Trends in the MATEX cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 890-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabell K. Rumrich ◽  
Kirsi Vähäkangas ◽  
Matti Viluksela ◽  
Mika Gissler ◽  
Heljä-Marja Surcel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Trigger Point ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Smoking Rate ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Spatial Trends ◽  
Eastern Finland

Aims: In Finland, smoking rates in the general population are decreasing due to increased awareness of the adverse effects and tightened tobacco legislation. However, previous studies have shown that smoking in pregnant Finnish women remained as high as in the general Finnish female population at around 15% in 2010. Our aim was to describe temporal and spatial trends in smoking behaviour, and determinants of changes in smoking behaviour between first and second pregnancy. Methods: Self-reported smoking from the Finnish Medical Birth Register covered the years 1991–2015 ( N=1,435,009). The association of maternal age and socioeconomic status with smoking rate was analysed. Spatial trends were assessed at municipality level. Results: The overall smoking rate during early pregnancy remained fairly stable at around 15% from 1991 to 2015, but increased in teenage and young women below 25 years of age. The mean smoking rate (36%) was higher in these age groups than in older pregnant women (11%). Through the study period the smoking rate remained higher in blue collar workers compared with higher socioeconomic groups. Between the first and second child, on average only 4% of women started to smoke and 41% quitted. Smoking rates developed less favourably in Eastern Finland. Conclusions: The observed increase in smoking rate during pregnancy in teenage and young women is concerning. Pregnancy is a trigger point for smoking cessation in a big fraction of pregnant women. More studies are needed to explain the opposite trends of smoking rates in Northern and Western Finland compared with Eastern Finland.

scholarly journals Excess of Plasma Cells with Pseudo-Gaucher Cells in a Case of Tuberculosis - A Case Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
A Palta ◽  
P Dhiman ◽  
J Ram
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Lytic Lesion ◽  
Rare Finding ◽  
Antitubercular Treatment ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Reaction

This report describes a case of 50 year old woman fever and bony pains with lytic lesion in skull. A polyclonal band was seen in γregion on serum electrophoresis. Bone marrow examination showed excess of plasma cells along with many Pseudo- Gaucher cells. The diagnosis of chronic inflammatory reaction was made. Although stain for AFB was negative, the patient responded to antitubercular treatment. The presence of pseudo-gaucher cells along with plasmacytosis is a rare finding in tuberculosis. SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases & HIV/AIDS; 2012; IX(2) 30-32 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v9i2.7976

Controversies in the management of early endometrial carcinoma: an update

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2124 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Reddi Rani ◽  
Jasmina Begum ◽  
K. Sathyanarayana Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Fertility Sparing Surgery ◽  
Fertility Sparing ◽  
Cure Rates

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the commonest genital tract malignancy in developing countries and is usually confined to the uterus at the time of diagnosis with excellent prognosis and high cure rates. But the management is associated with lot of controversies like in staging, best surgical approach, extent of lymphadenectomy, adjuvant therapy, fertility sparing surgery in young women etc. A thorough surgical staging is important to determine uterine and extrauterine spread and also understanding of the pathophysiology and management strategies to identify women who are at high risk and tailoring the adjuvant treatment if necessary without increasing the morbidity. This evidence based narrative review conducted by searching Medline (1994- 2015) and other online articles from Pubmed, Google scholar. Articles were selected based on their currency and relevance to the discussion they summarize the current literature to provide an approach to best practice management of early endometrial carcinoma.

Effect of Pantopaque myelography on cerebrospinal fluid fractions

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darwin J. Ferry ◽  
Ronald Gooding ◽  
Jim C. Standefer ◽  
G. Michael Wiese
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) changes induced by Pantopaque myelography were determined by comparing samples of CSF from 47 patients with disc symptoms, obtained before and after myelography. Cell count, total protein, colloidal gold curve, and CSF protein electrophoretic patterns were compared. An immediate and persistent modest lymphocytosis was found. Total protein and CSF gamma globulin were elevated 3 weeks after myelography and throughout the remainder of the 80-day study period. This CSF profile characterizes a chronic inflammatory reaction induced by Pantopaque.

scholarly journals Effects of the polypropylene mesh implanted through inguinotomy in the spermatic funiculus, epididium and testis of dogs

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 461-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Goldenberg ◽  
Joaquim Ferreira de Paula
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Polypropylene Mesh ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deferent Duct ◽  
Pampiniform Plexus ◽  
Group A ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Group B ◽  
Surgical Manipulation

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of polypropylene mesh, implanted by inguinotomy, in the spermatic funiculus, epididium and testis of dogs. METHODS: Eighteen dogs were considered (12-23 Kg), separated in three groups. Group A (n=7): left side (with mesh) versus right side (without mesh); Group B (n=7): left side (without mesh) versus right side (with mesh) and Group C (n=4): without any surgical manipulation (control group). After being observed for 60 days, the animals were subjected to bilateral removal of the spermatic funiculus, epididium and testis that were submitted to histological analysis. During the re-operation, a macroscopic evaluation was performed. RESULTS: On the mesh side, we noted 100% of mesh adherence to the posterior wall of the inguinal canal, as well as the adherence of the spermatic funiculus to the mesh. A congestion of the pampiniform plexus was noted in three animals. Chronic inflammation reaction and foreign body reaction in the spermatic funiculus was observed in 100% of the animals. On the side that did not carry a mesh, chronic inflammatory reaction was observed in 71% of the animals. All the animals presented chronic inflammatory reaction in the deferent duct in the mesh side and in eleven animals in the side without the mesh. These alterations were not found in Group C. There was a considerable statistical reduction in the average difference of the diameter of the lumen of the deferent duct in the mesh side. In the epididium and testis, macro and microscopic alterations were not significant, although one animal presented a marked reduction of spermatogenesis on the mesh side. CONCLUSION: The polypropylene mesh, when in contact with the spermatic funiculus of dogs, causes a more intense chronic inflammatory reaction and a significant reduction in the diameter of the lumen of the deferent duct.

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