scholarly journals Sexual satisfaction and associated individual factors among midlife and older people in Ile-Ife, Southwest Nigeria: implications for sexual and reproductive health

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 4045
Author(s):  
Rhoda Oluwatofunmi Omotosho ◽  
Bola Lukman Solanke
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Background: Studies in Nigeria have rarely documented the prevalence and associated factors of sexual satisfaction among the midlife and older persons as a special group of underserved population in the country. This study investigates the prevalence and individual associated factors of sexual satisfaction among the midlife and older people in Ile-Ife, Southwest Nigeria.Methods: A sample size of 404 was analysed in the study. The outcome variable was sexual satisfaction. The explanatory variables are sets of individual and relational characteristics. Data were analysed using Stata 14. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression models were estimated.Results: Findings reveal 42.0% level of sexual satisfaction. Higher educational attainment (AOR=0.864, p<0.01; 95% CI: 0.841-0.886), longer length of marriage (AOR=0.931, p<0.01; 95% CI: 0.912-0.950), remarriage (AOR=0.536, p<0.01; 95% CI: 0.387-0.742), economic inactivity (AOR=0.456, p<0.01; 95% CI: 0.322-0.646) reduces the odds of sexual satisfaction while absence of serious health challenges (AOR=2.742, p<0.01; 95% CI: 1.594-4.716) and spousal high wealth level (AOR=1.038, p<0.01; 95% CI: 1.017-1.059) increase the odds of sexual satisfaction.Conclusions: Individual characteristics of midlife and older men and women are significantly associated with their sexual satisfaction. These characteristics should be targeted in a special programme focusing on midlife and older persons in Nigeria. 

scholarly journals Association between multimorbidity patterns and disability among older people covered by long-term care insurance in Shanghai, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zijing Wang ◽  
Wenjia Peng ◽  
Mengying Li ◽  
Xinghui Li ◽  
Tingting Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
Long Term Care Insurance

Abstract Background Functional disability and multimorbidity are common among older people. However, little is known about the relationship between functional disability and different multimorbidity combinations. We aimed to identify multimorbidity patterns and explore the associations between these patterns and functional disability. Methods We investigated a multi-stage random sample of 1871 participants aged ≥60 years and covered by long-term care insurance in Shanghai, China. Multimorbidity was defined as the simultaneous presence of two or more chronic diseases in an individual. Participants completed scales to assess basic and instrumental activities of daily living (BADL and IADL, respectively). Multimorbidity patterns were identified via exploratory factor analysis. Binary logistic regression models were used to determine adjusted associations between functional disability and number and patterns of multimorbidity. Results Multimorbidity was present in 74.3% of participants. The prevalence of BADL disability was 50.7% and that of IADL disability was 90.7%. There was a strong association between multimorbidity and disability. We identified three multimorbidity patterns: musculoskeletal, cardio-metabolic, and mental-degenerative diseases. The cardio-metabolic disease pattern was associated with both BADL (OR 1.28, 95%CI 1.16–1.41) and IADL (OR 1.41, 95%CI 1.19–1.68) disability. The mental-degenerative disease pattern was associated with BADL disability (OR 1.55, 95%CI 1.40–1.72). Conclusions Multimorbidity and functional disability are highly prevalent among older people covered by long-term care insurance in Shanghai, and distinct multimorbidity patterns are differentially associated with functional disability. Appropriate long-term healthcare and prevention strategies for older people may help reduce multimorbidity, maintain functional ability, and improve health-related quality of life.

scholarly journals The Global Impact of COVID-19 on Craniomaxillofacial Surgeons

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin van der Tas ◽  
Thomas Dodson ◽  
Daniel Buchbinder ◽  
Stefano Fusetti ◽  
Michael Grant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Study Design: The COrona VIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted craniomaxillofacial (CMF) surgeons practice worldwide. We implemented a cross-sectional study and enrolled a sample of CMF surgeons who completed a survey. Objective: To measure the impact that COVID-19 has had on CMF surgeons by (1) identifying variations that may exist by geographic region and specialty and (2) measuring access to adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) and identify factors associated with limited access to adequate PPE. Methods: Primary outcome variable was availability of adequate PPE for health-care workers (HCWs) in the front line and surgeons. Descriptive and analytic statistics were computed. Level of statistical significance was set at P < .05. Binary logistic regression models were created to identify variables associated with PPE status (adequate or inadequate). Results: Most of the respondents felt that hospitals did not provide adequate PPE to the HCWs (57.3%) with significant regional differences ( P = .04). Most adequate PPE was available to surgeons in North America with the least offered in Africa. Differences in PPE adequacy per region ( P < .001) and per country ( P < .001) were significant. In Africa and South America, regions reporting previous virus outbreaks, the differences in access to adequate PPE evaporated compared to Europe ( P = .18 and P = .15, respectively). Conclusion: The impact of COVID-19 among CMF surgeons is global and adversely affects both clinical practice and personal lives of CMF surgeons. Future surveys should capture what the mid- and long-term impact of the COVID-19 crisis will look like.

scholarly journals Associations Between Perceived Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Nutrition Messaging: Results from a Population-Based Survey Among US Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1364-1364
Author(s):  
Brianna Dumas ◽  
Seung Hee Lee ◽  
Sohyun Park ◽  
Diane Harris ◽  
Christopher Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Tailored Communication

Abstract Objectives Fruit and vegetable (FV) intake among US adults is low, and one strategy to increase FV intake is through tailored messaging. We examined associations between perceived FV intake and nutrition messaging using 2018 national panel data of US adults. Methods The outcome variable—perceived FV intake—was determined by one question: “In a usual week, do you feel that you eat as much FV as you need?” Response options were “Yes, I definitely do; Yes, I think so; I'm not sure; No, I don't think so; No, I definitely don't.” Three explanatory variables were: ‘More children & adults should eat the recommended daily amount of vegetables…fewer than 1 in 10 do.’ (OneinTen); ‘States & communities can help people consume more FV… in the places…live, work, learn & play.’ (LivePlay); ‘Adults should fill half their plate with FV at every meal’ (HalfFV). For each message, respondents were asked to indicate agree/neither/disagree with the 3 response statements: ‘This message was easy to understand.’ (Easy to Understand); ‘This message was convincing.’ (Convincing); and ‘I learned something new from this message’ (Learned Something New). Three multinomial logistic regression models were fit to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) controlled for sociodemographic variables. Results Overall, 37.4% of adults perceived eating enough FV, 13.8% were unsure, and 48.8% perceived not eating enough FV. There was highest agreeance that all messages were easy to understand (77.9%–82.5%) across all strata. Across all strata, LivePlay and OneinTen showed the largest variation in agreeance for learned something new (25.5%–60.3%). Those who perceived not eating enough FV were less likely to report learning something new from LivePlay (aOR = 0.7), and less likely to find HalfFV convincing (aOR = 0.6). When compared to those who perceived eating enough FV, those who were unsure were less likely to find all messages easy to understand and convincing, and less likely to report learning something new from LivePlay (aOR = 0.4) and HalfFV (aOR = 0.6). Conclusions Our results suggest that there is a future opportunity for tailored communication efforts, especially for those who perceived not eating enough FV, and those who are unsure if they eat enough FV. Funding Sources Author's time from their institutions.

scholarly journals The determinants of travel mode choice: the case of Łódź, Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (44) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szymon Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Life Study ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Private Transportation ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

AbstractIn this study, potential factors influencing the decisions made by citizens of the city of Łódź, Poland, regarding the choice of transportation mode used in their daily travel activities were examined. In addition to a brief literature review, an empirical study was performed. Data from a previous quality-of-life study were used to enhance the scope of explanatory variables in a regression model. In order to identify the determinants of travel behaviour, binary logistic regression models were used. The results show that socio-demographic characteristics of respondents and household access to a car most influenced transport mode choices. Also, the relationship between geographic distances and subjective opinions regarding public transport were found to be statistically significant. The determinants for choosing either public or private transportation varied.

scholarly journals Aged Persons Living with HIV and Nutritional Wellness: Analysis of 2013 South Africa-SAGE Well-Being of Older People Study (WOPS) Wave 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Joseph Kojo Oduro ◽  
Kwaku Kissah-Korsah
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Older People ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Young Old

Introduction. This study sought to examine the nutritional wellness among aged persons living with HIV in Somkhele, South Africa. Methods. Data were extracted from the 2013 South Africa-SAGE Well-Being of Older People Study (WOPS) Wave 2. The study sampled 440 aged persons (50 years and above). The proportion of the aged persons with high nutritional wellness by key covariates was reported with chi-square and p -values ( p < 0.05 ). Two-level binary logistic regression models were fitted. Results. Results show that there were more aged women (79.8%) than men (20.2%) and the younger old (50–64) dominated (65.7%) in the ages, among the respondents. A higher percent of the aged persons were widows (39.5%) and had no formal education (46.1%). Six in 10 aged persons were HIV infected (59.5%). Percentage distribution of men with high nutrition was higher (78.7%). Regression results show that having nutritional wellness was low for aged persons who were infected by HIV (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.69, 1.26) when compared to those who were not infected. Regarding ages of respondents, having high nutritional wellness was higher for young old (65–74 years) (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.65, 2.25) compared to younger old (50–64 years). Conclusion. This study suggests that age, education, source of drinking water, household source of income, and financial situation are important for nutritional wellness of aged persons who are HIV infected in South Africa. Moreover, having HIV infection is associated with low nutritional wellness. Being a young old (65–74 years) and receiving government grants and with better financial situation is associated with high nutritional wellness. Stakeholders and agencies who have interest in aged persons affected by HIV must understand the socioeconomic status in relation to their nutritional wellness. The results are of great importance to ageing policies, specifically in health and nutrition.

scholarly journals Prevalence of constipation in adults with obesity class II and III and associated factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Aparecida Silveira ◽  
Annelisa Silva e Alves de Carvalho Santos ◽  
Jessivane Nascimento Ribeiro ◽  
Matias Noll ◽  
Ana Paula dos Santos Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Obesity Class ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Rome Iii

Abstract Background Constipation and obesity have common risk factors. However, little is known about the occurrence of constipation in individuals with severe obesity and the associated factors. Objective To evaluate the prevalence of intestinal constipation and its associated factors in adults with obesity class II and III. Method This study analyzed baseline data from a randomized clinical trial with adults aged 18–64 with a Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2, living in the metropolitan region of Goiânia, Brazil. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing sociodemographic, lifestyle, level of obesity, presence of comorbidities, water intake and food consumption variables. The outcome variable was constipation assessed by the Rome III criteria and the Bristol Stool Form Scale. Multiple Poisson regression analysis was used to assess the association between explanatory variables and the outcome. Results Among the 150 participants, the prevalence of constipation was 24.67% (95% CI: 17.69–31.64). After multiple regression analyses constipation was associated with polypharmacy (adjusted PR: 2.99, 95% CI: 1.18–7.57, p = 0.021), younger age group i.e. 18–29 years (adjusted PR: 3.12, 95% CI: 1.21–8.06, p = 0.019) and former smoking (adjusted PR: 3.24, 95% CI: 1.28–9.14, p = 0.014). There was no statistically significant association between constipation and daily consumption of fiber-rich foods, however, the non-consumption of whole grains was borderline significant (adjusted PR: 2.92, 95% CI: 1.00 to 8.49, p = 0.050). Conclusion A high prevalence of constipation was found in adults with obesity class II and III. Constipation was significantly associated with the simultaneous use of five or more medications, younger age group and being a former smoker.

scholarly journals Identifying the Factors That Increase the Probability of an Injury or Fatal Traffic Crash in an Urban Context in Jordan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7464
Author(s):  
Tasneem Miqdady ◽  
Juan de Oña
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Traffic Crash ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Urban Road ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Significant Factors

The lack of robust studies carried out on urban roads in developing countries makes it difficult to enhance traffic safety, ensuring sustainable roads and cities. This study analyzes the contribution of a number of explanatory variables behind crashes involving injuries on arterial roads in Irbid (Jordan). Five binary logistic regression models were calibrated for a crash dataset from 2014–2018: one for the full database, and the others for the four main crash causes identified by Jordanian Traffic Police reports. The models show that whatever the crash cause, the three most significant factors linked to an injury or fatality lie in urban road sections that are in large-scale neighborhood areas, have fewer than six accesses per kilometer, and have a low traffic volume (under 500 veh/h/ln). Some of these results agree with previous studies in other countries. Jordan’s governmental agencies concerned with urban road safety might use these results to develop appropriate plans and implement priority actions for each crash cause, in addition to undertaking further research for comparative purposes.

scholarly journals Social care and health outcomes in ageing: exploring measures of multimorbidity

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Henery
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe older population within developed countries is increasing, leading to increased pressure on health services. Most of this demographic have multiple conditions (multimorbidity), which is difficult to measure in a methodological context. In Scotland, efforts are being made to integrate health and social care under one body in order to provide a person-centred environment where older people with complex needs receive tailored care. In this context it is important to consider the effect of social care in conjunction with multimorbidity on health outcomes to target care provision. ObjectivesThis study intends to determine which is the best tool for predicting both mortality and care uptake amongst older people. The effect of care on mortality in conjunction with multimorbidity is also considered. This study also attempts to derive the best predictive model for both mortality and care uptake, using additional explanatory variables such as deprivation. MethodsThis quantitative longitudinal study uses a linked SMR admissions and social care census dataset from 2010-2015. It considers the impact of multiple measures of multimorbidity (such as ICD-10 flagged condition indices or prescription scores) on outcomes such as mortality, receipt of informal care or admissions using nested logistic regression models with summary statistics such as the AIC, BIC, R-squared and ROC curve. Projected resultsBased on literature, it is hypothesised that diagnosis-based indices (such as the Charlson Index) will perform best at predicting mortality, whilst prescription-based scores (such as the Chronic Disease Score) will perform best at predicting admissions.

scholarly journals Regional Mobility and Spatial Inequality: Determinants of Spatial Labor Market Behavior Considering Firm- and Region-Specific Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-514
Author(s):  
Franziska Ganesch
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Spatial Inequality ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Market Behavior ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Structural Indicators

Abstract Regional disparities exist between states as well as within countries. In the Federal Republic of Germany, as a result of reunification, there are still considerable regional differences in terms of economic conditions. Local economic and structural circumstances affect individual employment opportunities and can be a motive for migration. Based on rational-economic approaches, the article examines the spatial labor market behavior of full-time employees subject to social security contributions, taking into account individual, firm-specific and regional characteristics. Workplace mobility is analyzed as a job move between the macro regions of North, South and East Germany. For this purpose, a linked employer-employee dataset (LIAB) from the “Institute for Employment Research” is used, supplemented by regional structural indicators (INKAR) at the level of the spatial planning regions. The analyses using binary logistic regression models show that transregional mobility especially depends on individual characteristics such as age and qualifications. Regarding regional features, it can be seen that the emigration tendency of younger employees increases with the local level of unemployment. Overall, the results do not indicate that there is a single-track brain drain from structurally weak regions. Nevertheless, these regions face a problem in age-specific migration patterns. The outflow of young workers weakens structurally poor areas directly and permanently.

Intimate Partner Violence and its Association With Contraceptive Use Among Women in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (Spring 2019) ◽  
pp. 157-173
Author(s):  
Kashif Siddique ◽  
Rubeena Zakar ◽  
Ra’ana Malik ◽  
Naveeda Farhat ◽  
Farah Deeba
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Odds Ratios

The aim of this study is to find the association between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and contraceptive use among married women in Pakistan. The analysis was conducted by using cross sectional secondary data from every married women of reproductive age 15-49 years who responded to domestic violence module (N = 3687) of the 2012-13 Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey. The association between contraceptive use (outcome variable) and IPV was measured by calculating unadjusted odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals using simple binary logistic regression and multivariable binary logistic regression. The result showed that out of 3687 women, majority of women 2126 (57.7%) were using contraceptive in their marital relationship. Among total, 1154 (31.3%) women experienced emotional IPV, 1045 (28.3%) women experienced physical IPV and 1402 (38%) women experienced both physical and emotional IPV together respectively. All types of IPV was significantly associated with contraceptive use and women who reported emotional IPV (AOR 1.44; 95% CI 1.23, 1.67), physical IPV (AOR 1.41; 95% CI 1.20, 1.65) and both emotional and physical IPV together (AOR 1.49; 95% CI 1.24, 1.72) were more likely to use contraceptives respectively. The study revealed that women who were living in violent relationship were more likely to use contraceptive in Pakistan. Still there is a need for women reproductive health services and government should take initiatives to promote family planning services, awareness and access to contraceptive method options for women to reduce unintended or mistimed pregnancies that occurred in violent relationships.

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