scholarly journals Retrospective study of impact of social factor in pediatric trauma at teaching hospital of Vindhya region of India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1743
Author(s):  
Lal Mani Singh ◽  
Vinod Yadalwar
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Pediatric Trauma ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Trauma Injury ◽  
One Year ◽  
Type Of Injury

Background: Pediatric trauma i.e. Fall, RTA, burn and other type of trauma is primarily seen in neglected young children, these children’s are unattended to and unprotected at home due to overburdened parents in nuclear family busy with various household and outdoor jobs. In present study aims to analyse the different aspect of social factors that related to trauma in pediatric age group.Methods: The present retrospective study was carried out in 367 patients of the age group <1-15 years during the period 2015-2016.A detailed history taking (from parents/relatives/children) and examination was done and all patients were assessed with regards to their age, sex, mode of trauma/injury, type of injury, site of trauma, place of trauma, and mortality, type of family, number of family members, parents job to create data. The children were classified according to age group. Modes of trauma were divided in groups; the types of injury were divided into subgroups. The places of trauma were divided into the following: Home, road, farm, school/playground or park and others.Results: Out of total 36.96% of cases were pediatric trauma, (127) belongs to the age group1-5 years. In the less than one year age group burns was the major cause of trauma (47.05%). Boys was dominating (63.21%) over girls (36.78%) on whole but girls were at an increased risk of burn injuries (32.59%) than boys (14.66%) most of the pediatric trauma occurred when the child was unaccompanied (59.9%) as compared to accompanied with elders (40.1%)unaccompanied male was more prone to injury than an accompanied. Head injury was (47.41%) and incidence of fall was (53.45%). Mortality rate was maximum (70.6%) in age group less than one year followed by 11-15 years age group (17.0%). mortality rate was higher in female15.67% as compare male 12.9.Conclusions: The study shows that needs to focus on maintain data analysis to make a policy for management of pediatric trauma, incidence of all type trauma can be reduced by awareness of society members, a large number of public illiterate and unaware even when literate to take care of children’s. Needs to make special awareness program to give a massage to society make well designed home and playground don’t make children’s free to play in road or other places except to play ground.

scholarly journals Maternal mortality at a tertiary health care: a retrospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1773
Author(s):  
Sona Singh ◽  
Nagendra Singh ◽  
Jagriti Kiran Nagar ◽  
Sarvesh Jain
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
One Year

Background: Maternal mortality is the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy irrespective of the duration and site of pregnancy from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy, but not from accidental or incidental causes. The aim of this study is to find out the causes of maternal mortality and the complications leading to maternal death.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the hospital records to study the maternal deaths and complication leading to maternal death over the period of one year from July 2016 June 2017 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bundelkhand Medical College, and associated hospital Sagar, Madhya Pradesh. All the maternal deaths were scrutinized for various aspects likely to be related to death such as age, locality of residence, antenatal care, admission death interval and the cause of death.Results: The maternal mortality ratio in the present study is 292.33/100,000 live births. There were 28 maternal deaths out of 9578 live birth during the study period. The majority of deaths occurred in the 20-30 age group. hemorrhage (32.14%) and hypertensive disorders (14.28%) are two most common direct cause of maternal deaths. 42.85% of maternal deaths occurred within the first twenty-four hours of admission. Post-operative and post abortal sepsis, amniotic fluid embolism and pulmonary embolism are other direct causes. Indirect causes of maternal deaths account for 21.42%. Severe anemia was the leading indirect causes of maternal deaths.Conclusions: Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, and anaemia remain the major cause of maternal deaths. Delay in decision making, provision of treatment and referral to tertiary centre contributed higher maternal mortality. This requires more efforts to recognize the direct and indirect causes of maternal deaths.

scholarly journals P099: Extending the trimodal distribution of death; trauma patients die at increased rates after discharge. Linking trauma registry data to vital statistics and hospital datasets identifies opportunities to save life

CJEM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
pp. S100-S100
Author(s):  
J. French ◽  
C. Somayaji ◽  
D. Dutton ◽  
S. Benjamin ◽  
P. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Trauma Registry ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
One Year

Introduction: The New Brunswick Trauma Registry is a database of injury admissions from eight hospitals throughout the province. Data tracks individuals in-hospital. By linking this information with vital statistics, we are able to observe outcomes post-discharge and can model health outcomes for participants. We want to know how outcomes for trauma patients compare with the general population post discharge. Methods: Using data from 2014-15, we followed over 2100 trauma registry observations for one year and tracked mortality rate per 1,000 people by age-group. We also compared the outcomes of this group to all Discharge Abstract Database (DAD) entries in the province (circa. 7500 total). We tracked mortality in-hospital, at six months, and one year after discharge. We truncated age into groups aged 40-64, 65-84, and 85 or older. Results: In-hospital mortality among those in the trauma registry is approximately 20 per 1,000 people for those age 40-64, 50 per 1,000 people for those aged 65-84, and 150 per 1,000 people aged 85 or older. For the oldest age group this is in line with the expected population mortality rate, for the younger two groups these estimates are approximately 2-4 times higher than expected mortality. The mortality at six-month follow-up for both of the younger groups remains higher than expected. At one-year follow-up, the mortality for the 65-84 age group returns to the expected population baseline, but is higher for those age 40-64. Causes of death for those who die in hospital are injury for nearly 50% of observations. After discharge, neoplasms and heart disease are the most common causes of death. Trends from the DAD are similar, with lower mortality overall. Of note, cardiac causes of death account for nearly as many deaths in the 6 months after the injury in the 40 -64 age group as the injury itself. Conclusion: Mortality rates remain high upon discharge for up to a year later for some age groups. Causes of death are not injury-related. Some evidence suggests that the injury could have been related to the eventual cause of death (e.g., dementia), but questions remain about the possibility for trauma-mitigating care increasing the risk of mortality from comorbidities. For example, cardiac death, which is largely preventable, is a significant cause of death in the 40-64 age group after discharge. Including an assessment of Framingham risk factors as part of the patients rehabilitation prescription may reduce mortality.

scholarly journals Malaria and associated co-morbidity in children admitted with fever manifestation in Western Ghana: A retrospective study

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1257-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verner N Orish ◽  
Joseph Y Ansong ◽  
Isaac B Anagi ◽  
Onyekachi S Onyeabor ◽  
Adekunle O Sanyaolu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Malaria Morbidity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Mild Malaria ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Children under five years of age are highly vulnerable to malaria infection and often face dire consequences such as severe malaria if they are not promptly and adequately treated with effective anti-malarial medications. We set out to evaluate malaria and associated co-morbidity among children admitted with febrile illness in Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana. Methodology: This retrospective study focused on children admitted with fever over a three-year period at the pediatric unit of Effia-Nkwanta Regional Hospital. The children were identified, and the medical records of those who were successfully treated and discharged were searched, retrieved, and reviewed. Results: A total of 1,193 children were identified and selected for analysis. The mean duration of admission increased from 2.17 days in 2010 to 3.36 in 2012. Conversely, the mean age decreased from 3.85 years in 2010 to 2.74 in 2012. Overall, laboratory-confirmed malaria prevalence decreased; however, this decrease was only observed among children five years of age or younger, while malaria prevalence increased among children one year of age or younger. The proportion of children with severe malarial anemia significantly increased, while the proportion of those with mild malaria decreased significantly. Conclusions: Despite the general decrease in malaria morbidity seen in this study, children younger than one year of age remain at increased risk of malaria morbidity. With an increase in malaria prevalence among children younger than one year of age over the three years of study, integrated and targeted control measures are highly needed for this age group.

scholarly journals PROFILE OF MEDICO-LEGAL DEATHS DUE TO DROWNING – A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Avinash Kumar* ◽  
Luv Sharma ◽  
Binay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Forensic Pathologist ◽  
Water Canal ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Animal Bites ◽  
One Year ◽  
Legal Expertise ◽  
Postmortem Finding

Death due to drowning is almost frequent in India, so it is but natural that, medico-legal expertise is called upon for investigations. Determining the cause of death in bodies found in water is quite challenging, which can be done by thorough investigation and complete autopsy by forensic pathologist. The present study was a retrospective, which was conducted for one year during June 2016 to May 2017 considering upon history and postmortem finding of the deceased. The maximum drowning cases were of male sex (74.73%), with commonest affected age group being 21-30 years (30.64%). Most of the drowning cases were accidental (55.91%) in nature and occurred commonly in water canal (55.37%), and rivers (25.26%). The most significant findings noted on autopsy were decomposition and animal bites (gnawing effects) (54.83%) and presence of heavy, voluminous, edematous and congested lungs with c/s showing copious frothy fluid (52.15%).

scholarly journals Socio-demographic determinants of under-five mortality in rural Agra

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 3108
Author(s):  
Krishan Kumar ◽  
Rajiv Srivastava ◽  
S. K. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Live Births

Background: One of the most important indicator or index of socio-economic development of a country or region is infant mortality rate. The present study was undertaken to assess the quantum of childhood mortality and to find out the social factors associated with these deaths by verbal autopsies. Methods: This one year cross-sectional study was undertaken in a purposively selected community Development Block Sainyan, district Agra among children aged between 0-5 years using multistage random sampling technique. Suitable statistical methods were applied. Results: Out of total 8355 families surveyed, a total of 185 deaths were reported among children. Number of deaths was higher among those belonging to nuclear family and lower socioeconomic status. The neonatal mortality rate was estimated to be 33.55/1000 live births. The post neonatal mortality rate was found to be 40.78/1000 live births and infant mortality rate was 74.33/1000 live births. Mortality rate in 1-5 year age group children was 10.6/1000 same age group children, while 0-5 yrs. mortality was estimated to be 22.39/1000 children of same age group. Out of 185 children who died, 52.7% were unimmunized and another 35.67% were partially immunized. Conclusions: Female education and socioeconomic well-being should be strengthened. 

P4625On women with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: raised concentrations of pro-C-type natriuretic peptide predict increased one-year mortality

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Mark ◽  
M Frydland ◽  
O K Moeller-Helgested ◽  
L Holmvang ◽  
J E Moeller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
St Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
One Year

Abstract Introduction Endothelial C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) contributes to the local regulation of vascular homeostasis including a vasodilatory function in the microcirculation when studied in animal models. Clinical investigations have shown that high concentrations of C-type natriuretic peptides in plasma are associated with adverse clinical outcome in subgroups of patients with cardiac disease. Purpose To determine the prognostic potential of pro-C-type natriuretic peptide (proCNP) measurement in plasma sampled on admission of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods In 1760 patients (470 women, 1290 men) with confirmed STEMI, we measured proCNP concentration in plasma obtained on hospital admission before coronary angiography. We divided patients into groups of low, normal or raised proCNP concentrations based on lower and upper cut-off values of sex- and age-specific 95% reference intervals from a reference population (688 individuals). We estimated differences in baseline characteristics including medical history and determined the prognostic value of proCNP measurement by Kaplan-Meier plots including log-rank tests and Cox regression survival analyses (expressed as hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval). Results Raised proCNP concentrations in plasma were associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension (P<0.001), diabetes mellitus (P=0.009), and peripheral artery disease (P=0.023), and a higher one-year all-cause mortality rate compared with normal proCNP concentrations (Plog-rank = 0.009, HR: 1.6 (1.1–2.4)). However, when adjusted for sex, an interaction between sex and groups of normal vs. raised proCNP was found (P=0.030). In sex-stratified analyses only women with raised proCNP concentrations showed an increased one-year all-cause mortality rate (women: Plog-rank <0.001, HR: 2.6 (1.5–4.6), men: Plog-rank= 0.66, HR: 1.1 (0.6–1.9)). Furthermore, in women, stepwise increases of proCNP concentration in the upper range (proCNP concentration > median) were independently associated with increased risk of death within one year after adjusting for age, plasma concentrations of creatinine and proANP, and quartiles of plasma troponins (HR: 1.02 (1.00–1.05) per 1 pmol/L increase of proCNP, P=0.047). One-year all-cause mortality rates Conclusion In patients with STEMI, a raised concentration of proCNP from plasma sampled on admission was associated with a higher risk of death within one year. However, only women displayed this difference of mortality rate in sex-specific estimates. Moreover, stepwise increases of proCNP concentration in the upper range independently predicted a higher risk of one-year death in women following STEMI after adjusting for potential confounders.

scholarly journals Associations of procalcitonin, C-reaction protein and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-bo Xu ◽  
Chao Xu ◽  
Ru-bing Zhang ◽  
Meng Wu ◽  
Chang-kun Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Increasing Risk ◽  
Baseline Levels

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an important and urgent threat to global health. Inflammation factors are important for COVID-19 mortality, and we aim to explore whether the baseline levels of procalcitonin (PCT), C-reaction protein (CRP) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients with COVID-19. A retrospective study was conducted and a total of 76 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were included between January 17, 2020 to March 2, 2020, of these cases, 17 patients were dead. After adjusting covariates, PCT (≥ 0.10 ng/mL) and CRP (≥ 52.14 mg/L) exhibited independent increasing risks of mortality were used hazard ratio (HR) of 52.68 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.77–1571.66) and 5.47 (95% CI: 1.04–28.72), respectively. However, NRL (≥ 3.59) was not found to be an independent risk factor for death in our study. Furthermore, the elevated PCT levels were still associated with increasing risk of mortality in the old age group (age ≥ 60 y), and in the critically severe and severe patients after adjustment for complications. Thu Baseline levels of PCT and CRP have been addressed as independent predictors of mortality in patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals A Retrospective Study of Suicidal Death Studied in Dinajpur Medical College, Dinajpur

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-300
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
MZ Rahman ◽  
MG Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Criminal Offence ◽  
Male Choice ◽  
Police Station ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
The World ◽  
Suicidal Death ◽  
One Year

Suicide is one of the forms of criminal offence in our country and it is also prevailing in other countries of the world. Whenever attempts to commite suicide and does any act towards the commission of such offence, shall be punished with simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year or with fine or with both. Shooting, hanging and stabbing are a 'hard way' of committing suicide and typically a male choice. Poisoning and drowning are 'soft way' of committing suicide and typically a female choice. A retro spective study was conducted on suicidal death, the department of forensic medicine, Dinajpur medical college. 20 cases were examined from June 2004 to June 2006 for 2 years. All the cases were referred from 13 different police stations and one railway station of Dinajpur district. Among them the highest number of cases were brought by Kotowally police station and the lowest from Hakimpur police station. But among the 20 cases 70% were female Muslims. The highest frequency of offence was found in lower socioeconomic growth. The age group of the was from 20 - 35 years. KYAMC Journal Vol. 3, No.-2, January 2013, Page 298-300 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v3i2.15171

scholarly journals Correlation of maternal age with birth weight: need to reemphasize

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Suyash Goel ◽  
Roshni Abichandani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Marked Variability ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Difference

Background: Women at both ends of the reproductive age spectrum have unique outcomes which needs to be considered. Adolescents are at increased risk for anaemia, preterm delivery, fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia. The maternal mortality rate is higher on extremes of the age. However, there is marked variability of the birth wt even with in the age group from 19-35 years of age. The present study was conducted with an objective to assess the correlation of Maternal age with birth weight.Methods: A total of 135 women between age 19-35 years were considered who had delivered at term (n=135) and women with any risk factors were excluded. Women were divided in three groups with age <25 years, 26-30 years and >30 years. Both primigravida and multigravida women were included without considering the mode of delivery.Results: According to birth weight, 113 cases had their birth weight >2.5 kg and out of them 43, 56 and 14 cases belonged to age group <25, 26-30 and >30 years respectively while only 22 cases had their birth weight <2.5 kg and out of them 9, 8 and 5 cases had their age group <25, 26-30 and >30 years. Mean birth weight in age group <25 years was 2.96±0.46 kg, in age group 26-30 years, it was 3.19±0.47 kg and in age group >30 years it was 2.79±0.54. On applying ANOVA test, the difference was found statistically significant (p<0.01).Conclusions: The variation in birth weight with respect to maternal age is significant. Limitation of this study was group comprising of 135 women.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Early Repolarization in Low Risk Surgical Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiho Ota ◽  
Sin-nosuke Shiono ◽  
Yuji Fujino ◽  
Takahiko Kamibayashi ◽  
Yukio Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Early Repolarization ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
One Year

Recent epidemiological studies documented that early repolarization may be associated with increased risk of serious cardiac events, including cardiac death. Little is known about the prognostic significance of this pattern in low risk surgical patients. This retrospective study included 3028 patients over 18 years of age and with ASA class I and II risk, undergoing noncardiac elective surgery. We followed the patients for one year. Early repolarization in preoperative ECG was found in 219 patients (7.2%) and patients with early repolarization were more likely to be male and younger. Newly observed cardiac events were significantly higher in the early repolarization group (1.37% versus 0.21%;P=0.003). Multivariate regression analysis reveals that early repolarization (odds ratio: 6.019,P=0.013) significantly increased newly observed cardiac events. Our retrospective study suggests that low risk surgical patients with early repolarization have statistically higher opportunity of newly observed cardiac events within one year after surgery.

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