scholarly journals The role of topical steroids in the treatment of primary pruritus ani: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 3198
Author(s):  
Mario Trejo-Ávila ◽  
Omar Vergara-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Topical Steroid ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Topical Steroids ◽  
Primary Therapy ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Pruritus Ani ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Search Terms

Background: Steroids can alleviate symptoms long enough for the patient to stop the compulsive pruritus-scratch cycle and allow for healing excoriated perianal skin, owing to potent anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. This systematic review was designed to evaluate the use of topical steroids for the treatment of primary pruritus ani.Methods: Studies were retrieved after searching the electronic databases Medline, Google Scholar, and Co-chrane Central. The search terms, pruritus ani, anal itching, idiopathic pruritus ani, primary pruritus ani and topical steroids were used. Outcomes were efficacy in reduction of pruritus and side-effects.Results: A total of 7 studies met our inclusion criteria accounting for 181 total of cases of primary pruritus ani treated with topical steroids between 1982 and 2007. On regard of the 181 cases, mean age of patients ranged from 35.4 to 49.5 years old, and similar proportion of males (51.6%) and females (48.4%) was found. Mean duration of symptoms (pruritus ani) varies widely among the studies, with a minimum 5.2 weeks to a maximum 6.5 years. The majority of studies employed hydrocortisone ointment at different concentrations (0.25% and 1%) as the primary therapy. On regard of the overall effectiveness of topical steroid therapy in patients with primary pruritus ani, it ranges between 73.9% to 100%. Few or no side effects were reported in the studies.Conclusions: This systematic review found a lack of high-quality studies on the efficacy of topical steroids in the treatment of primary pruritus ani.

Role of thermography in the assessment of temporomandibular disorders and other musculoskeletal conditions: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192110236
Author(s):  
Andre Moreira ◽  
Ricardo Batista ◽  
Susana Oliveira ◽  
Catarina Aguiar Branco ◽  
Joaquim Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Reliable Assessment

The aim of this review was to evaluate whether thermal imaging may constitute a reliable assessment method of musculoskeletal and temporomandibular disorders (TMD/MSD). A systematic review was conducted in the Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and Lilacs databases. The search terms were “musculoskeletal disorders,”“temporomandibular disorders,”“infrared thermography,”“thermography,” and “infrared imaging.” The inclusion criteria were: studies published between January 1985 and January 2021, performed in humans, with sample size equal or greater than 20 patients, written in English, Portuguese, French and/or Spanish, and full text available. The exclusion criteria were: systematic reviews, case studies, and/or studies focused on pathologies beyond the review’s domain. The risk of bias was evaluated using CASP 2018. A total of 2032 articles were retrieved. Of these, 25 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included to withdraw the following information: title, type of study, first author and year of publication, objective, number of participants, comparisons, and principal conclusions. No RCT were found. Despite some disparity, points of convergence among the majority of authors could be found. In general, healthy individuals show subtle thermal differences between contralateral homolog areas. Concerning orofacial structures, unilateral symptomatic individuals may show thermal differences equal or greater than 0.4°C. Infrared thermography accuracy in diagnosing TMD/MSD is still considered low to moderate. Despite some limitations, IRT might constitute a valuable supporting diagnostic tool in the medical field of TMD and MSD.

scholarly journals The Role of Epigenetics in Periodontal and Systemic Diseases and Smoking: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5269
Author(s):  
Ismael Khouly ◽  
Rosalie Salus Braun ◽  
Michelle Ordway ◽  
Iya Ghassib ◽  
Lena Larsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Search Terms

The aims of this systematic review were to identify and synthesize the evidence for an association in DNA methylation/histone modifications between periodontal diseases and systemic diseases/smoking. Electronic database searches using relevant search terms in PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and SciELO, and manual searches, were independently conducted to identify articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Nine studies of 1482 participants were included. Periodontitis was compared to metabolic disorders, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), cancer, and smokers, as well as healthy controls. Substantial variation regarding the reporting of sample sizes and patient characteristics, statistical analyses, and methodology was found. IL6 and TNF were modified similarly in RA and periodontitis. While TIMP-3 and GSTP-1 were significantly lower in periodontitis patients and controls than in cancer, SOCS-1, RMI2, CDH1, and COX2 were modified similarly in both cancer and periodontitis. While TLR4 in and CXCL8 were affected in periodontitis independent of smoking habit, smoking might change the transcription and methylation states of ECM organization-related genes, which exacerbated the periodontal condition. There was some evidence, albeit inconsistent, for an association between DNA methylation and periodontal diseases and systemic diseases or smokers compared to healthy patients or non-smokers.

The Renin Angiotensin System and Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 520-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Guimarães Barbosa ◽  
Giulia Campos Ferreira ◽  
Diomildo Ferreira Andrade Júnior ◽  
Cássio Rocha Januário ◽  
André Rolim Belisário ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Angiotensin Receptors ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Search Terms

Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a chronic a multifactorial psychiatric illness that affects mood, cognition, and functioning. BD is associated with several psychiatric conditions as well clinical comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular diseases. The neurobiology of BD is complex and multifactorial and several systems have been implicated. Considering that the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases and that recently evidence has suggested its role in psychiatric disorders, the aim of the present study is to summarize and to discuss recent findings related to the modulation of RAS components in BD. A systematic search of the literature using the electronic databases MEDLINE and LILACS was conducted through March 2019. The search terms were: “Bipolar Disorder”; “Renin Angiotensin System”; “Angiotensin 2”; “Angiotensin receptors”; “Angiotensin 1-7”; “ACE”; “ACE2”; “Mas Receptor”. We included original studies assessing RAS in BD patients. Two hundred twenty-two citations were initially retrieved. Eleven studies were included in our systematic review. In the majority of studies (6 of 8), the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism did not differ between BD patients and controls. BD patients presented higher plasma renin activity in comparison with controls. The studies evaluating the RAS molecules in BD are very scarce and heterogeneous. The literature suggests a potential role of RAS in BD. Further studies are necessary to investigate this relationship.

Explanatory Theories of Intimate Partner Homicide Perpetration: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483802095380
Author(s):  
Laurie M. Graham ◽  
Rebecca J. Macy ◽  
Cynthia F. Rizo ◽  
Sandra L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intimate Partner Homicide ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Social

Theories play an important role in guiding intimate partner homicide (IPH) prevention research and practice. This study is the first systematic review of theories employed to explain why someone might kill their intimate partner. This review used rigorous methods to locate and synthesize literature that described explanatory theories of IPH perpetration. Using set search terms, we systematically searched 15 databases and repositories for theory-focused documents (i.e., theory papers or analyses) published in English from 2003 to 2018. Eighteen documents met these inclusion criteria and identified 22 individual theories that seek to explain why people might kill their intimate partners. These theories fell within four broader theoretical perspectives: feminist, evolutionary, sociological/criminological, and combined. Key tenets and focal populations of these 22 theories were identified and organized into a compendium of explanatory theories of IPH perpetration. Potential strengths and limitations of each of the four perspectives were described. Review findings underscored the likely importance of addressing gender as well as risk and protective factors at all levels of the social ecological model in efforts to understand IPH perpetration. The review findings highlighted the need for both integrated theories and a broader conceptual organizing framework to guide work aimed at IPH perpetration prevention to leverage the strengths of disparate theoretical perspectives. With the goal of informing future research, a preliminary iteration of such a framework is presented.

scholarly journals Alternative Applications of Trans-Oral Robotic Surgery (TORS): A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Cammaroto ◽  
Luigi Marco Stringa ◽  
Henry Zhang ◽  
Pasquale Capaccio ◽  
Francesco Galletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Robotic Surgery ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome ◽  
Electronic Database ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Benign Pathology ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Background: The role of robotic surgery in the field of oncology has been widely described, in particular for the tumours of the oropharynx and larynx, but its efficacy for benign pathology is inconsistent. Methods: An exhaustive review of the English literature on trans-oral robotic surgery (TORS) for benign conditions was performed using PubMed electronic database. Results: The research was performed in March 2019 and yielded more than eight hundred articles, with 103 meeting the inclusion criteria and considered in the present study. Conclusions: The application of TORS for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome seems to be particularly well documented. Additionally, there exists a special interest in its use where high precision in limited anatomic space is required. There are still different structural and economic limitations for the application of TORS, however, the progressive technologic innovations and the increasing adoption of robotic surgery seem to encourage the uptake of this technique.

Systematic Review: Surgery for Patients with Metastatic Melanoma during Active Treatment with Ipilimumab

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 805-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin J. Baker ◽  
Karyn B. Stitzenberg ◽  
Frances A. Collichio ◽  
Michael O. Meyers ◽  
David W. Ollila
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Institutional Experience ◽  
Stage Iv Melanoma

Studies of ipilimumab have shown improved overall survival in patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma. As a result, use of ipilimumab in patients with Stage IV melanoma is rapidly increasing. Patients with Stage IV melanoma often require urgent operations for complications from metastases, but little is known about the safety of surgical intervention for patients receiving ipilimumab. We performed a systematic review of the literature using PubMed. Our search terms were melanoma and ipilimumab. We excluded foreign language articles, review articles, and those not addressing cutaneous melanoma. We identified 194 publications matching the search criteria. Only six of those met the inclusion criteria. In these six publications, seven patients who had undergone surgical intervention during treatment with ipilimumab were described. There were no documented surgical complications. We reviewed our institutional experience and identified an additional three patients. No postoperative complications could be attributed directly to ipilimumab. There are limited data on the safety of surgical intervention during treatment with ipilimumab. Preliminary reports suggest there is no reason to withhold or delay surgery for patients receiving ipilimumab therapy.

Evidence for the treatment of moderate depression: a systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Aherne ◽  
A. Fitzgerald ◽  
C. Aherne ◽  
N. Fitzgerald ◽  
M. Slattery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Different Levels

ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate existing evidence for the effectiveness of psychological treatments and/or antidepressant medication as a treatment for those diagnosed with moderate levels of depression.MethodsA PRISMA systematic review of articles using electronic research databases (2000–2014) was conducted to identify studies investigating the effectiveness of psychotherapy and/or medication as a treatment for people with moderate levels of depression. Search terms included moderate depression, psychotherapy and/or medication, depressive disorders, antidepressants, psychotherapy, mental health services, and randomized-controlled trial (RCT). The included studies were then assessed, extracted, and synthesised.ResultsA total of 14 studies met the inclusion criteria (11 RCTs and three additional studies) for this review. The findings of the systematic review indicate that there is limited evidence available specific to the treatment of moderate depression and that this research seems to suggest that psychotherapy or combined treatment has a beneficial effect.ConclusionsGiven that depression is one of the biggest challenges the world faces at present, further research is required to examine the effectiveness of treatment for different levels of depression severity.

scholarly journals Can we predict the clinical outcome of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy? A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 514-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne M Eijgenraam ◽  
Max Reijman ◽  
Sita M A Bierma-Zeinstra ◽  
Daan T van Yperen ◽  
Duncan E Meuffels
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Partial Meniscectomy ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Moderate Evidence

NHS-Prospero registration number42016048592ObjectiveIn order to make a more evidence-based selection of patients who would benefit the most from arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM), knowledge of prognostic factors is essential. We conducted a systematic review of predictors for the clinical outcome following APM.DesignSystematic reviewData sourcesMedline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PubMed Publisher, Google ScholarInclusion criteriaReport an association between factor(s) and clinical outcome; validated questionnaire; follow-up >1 year.Exclusion criteria<20 subjects; anterior cruciate ligament-deficient patients; discoid menisci; meniscus repair, transplantation or implants; total or open meniscectomy.MethodsOne reviewer extracted the data, two reviewers assessed the risk of bias and performed a best-evidence synthesis.ResultsFinally, 32 studies met the inclusion criteria. Moderate evidence was found, that the presence of radiological knee osteoarthritis at baseline and longer duration of symptoms (>1 year) are associated with worse clinical outcome following APM. In addition, resecting >50% of meniscal tissue and leaving a non-intact meniscal rim after meniscectomy are intra-articular predictive factors for worse clinical outcome. Moderate evidence was found that sex, onset of symptoms (acute or chronic), tear type or preoperative sport level are not predictors for clinical outcome. Conflicting evidence was found for the prognostic value of age, perioperative chondral damage, body mass index and leg alignment.Summary/conclusionLong duration of symptoms (>1 year), radiological knee osteoarthritis and resecting >50% of meniscus are associated with a worse clinical outcome following APM. These prognostic factors should be considered in clinical decision making for patients with meniscal tears.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Epidemiology, Immunopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Pleural TB in HIV- Infected Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aljohaney ◽  
K. Amjadi ◽  
G. G. Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
High Burden

Background. High HIV burden countries have experienced a high burden of pleural TB in HIV-infected patients.Objective. To review the epidemiology, immunopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of pleural TB in HIV-infected patients.Methods. A literature search from 1950 to June 2011 in MEDLINE was conducted.Results. Two-hundred and ninety-nine studies were identified, of which 30 met the inclusion criteria. The immunopathogenesis as denoted by cells and cytokine profiles is distinctly different between HIV and HIV-uninfected pleural TB disease. Adenosine deaminase and interferon gamma are good markers of pleural TB disease even in HIV-infected patients. HIV-uninfected TB suspects with pleural effusions commonly have a low yield of TB organisms however the evidence suggests that in dually infected patients smear and cultures have a higher yield. The Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay has significant potential to improve the diagnosis of pleural TB in HIV-positive patients.Conclusions. Pleural TB in HIV-infected patients has a different immunopathogenesis than HIV-uninfected pleural TB and these findings in part support the differences noted in this systematic review. Research should focus on developing an interferon gamma-based point of care diagnostic test and expansion of the role of Gene Xpert in the diagnosis of pleural TB.

scholarly journals MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Epigenetic modifications and gestational diabetes: a systematic review of published literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 176 (5) ◽  
pp. R247-R267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunn-Helen Moen ◽  
Christine Sommer ◽  
Rashmi B Prasad ◽  
Line Sletner ◽  
Leif Groop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Epigenetic Alterations ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Small Sample Sizes

ObjectiveTo summarize the current knowledge on epigenetic alterations in mother and offspring subjected to gestational diabetes (GDM) and indicate future topics for research.DesignSystematic review.MethodsWe performed extensive searches in PubMed, EMBASE and Google scholar, using a combination of the search terms: GDM, gestational diabetes, epigenetic(s), methylation, histone modification, histone methylation, histone acetylation, microRNA and miRNA. Studies that compared women diagnosed with GDM and healthy controls were included. Two authors independently scanned the abstracts, and all included papers were read by at least two authors. The searches were completed on October 31st, 2016.ResultsWe identified 236 articles, of which 43 were considered relevant for this systematic review. Studies published showed that epigenetic alterations could be found in both mothers with GDM and their offspring. However, differences in methodology, diagnostic criteria for GDM and populations studied, together with a limited number of published studies and small sample sizes, preclude clear conclusions about the role of epigenetic modifications in transmitting risk from GDM mothers to their offspring.ConclusionThe current research literature suggests that GDM may have impact on epigenetic modifications in the mother and offspring. However, larger studies that include multiple cohorts of GDM patients and their offspring are needed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document