scholarly journals Clinico-haematological profile and etiology of bi/pancytopenia in children aged six months to eighteen years

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 732
Author(s):  
Rohan D. Venkat ◽  
Sheela A. Bharani
Keyword(s):  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Western India ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common

Background: Bicytopenia/Pancytopenia is frequently found in our clinical practice having diverse etiologies, and still the optimal diagnostic approach remains undefined. Etiologies of bi/pancytopenia vary with genetic conditions, geographical area and the prevalence of infections and nutritional deficiencies in the community. The objective is to identify clinico-haematological profile and etiologies of bi/pancytopenia in children aged 6 months to 18 years from the region of western India.  Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done during May 2016 to April 2018. All patients were investigated for identifying a cause of bi/ pancytopenia. Pancytopenia is defined as haemoglobin of<10 gm%, total leukocyte count<4000/mm3 with or without absolute neutrophil count of<1500/mm3, platelet count<1 lac/mm3. Bicytopenia is defined as any reduction in any two cell lineages.  Results: From 6109 hospitalized patients, 95 cases of bicytopenia and 79 of pancytopenia were evaluated. Fever, pallor, mucosal and skin bleeding were the predominant symptoms observed. Pallor was found in 90.8% cases followed by hepatomegaly in 64.8% and splenomegaly in 40.8% cases. From both bi/ pancytopenia groups, infective diseases were the common causes found in 87 (50%) cases, followed by malignancies in 28 (16%) cases and megaloblastic anemia in 22 (12.64%) cases. Aplastic anemia was found in 10 cases. Dengue fever and malaria were two common causes observed in bicytopenia group while megaloblastic anemia and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia were found in pancytopenia group.  Conclusions: Infective diseases were common causes giving rise to bi/pancytopenia. Pancytopenia is predominantly noticed in the conditions related to bone marrow production or due to infiltrative disorders.

scholarly journals EOSINOPENIA DAN PROCALCITONIN DALAM SEPSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Danny Luhulima ◽  
W. Hidayati ◽  
IGAAP. Sri Rejeki ◽  
R. Permatasari
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Procalcitonin Level ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common

Sepsis is one of the common causes of morbidity and mortality in the ICU. Clinicians need to know and realize of good diagnosticmarkers to identify sepsis as early as possible. The role of eosinopenia as a marker of sepsis has recently been evaluated.The aim of thisstudy was to test the value of eosinopenia as a diagnostic marker of sepsis in comparison to Procalcitonin. A cross sectional study wasperformed in 61 adult patients with SIRS, and blood of all patients were cultured. Further examinations were done for comparing theeosinophil count with the Procalcitonin levels if the blood culture was positive or when there were clinical signs which supported for sepsis.In this study there were fourty two patients enrolled. Procalcitonin level yielded a sensitivity of 90.0%, specificity of 83.3%, a positivepredictive value (PPV) of 93.1% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 76.9% at cut-off value of 2.75 ng/mL. The eosinophil (cut off ≤50 cells/μL) produced a sensitivity of 80.0%, specificity of 75.0%, PPV of 88.9%, and NPV of 60.0%. based on this study Procalcitoninappeared to be a more accurate diagnostic of sepsis than eosinopenia, but eosinopenia is still a helpful tool for clinicians, and may also beused as a diagnostic marker of sepsis, because it is highly sensitive, moderately specific, easy to measure, rapid and inexpensive as well.

Common causes and treatment of hypoglycemia in older patients with diabetes at Thanh Nhan hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Trung Anh Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thu Huong Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thanh Huyen Vu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Regimen ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Glucose Injection ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
The Common

Objectives: To determine common causes and treatment of hypoglycemia in oler patients with diabetes at Thanh Nhan hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study on 1215 diabetic patients treated at Thanh Nhan Hospital from November 2018 to May 2019. Subjects were interviewed according to a uniform medical record. Hypoglycemia was diagnosed according to the ADA 2018 criteria: blood glucose ≤ 3.9 mmol/l. Results: the most common cause of hypoglycemia was a reduced diet (49.6%); eating late (24.1%); skipping meals (9.3%); overdose, wrong insulin regimen due to patients (7.4%); overdose and wrong insulin regimen by doctor (4.2%). The proportion of patients receiving intravenous hypertonic glucose injection/infusion was 7.7%; eating foods containing glucose was 63.1%; eating foods containing carbonhydrat was 29.2%. The majority of patients with symptoms of hypoglycemia lasting within 15 minutes accounted for 56.3%, the number of patients with hypoglycemia lasting more than 60 minutes accounted for 0.9%. Conclusions: The common cause of hypoglycemia in the study subjects was mainly related to the patient's diet. The treatment of the patient's hypoglycemia was not completely correct. Therefore, medical staff should have measures to advise and educate about the causes as well as how to manage hypoglycemia for this subject regularly

scholarly journals Assessment of the Reasons for Culling and its Relation to Age at Culling in Dairy Cows in and around Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Gutema D. Idesa ◽  
◽  
Sultan Aman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mekelle City ◽  
Herd Milk ◽  
Cattle Farms

Background Culling is defined as the departure of cows from the herd because of sale, slaughter, salvage, or death. Culling is an important cost for dairy farms. At the same time, culling is a way to increase herd productivity and profitability, as keeping diseased and unproductive cows might result in lower herd milk production and deteriorated reproduction. In order to maximize profitability, the proportion of voluntary culling (selling for dairy purposes or culling due to low production) should be highest among the total culling rate. Previous studies indicate an ascending trend in the proportion of involuntary culling. This observational study used registry data of all cows from herds with ≥5 cow-years in 2016-2017. Objective This study was conducted to assess the reason for culling a dairy cow and its association with age at culling in and around Mekelle using a structured questioner format and direct observation. Visits were performed to each farm to collect data directly from owners or animal attendants and using direct observation. Materials and Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted in and around Mekelle city dairy farm from November, 2016 to April, 2017. Results The most common causes of culling were disease and economic reasons. The most common causes of voluntary culling were economic reasons (17.39), low milk yield (20.29%), and aging (8.70%). The common causes of involuntary culling were diseases (34.78%), injury (7.25%), and infertility (5.80%). In this study rates of culling increased with parity. The highest rate of culling was in animals between parity 2 and 5, increased from (14.49%) to (21.74%) and slightly decreased from parity 6 to 7, i.e. (13.04)% to (8.70)%, respectively. The highest rates of culling were between 3 and 5-years, (17.39)% and (23.19)%, respectively. Conclusion This study indicated animals were culled at premature age because of involuntary culling, which is economically not feasible, diseases were the most common causes of involuntary culling and voluntary culling was the most type of culling in dairy cattle farms and animals mostly culled for decreased production and economic reasons.

Side Effects of Chemotherapy and Cancer Treatment in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-78
Author(s):  
. Hemraj ◽  
Raj Kumar ◽  
Sourabh Kosey ◽  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Nalini Negi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Informational Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Pharmacists ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Related Information ◽  
The Common ◽  
Chemotherapy Patients

To determine the most common physical side effects experienced by local chemotherapy patients. Their perceptions of these side effects and informational needs from clinical pharmacists were also evaluated. This was a single center, observational cross-sectional study conducted at department of General Surgery, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab. A face to face interview was conducted. Information collected included chemotherapy related side effects after last chemotherapy experience, the most worrisome side effects, overlooked by healthcare professionals and the preferred method, amount and source of receiving related information. In this study, hundred patients were enrolled out of them 48 were male and 52 were female. When differential calculations was done, common side effects or adverse effects of chemotherapy in the patients of breast, lung cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Colon cancer, Prostate cancer, Lymphoma Cancer, Cervix cancer where there is much irregular medicine intake 57.4% may be due to common problem of joint pain reported by all the patients under study, with the consecutive problem of nausea and vomiting. The high prevalence of chemotherapy related side effects among local patients is a major concern and findings of their perceptions and informational needs may serve as a valuable guide for clinical pharmacists and physicians to help in side effect management. This study shows the common problems reported by the patients when they are suffering from cancer condition, according to their incidence perceptions as experienced by the patient, this will allow the physician and clinical pharmacist to effectively counsel and manage the common symptoms as reported prior to its occurrence in the patient, so that withdrawal can be checked.

Suicidal Death Autopsy Analysis at Dhaka Medical College

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Hossain ◽  
Z Rahman ◽  
S Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Autopsy Report ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Suicidal Death

A cross sectional study was carried out at the department of Forensic Medicine in Dhaka Medical College during the period of January 2008 to December 2009. Data were collected from 3rd copy of the post mortem reports which were preserved in the department of Forensic Medicine with the verbal consent of the doctors who performed autopsy report. During this period total 5114 autopsies were conducted. Out of this 970 cases (19%) were suicidal in nature. It was noticed that all suicidal deaths occurred from 10 years to all age group respectively, but top amongst age group of suicidal deaths occurred in between 21 to 30 years of people. Suicidal deaths are more common in female than male. Suicidal deaths due to hanging is highest, next common causes of death due to organophosphorus compund poisoning. Suicidal deaths by hanging is more in female than male but in poisoning cases male are more lvictimised than female. Objectives of our study are to see the occurrence and methods of suicidal death. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i1.9957 BMJ 2011; 40(1): 18-21

Comparison of Heffner Criteria and Light Criteria in Differentiating Exudative and Transudative Pleural Effusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Krishna Chandra Devkota ◽  
S Hamal ◽  
PP Panta
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pleural Space ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exudative Pleural Effusion

Pleural effusion is present when there is >15ml of fluid is accumulated in the pleural space. It can be divided into two types; exudative and transudative pleural effusion. Tuberculosis and parapneumonic effusion are the common cause of exudative pleural effusion whereas heart failure accounts for most of the cases of transudative pleural effusion. This study was a hospital based cross sectional study performed at Nepal Medical College during the period of January 2016-December 2016. A total of 50 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Pleural effusion was confirmed by clinical examination and radiology. After confirmation of pleural effusion, pleural fluid was aspirated and was analysed for protein, LDH, cholesterol. The Heffner criteria was compared with Light criteria to classify exudative or transudative pleural effusion. Among 50 patients, 30 were male and 20 were female. The mean age of patient was 45.4±21.85 years. The sensitivity and specificity of using Light criteria to detect the two type of pleural effusion was 100% and 90.9%, whereas using Heffner criteria was 94.87%, 100% respectively(P<0.01). There are variety of causes for development of pleural effusion and no one criteria is definite to differentiate between exudative or transudative effusion. In this study Light criteria was more sensitive whereas Heffner criteria was more specific to classify exudative pleural effusion. Hence a combination of criteria might be useful in case where there is difficulty to identify the cause of pleural effusion.

EVALUATING THE RESULTS OF SEPTOPLASTY AND PARTIAL INFERIOR TURBINOPLASTY

2017 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Thanh Thai Le ◽  
Phuong Nam Tran ◽  
Thi Ngan An Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
The Common

Aims: To study outcomes of septoplasty and partial inferior turbinectomy (PIT) method, expecting leastsurgical equipment, good result, price rationalization. Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional study. Including 40 patients treated by septoplasty and PIT method. Assessment had been made after 3 months post-op. Results: The common symptoms were nasal obstruction (100%), headache (40%). The deformities of nasal septalwere deviation (42.5%), crest (30%). There were 67.5% of patients with severe bilateral hypertrophic inferior turbinate, mostly over grade II, enlargement both soft and bone parts (60%). After 3 months, the nasal obstruction and headache presented good or great results in 90% of patients, 93.7% of patients had straight nasal septaland 90% hadsmall inferior turbinate.VAS: patients’s contentment was 100%. Conclusions: The study showed that septoplasty and partial inferior turbinectomy presented good results with 87.5% after surgery and 90% after 3 months. Key words: septal deformity, hypertrophy inferior turbinate, septoplasty, partial inferior turbinectomy

scholarly journals Prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in Spain: higher than previously reported in other countries?

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 2556-2562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Cortés Verdú ◽  
José M Pego-Reigosa ◽  
Daniel Seoane-Mato ◽  
Mercedes Morcillo Valle ◽  
Deseada Palma Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Visit ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objectives Prevalence of SLE varies among studies, being influenced by study design, geographical area and ethnicity. Data about the prevalence of SLE in Spain are scarce. In the EPISER2016 study, promoted by the Spanish Society of Rheumatology, the prevalence estimate of SLE in the general adult population in Spain has been updated and its association with sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle variables has been explored. Methods Population-based multicentre cross-sectional study, with multistage stratified and cluster random sampling. Participants were contacted by telephone to carry out a questionnaire for the screening of SLE. Investigating rheumatologists evaluated positive results (review of medical records and/or telephone interview, with medical visit if needed) to confirm the diagnosis. To calculate the prevalence and its 95% CI, the sample design was taken into account and weighing was calculated considering age, sex and geographic origin. Multivariate logistic regression models were defined to analyse which sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle variables included in the telephone questionnaire were associated with the presence of SLE. Results 4916 subjects aged 20 years or over were included. 16.52% (812/4916) had a positive screening result for SLE. 12 cases of SLE were detected. The estimated prevalence was 0.21% (95% CI: 0.11, 0.40). SLE was more prevalent in the rural municipalities, with an odds ratio (OR) = 4.041 (95% CI: 1.216, 13.424). Conclusion The estimated prevalence of SLE in Spain is higher than that described in most international epidemiological studies, but lower than that observed in ethnic minorities in the United States or the United Kingdom.

scholarly journals P0614URINARY EXOSOMAL MICRORNA-21 AS A MARKER OF SCRUB TYPHUS-ASSOCIATED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
In O Sun ◽  
Kwang Young Lee ◽  
A Young Cho
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Scrub Typhus ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exosomal Mirna

Abstract Background and Aims Urinary microRNA (miRNA)-21 is reported to be a biomarker for detection of acute kidney injury (AKI). Analysis of urinary exsome may serve as a novel diagnostic approach in kidney disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical significance of urinary exosomal miRNA-21 for AKI in patients with scrub typhus. Method In a cross-sectional study, we collected 138 urine samples at the time of admission from 145 patients with scrub typhus. For 25 patients with scrub typhus-associated AKI and 25 age, sex-matched scrub typhus patient without AKI, we measured miRNA-21 in urinary exosomal fraction and compared diagnostic value in predictiong AKI. Results Compared with patients in the non-AKI group, patients in the AKI group were more likely to have one or more comorbidity such as diabetes (50% vs. 5%, P&lt;0.01) and chronic kidney disease (8% vs. 0%, P&lt;0.01). Total leukocyte count were higher in patients with AKI than in those without AKI (10.40 × 103/ mL vs. 6.40 × 103/mL, P&lt;0.01). The levels of urinary miRNA-21 were higher in the AKI group than in the non-AKI group. Urinary exosomal miRNA-21 levels correlated directly with serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin values and total leukocyte counts and inversely with estimated glomerular filtration rate. The receiver operator characteristics curve analysis for urinary exosomal miRNA-21 showed good discriminative power for the diagnosis of scrub typhus-associated AKI, with area under the curve value of 0.907. Conclusion Urinary exosomal miRNA-21 could be a surrogate markers for the diagnosis of scrub typhus–associated AKI.

scholarly journals Feeding difficulties in disabled children leads to malnutrition: experience in an Indian slum

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1097-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisha K. Yousafzai ◽  
Suzanne Filteau ◽  
Sheila Wirz
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Feeding Difficulty ◽  
Weight For Age

The aim of the present study was to explore the nature, extent and probable causes of nutritional deficiencies among children with disabilities living in Dharavi, a slum in Mumbai, India. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate whether the nutritional status of children with disabilities, aged 2–6 years (n141), was worse than that of non-disabled sibling controls (n122) and neighbour controls (n162). Data on food patterns, anthropometry, micronutrient status and feeding difficulties reported by parents were collected. The mean weight for age of the children with disabilities (−2·44 (sd 1·39)Zscores;n120) was significantly lower (P<0·05) compared with the sibling (−1·70 (sd 1·20)Zscores;n109) and neighbour (−1·83 (sd 1·290)Zscores;n162) control groups. The children with disabilities had significantly lower (P<0·05) mean haemoglobin levels (92 (sd 23) g/l;n134) compared with siblings (102 (sd 18) g/l;n103) and neighbours (99 (sd 18) g/l;n153). Relative risk (RR) analysis indicated that the disabled children with feeding difficulties were significantly more likely (P<0·05) to be malnourished, by the indicator of weight for age (RR 1·1; 95 % CI 1·08, 1·20) compared with the disabled children without a feeding difficulty. They were also significantly more likely to be malnourished using the indicators of height for age (RR 1·3; 95 % CI 1·19, 1·43) and weight for height (RR 2·4; 95 % CI 1·78, 3·23) compared with the disabled children without a feeding difficulty. Feeding difficulties were identified as a risk factor for vulnerability to inadequate nutritional status among children with disabilities.

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