scholarly journals Assessment of wash practices among women in urban slums of Berhampur, Odisha: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4846
Author(s):  
Radha Madhab Tripathy ◽  
Geeta Chand Acharya ◽  
Nivedita Karmee
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene

Background: Access to Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) is a pre- condition for people to acquire good health, well-being and benefit from economic development. WASH constitutes both provision of water and sanitation facilities and hygiene promotion. The study objective is to assess the practices and existing perceptions of water, sanitation and hygiene among women in urban slums of Berhampur.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 400 women (households) residing in urban slums of Berhampur from August2016-January 2017 by simple random sampling. Data was collected using a predesigned pretested questionnaire.Results: Out of the total, 62.3% respondents depended on public tap as major source of drinking water , 31.5% purified water before drinking , 68.5% allowed water to stand for a day before use , 86.5% practiced hand wash before meal , 33.2% practiced open defecation, 7% and74% used soap and water for handwashing before meal and after defecation respectively, 68.3% threw liquid wastes haphazardly, 59.8% threw solid wastes haphazardly into drains, 78.5% respondents children had a history of diarrhoea in the past 6 months and 86.8% had flies menace in their houses.Conclusions: Components such as purification of water (31.5%), open defecation (33.2%), hand washing with soap and water before meal (7%), indiscriminate disposal of waste suggest a long way to go to achieve the targets of SDG -6. Adequate IEC activities are needed for effective WASH Strategy implementation.

scholarly journals Burnout among medical students of a medical college in Kathmandu; A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253808
Author(s):  
Dhan Bahadur Shrestha ◽  
Nagendra Katuwal ◽  
Ayush Tamang ◽  
Agrima Paudel ◽  
Anu Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Participants

Background Medical students are more prone to burnout than the general population and students of other faculties due to the demanding nature of medical education with limited time and resources. Burnout has a negative impact on the academics and personal life of the students which can continue into their professional life and ultimately hamper patient care. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of burnout among medical students of a medical college and find its association with age, gender, and year of study. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students of a medical college in Kathmandu, Nepal from 14 January to 7 March, 2021. Stratified sampling followed by a simple random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire using the English version of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory adapted for students (OLBI-S) and analyzed in STATA version 15. Results The prevalence of burnout was found out to be 65.9% (n = 229). And of the remaining, 12.7% were exhausted, 11.4% were disengaged and 10.0% were neither exhausted nor disengaged. Burnout had no significant association with age in years, gender, and year of study. Conclusions This study shows an alarming prevalence of burnout in almost two-thirds of medical students. These results indicate the necessity of employing effective strategies by relevant authorities for the mental well-being of future physicians. Further multicenter prospective studies are required for a better understanding of the prevalence and associated factors of burnout.

scholarly journals Self-Concept Influences the Hopes and Psychological Well- Being of Cancer Survivors in Surabaya, Indonesia: A Cross- Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Yesiana Dwi Wahyu Werdani
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Herth Hope Index ◽  
The Stability

Background: The stigma of cancer as a deadly disease greatly affects the patient’s perspective in shaping self-concept, which impacts on hopes and influences the stability of psychological well-being. The purpose of this study was to prove that the self-concept influences the hopes and psychological well-being of cancer survivors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Samples were 90 cancer survivors from three public health centers in Surabaya, Indonesia taken by simple random sampling. All participants completed the instruments of the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale, Herth Hope Index, and Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale. All the instruments were valid and reliable based on the test. Ethical feasibility has been conducted. The Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Test was applied to analyze the data with P < .05. Results: The demographic characteristics of cancer survivors include the age majority of 46-65 years (53%), female sex (80%), married (61%), having stage-III cancer (44%), diagnosed of cancer for 1–6 years (56%), having support system from nuclear families (73%), and actively involved in the community (66%). The mean score of self-concept is 78.2, hope 38.2, and psychological well- being 76.3. Self-concept had a significant effect on hope (r = .783, P = .000) and psychological well-being (r = .611, P = .000) Conclusions: Cancer survivors who had positive self-concepts are more likely to accept themselves, which triggers the formation of high hope for recovery and the achievement of positive psychological well-being.

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Practices in Rural Area of Goa: A Cross-sectional Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nilam Gaude ◽  
Archana Dessai
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene

Introduction: Access to water, sanitation and hygiene is a major challenge in developing nations and more among rural population. In India, Swachh Bharat Mission was launched with the objective to provide sanitation facilities and eliminate open defecation. Objective: To assess the existing facilities and practices related to drinking water, sanitation and hygiene among household members in the rural population of Goa. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the field practice area of Rural Health and Training Centre, Mandur, Goa. Individuals aged ≥ 18 years were interviewed from 100 households by house to house visits using semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Out of 100 households, 87 (87.0%) were having piped water supply into dwelling, 5 (5.0%) were using public tap and 8 (8.0%) were using water from well. Majority of the households, i.e., 94 (94.0%) were using sanitary latrine for defecation, 1 (1.0%) had community toilet and 5 (5.0%) were practicing open field defecation. Closed container was used by 89(89.0%) of the households for storing drinking water and 96 (96.0%) were using soap and water for hand washing. Conclusion: This study revealed that overall water and sanitation practices among the study population were satisfactory. However, measures need to be taken to abolish some of the bad practices such as open defecation and drainage of waste water in the open which was seen in few participants.

scholarly journals PERSONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS ANTECEDENTS OF MEANINGFUL WORK

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Tommasi ◽  
◽  
Andrea Ceschi ◽  
Riccardo Sartori
Keyword(s):  
Meaningful Work ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Organizational Characteristics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Level

"The contribution presents evidence of the role played by personal and organizational characteristics of employees in the experience of meaningful work. As referred to the individuals’ experience of value and significance of their work, meaningful work is a critical working phenomenon both for individuals (e.g., individuals’ well-being) and organizations (e.g., workers’ productivity). Therefore, a large number of studies have tried to understand its antecedents, however, it is still not clear about how and to what extent personal and organizational characteristics are associated with meaningful work. For instance, it is unclear the roles of a higher level of education as well as financial returns or good working conditions (e.g., high level of salary and good health insurance) for the pursuit of meaningful work. The contribution considers such a need for knowledge and aims to understand the antecedent role of personal and organizational characteristics in the experience of meaningful work. 570 Italian employees participated in a cross-sectional study that comprised measures of meaningful work and related facets, as well as questions on personal and organizational characteristics. Data were analyzed via the MANOVAs and results showed significant associations with meaningful work dimensions and personal characteristics, such as education, social class and health as well as organizational characteristics, such as job contract, job sector and salary."

Conflict Avoidance in Old Age

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Oberhauser ◽  
Andreas B. Neubauer ◽  
Eva-Marie Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs ( Sheldon, 2011 ). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.

scholarly journals Impact of Community-Led Total Sanitation and Hygiene on Prevalence of Diarrheal Disease and Associated Factors among Under-Five Children: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in Selected Woredas of Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Agune Ashole Alto ◽  
Wanzahun Godana ◽  
Genet Gedamu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gamo Gofa

Background. Diarrheal diseases are still one of the major causes of morbidity in under-five children in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, diarrhea is responsible for 9% of all deaths and is the major cause of under-five mortality. Objective. To assess the impact of community-led total sanitation and hygiene on the prevalence of diarrheal disease and factors associated among under-five children in Gamo Gofa Zone. Methods. Community-based comparative cross-sectional study design was used to compare the impact of community-led total sanitation and hygiene intervention on under-five diarrheal disease. Multistage sampling method was employed. The data were collected by using pretested structured questionnaires. Data quality was ensured by daily supervision completeness and consistency. The data were coded, entered, and cleaned by using Epi Info version 7 and were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were carried out by using binary logistic regression. Significance was declared by using p value of <0.05 and AOR with 95% confidence intervals. Results. The response rate of this study was 93.3%. The overall diarrhea prevalence was 27.5% (CI = (24.06, 30.97)) which was 18.9% (CI = (14.94, 23.2)) in implemented and 36.2%. (CI = (30.41, 41.59)) in nonimplemented woredas. Children whose age was between 12 and 23 months (AOR = 1.6) and greater than 24 months (AOR = 5), availability of handwashing facilities (AOR = 4), disposal of waste in open field (AOR = 9.7), unimproved source of drinking water (AOR = 6.5), using only water for handwashing (AOR = 6), children who started complementary feeding less than 6 months (AOR = 5.6) and greater than 6 months (AOR = 5.2), and utensils used to feed children such as bottle (AOR = 3.9) were the factors positively associated with diarrhea. Conclusion. The overall prevalence of under-five diarrhea was 27.5%. The prevalence was low in CLTSH woredas as compared with non-CLTSH woredas. The study showed that handwashing facility, using only water for handwashing, open refuse disposal, and unimproved source of drinking water among under-five had a statistically significant association with diarrhea occurrence in CLTSH nonimplemented areas. Integrated efforts are needed from the Ministry of Health together with the WASH Project in improving drinking water, handwashing facilities, and solid waste disposal practices.

Study of epidemiological determinants of undernutrition among adolescent girls in urban slums of Berhampur, Odisha: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sambedana Mohanty ◽  
Manasee Panda
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent girls are vulnerable to many problems, undernutrition being the most common. This results in growth restriction resulting in stunting, wasting, underweight and last but not the least iron-deficiency anaemia. Nutritional needs are high during puberty which later leads to complications during pregnancy and its outcomes.Materials and methodsA field based cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the nutritional status of the girls and to determine the various factors responsible for undernutrition. After clearance from the Institution Ethical Committee (IEC) and permission from Child Development Programme Officer (CDPO), the study was conducted in the anganwadi centres (AWC) of urban slums in the field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine from the 1st October 2014 to the 31st October 2016. All the adolescent girls enlisted in the seven anganwadi centres were included as study subjects with their consent. A pre-designed, pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on following sections. (a) socio-demographic profile and (b) nutritional status. Dietary intake was taken using the 24-h recall method. Anthropometry was measured and haemoglobin (Hb) was estimated. SPSS version 21 was used for descriptive and analytic statistics.ResultsAmong the 160 girls 98(61.3%), 69(43.1%), 53(33.1%) were underweight, stunted and wasted, respectively. Anaemia was present among 144(90%) of the girls.ConclusionStrict monitoring of weekly iron and folic acid supplementation (WIFS) as well as nutrition education are essential measures to solve the problem of undernutrition among adolescent girls.

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