scholarly journals A rare case of neomercazole induced hepatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1812
Author(s):  
Muralidhar Varma ◽  
Jaikaran Mansingh ◽  
Devyani Sivakumar ◽  
Rabia Dhalla ◽  
Sudha Vidyasagar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Antithyroid Drug ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Graves Disease

Neomercazole is one of the most commonly used drugs to treat hyperthyroidism. Common side effects include rash, hair loss and agranulocytosis. Hepatotoxicity is a common side effect of Propylthiouracil, the other major antithyroid drug, but it has been rarely described as a side effect of neomercazole. Here, a patient presents with hepatitis 6 months after starting neomercazole therapy for graves disease. Diagnosis is based on excluding other causes of hepatitis, and treatment involves removing the offending drug. This is followed by normalization of liver function. Rechallenging should not be done as it can lead to recurrence of symptoms.

scholarly journals Carbimazole induced rhabdomyolysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niamh O’Donnell ◽  
Aisling McCarthy ◽  
Ken Thong
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Temporal Relationship ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Antithyroid Drug ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
List Type ◽  
Musculoskeletal Complaints ◽  
Learning Points

Summary Carbimazole is a commonly used antithyroid drug (ATD), which is associated with several well-established side effects. However, Carbimazole-induced rhabdomyolysis is rarely reported in the literature. We report a 27-year-old male who presented with upper limb myalgia and significantly raised creatine kinase elevation, 1-month post commencement of Carbimazole for Graves’ disease. Carbimazole was ceased with subsequent clinical and biochemical improvement. Though the pathophysiology remains unclear, we hope to raise awareness regarding this rare adverse effect with a view to promote early recognition and prompt discontinuation of the offending medication caused by a commonly used medication in endocrinology. Learning points Musculoskeletal complaints can relate to unidentified and untreated hyperthyroidism. However one must be mindful that the treatment for these disorders can too induce myopathies. ATD-induced myopathy should be considered when there is a temporal relationship between introduction of ATDs and the onset of symptoms. If ATD-induced myopathy is being considered, other causes of myopathy should still be outruled. Prompt discontinuation of potentially offending medications may provide resolution of symptoms and avoid significant consequences.

scholarly journals Skin care physicians insight on epidemiological patterns, diagnosis and treatment modalities for female pattern hair loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Krishna Rajesh Kilaru ◽  
Suhasini Attada ◽  
Pooja Munnangi ◽  
Manogna Chowdary Kilaru
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Medication Cost ◽  
Female Pattern Hair Loss

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is a common cause of hair loss in women characterized by a diffuse reduction in hair density over the crown and frontal scalp with retention of the frontal hairline. The underlying pathophysiology is multifactorial. There are no universally agreed treatment guidelines available. The objective of the study was to understand the diagnosis and treatment pattern of female pattern hair loss and the role of minoxidil topical formulation and its combination in the management of FPHL.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>Predesigned questionnaire on FPHL was prepared based on review of literature and was filled by 80 consultant dermatologists. Recorded data was statistically analyzed.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>Common age of onset of FPHL was between 20 to 30 years. Majority (96.25%) have reported FPHL in association with psychological morbidity. The most preferred treatment in mild and severe FPHL was minoxidil 5% and platelet rich plasma (PRP) plus minoxidil respectively. Most dermatologists (47.5%) treated with minoxidil for over 6 months. Majority (27.5%) reported flaking as the most common side effect with minoxidil followed by dryness, scalp irritation and itching. Majority (27.5%) observed that long treatment duration was contributing to non-compliance followed by medication cost and side effects. Majority of the dermatologists (90%) felt the need for treatment guidelines in the current Indian scenario.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Minoxidil was the most common preferred treatment for mild and severe FPHL. PRP is the most common choice of combination therapy with minoxidil. Minimizing side effects, patient education and universal treatment guidelines can help manage FPHL better.  </p>

Dermatological side effects of immunotherapy drugs and targeted cancer therapies: Importance of dermatology and oncology collaboration

2020 ◽  
pp. 107815522097062
Author(s):  
Uğur Çelik ◽  
Ertuğrul H Aydemir ◽  
Burhan Engin ◽  
Muazzez Ç Oba ◽  
Mesut Yılmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Targeted Cancer Therapies ◽  
Dermatological Side Effects ◽  
Skin Side Effects

Introduction Novel anti-cancer drugs such as targeted cancer therapies and immune check-point inhibitors (ICIs) have adverse events, especially concerning the skin. The aim of this study is to report an overview of the commonly consulted dermatological side effects of ICIs and targeted cancer therapies in clinical practice, along with their management. Methods In this single-center study, we evaluated consecutive oncological patients who were referred from the oncology outpatient clinic to the dermatology outpatient clinic due to skin side effects of ICIs and targeted therapies. All patients were examined and treated at the same day of referral by experienced dermatologists. Patient characteristics, clinical findings, diagnostic workups and treatments were retrieved from outpatient records. Results Sixty three patients were enrolled. Most common diagnoses were lung carcinoma, melanoma and colon carcinoma. Fifty patients (79%) were using targeted therapies while 13 (21%) were using ICIs. Xerosis was the most common side effect (44%), followed by acneiform rash, paronychia, eczema and pruritus. Majority of the side effects were grade 2 and 3. Psoriasis was a common side effect of ICIs. One patient had a newly developed dysplastic nevus on vemurafenib treatment. Oncological treatment was not withheld in any of the patients. Conclusions This study revealed the most commonly consulted skin side effects of novel anti-cancer drugs and their management in daily practice. We underlie the importance of collaborative work of oncology and dermatology professionals as early management of cutaneous side effects of targeted therapies and ICIs improves patient outcomes.

Ophthalmic adverse effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors: the Mayo Clinic experience

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-316970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake Hugo Fortes ◽  
Harris Liou ◽  
Lauren A Dalvin
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Targeting Therapy

Background/AimsTo investigate immune-related ophthalmic side effects of systemic checkpoint inhibitors and compare side effect frequency and requirement for cessation of immunotherapy by checkpoint target.MethodsPatients taking immune checkpoint inhibitors at a single centre from January 1, 2010 to February 29, 2020 were retrospectively reviewed for clinical characteristics, treatments and concurrent systemic adverse effects.ResultsOf 996 patients, 28 (2.8%) experienced an ophthalmic side effect that came to the attention of an eye care provider. Mean age at presentation of the side effect was 63 years (median 64, range 25–88). The checkpoint inhibitor most often preceding side effects was pembrolizumab in 12 (43%). The most common side effect was dry eye in 16 (57%), followed by uveitis in 4 (14%) patients, and singular cases of ptosis and binocular diplopia, among others. Ocular surface adverse effects occurred more frequently with programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) targeting therapy. There were no significant differences in the frequency of orbit/ocular adnexa and uveitis or retinal side effects based on checkpoint targets. Follow-up was available in 13 (46%) patients, with mean duration of 20 months (median 16, range 2–52 months). Of these patients, the ophthalmic side effects were controlled without discontinuing therapy in 12 (92%). Checkpoint inhibitor cessation was required in one patient with panuveitis.ConclusionOphthalmic immune-related adverse events are rare but could be more common than previously estimated. PD-L1-directed checkpoint inhibitors may have a slight predilection for ocular surface adverse effects. Most ophthalmic events can be treated with targeted therapy without discontinuation of life-prolonging immunotherapy.

scholarly journals Side Effects of mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccines among Young Adults (18–30 Years Old): An Independent Post-Marketing Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1049
Author(s):  
Abanoub Riad ◽  
Andrea Pokorná ◽  
Jitka Klugarová ◽  
Natália Antalová ◽  
Lucia Kantorová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Young adults had been widely perceived as a low-risk group for COVID-19 severity; therefore, they were deprioritised within the mass vaccination strategies as their prognosis of COVID-19 infection is relatively more favourable than older age groups. On the other hand, vaccination of this demographic group is indispensable to achieve herd immunity. A cross-sectional survey-based study was used to evaluate the side effects of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines among university students in the Czech Republic. The validated questionnaire was delivered in a digital form, and it consisted of demographic data; COVID-19 vaccine-related anamnesis; and local, systemic, orofacial, and skin-related side effects’ prevalence, onset, and duration. Out of the 539 included participants, 70.1% were females and 45.8% were <23 years old. The vast majority (95.2%) reported at least one side effect. The most common side effect was injection site pain (91.8%), followed by fatigue (62.5%), headache (36.4%), and muscle pain (34.9%). The majority of local side effects occurred after both doses (74.4%), while most systemic side effects occurred after the second dose only (56.2%). Most local (94.2%) and systemic (93.3%) side effects resolved within three days after vaccination. Females participants’ adjusted odds ratio (AOR) showed they were 2.566 (CI 95%: 1.103–5.970) times more likely to experience post-vaccination side effects, and the participants who received two doses reported an increased AOR of 1.896 (0.708–5.077) for experiencing side effects. The results of this study imply that mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines are highly probably safe for young adults, and further studies are required to investigate the role of medical anamnesis, prior COVID-19 infection, and gender in side effects incidence.

The Initiation of Long-Term Pharmacotherapy in Schizophrenia: Dosage and Side Effect Comparisons Between Oral and Depot Fluphenazine*

1976 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina R. Schooler ◽  
J. Levine ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Moderate Severity ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThis report focuses on two comparisons between oral and depot fluphenazine specifically FPZ decanoate: 1) can equivalent dosages for the two drugs be established and do these equivalencies change over six months of treatment; 2) what are the side effects seen with the two drugs during the early weeks of administration.Patients in the study receive either oral or depot FPZ as the active treatment but in order to preserve double blind conditions, they are also given the other treatment in placebo form. No dosage equivalence is established by the protocol, however, if dosage is adjusted, both forms must be changed and in the same direction. During the first weeks of treatment there is a linear relationship between the two dosage forms but a range of relatively low dosages of the oral compound (5-20 mg) is associated with a single dose (25 mg/q 3 weeks) of FPZ decanoate. At higher dosages of the oral drug the relationship is linear. Side effects of some kind are noted in over 60 percent of patients in both treatment groups after four weeks of treatment, while symptoms of at least moderate severity occur in almost 40 percent. Only symptoms involving the extrapyramidal system and sleep disturbance are observed in more than 20 percent of the patients. Benztropine was prescribed only if needed and was administered to 65 percent of patients. In general, those receiving benztropine had more side effects than those who did not. These differences reached significance for extrapyramidal symptoms and depression.Based on these data, we conclude that at the dosages used in this study there are no side effect differences between these two forms of fluphenazine in the early weeks of administration. Dosage equivalence between the two drugs can be set within the range of 5- 60 mg/day oral and 12.5-100 mg/three weeks depot.

COVID-19 Vaccine and Fitness to Fly

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 698-701
Author(s):  
Daniel Gabbai ◽  
Aya Ekshtein ◽  
Omer Tehori ◽  
Oded Ben-Ari ◽  
Shachar Shapira
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Injection Site ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Injection Site Pain ◽  
Dose Administration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Site Pain ◽  
The U.S

INTRODUCTION: On December 2020 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized the emergency use of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. This new vaccine has several side effects that can potentially impair function, which warrants special attention regarding aircrews fitness to fly following vaccination.METHODS: A survey was conducted in the Israeli Air Force (IAF) Aeromedical Center in order to characterize the side effects and their duration following Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine administration to aviators.RESULTS: The most common side effect was injection site pain. Headache, chills, myalgia, fatigue, and weakness were more common following the second dose administration. The difference is statistically significant. Following the second vaccine, duration of side effects was longer compared to the first vaccine (P-value 0.002).CONCLUSION: The IAF Aeromedical center policy for Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine recipients among aircrew members, based on side effects duration and severity, is to temporarily ground from flight duties for 24 and 48 h following the first and the second dose, respectively.Gabbai D, Ekshtein A, Tehori O, Ben-Ari O, Shapira S. COVID-19 vaccine and fitness to fly. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021; 92(9):698701.

Hair Loss in the Course of Lithium Treatment: A Report of Two Cases*

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzy Yassa ◽  
Jambur Ananth
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Lithium Therapy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Underlying Factor ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Benign Thyroid

Two cases of hair loss attributed to lithium therapy are presented. In one case, lithium did not have to be discontinued, and in the other, hair loss led to noncompliance. This side effect is usually benign. Thyroid function tests should always be performed to exclude hypothyroidism as the underlying factor for this symptom.

Ophthalmic adverse effects of taxanes: The Mayo Clinic experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212096904
Author(s):  
Blake H Fortes ◽  
Harris Liou ◽  
Lauren A Dalvin
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Cystoid Macular Edema ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Canalicular Obstruction ◽  
Clinic Experience

Purpose: To investigate ophthalmic side effects of taxanes and compare side effect frequency, requirement for cessation of taxane therapy, visual acuity outcome, and concurrent systemic effects between paclitaxel and docetaxel. Methods: Patients taking taxanes at a single center from 1/1/2010 to 2/29/2020 were retrospectively reviewed for clinical characteristics, treatments, and concurrent systemic adverse effects. Results: Of 1918 patients, 22 (1.1%) experienced an ophthalmic side effect that came to the attention of an eye care provider. Mean age at presentation of the side effect was 62 years (median 66, range 23–82). The most common side effect was meibomian gland dysfunction in 5 (23%) patients, followed by cystoid macular edema in 4 (18%) patients and canalicular obstruction in 4 (18%) patients, followed by diplopia in 2 (9%) patients, and singular cases of lash alopecia, and blepharitis, among others. Lids/lashes as well as nasolacrimal duct adverse effects occurred more frequently with docetaxel therapy than with paclitaxel therapy. Follow-up was available in 10 (45%) patients, with mean duration of 5 months (median 4, range 0–12 months). Of these patients, the ophthalmic side effects were resolved or controlled without discontinuing therapy in 8 (80%) patients. Taxane cessation was required in one patient with docetaxel-related canalicular obstruction and one patient with paclitaxel-related cystoid macular edema. Conclusion: Ophthalmic taxane-related adverse events are rare with estimated frequency of ophthalmic side effects of about 1%. Nevertheless, it is important that ophthalmologists recognize the range of side effects for optimal management. Most ophthalmic events can be treated with targeted therapy without discontinuation of life-prolonging taxane therapy.

The influence of age on lithium efficacy and side-effects in out-patients

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Murray ◽  
S. Hopwood ◽  
D. J. K. Balfour ◽  
S. Ogston ◽  
D. S. Hewick
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hand Tremor ◽  
Age Related

SynopsisOne hundred and sixty-six unipolar and bipolar out-patients (21–78 years) on long-term lithium treatment were studied on a prospective basis. Although there was a possible tendency for manic attacks to increase in prevalence and severity with age, it was difficult to demonstrate a general age-related decline in lithium efficacy. There was a tendency for the prevalence and severity of fine hand tremor to increase with age. This was not seen with polydipsia/polyuria, the other typical lithium side-effect.

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