scholarly journals Feeding difficulties in disabled children leads to malnutrition: experience in an Indian slum

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1097-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisha K. Yousafzai ◽  
Suzanne Filteau ◽  
Sheila Wirz
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Feeding Difficulty ◽  
Weight For Age

The aim of the present study was to explore the nature, extent and probable causes of nutritional deficiencies among children with disabilities living in Dharavi, a slum in Mumbai, India. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate whether the nutritional status of children with disabilities, aged 2–6 years (n141), was worse than that of non-disabled sibling controls (n122) and neighbour controls (n162). Data on food patterns, anthropometry, micronutrient status and feeding difficulties reported by parents were collected. The mean weight for age of the children with disabilities (−2·44 (sd 1·39)Zscores;n120) was significantly lower (P<0·05) compared with the sibling (−1·70 (sd 1·20)Zscores;n109) and neighbour (−1·83 (sd 1·290)Zscores;n162) control groups. The children with disabilities had significantly lower (P<0·05) mean haemoglobin levels (92 (sd 23) g/l;n134) compared with siblings (102 (sd 18) g/l;n103) and neighbours (99 (sd 18) g/l;n153). Relative risk (RR) analysis indicated that the disabled children with feeding difficulties were significantly more likely (P<0·05) to be malnourished, by the indicator of weight for age (RR 1·1; 95 % CI 1·08, 1·20) compared with the disabled children without a feeding difficulty. They were also significantly more likely to be malnourished using the indicators of height for age (RR 1·3; 95 % CI 1·19, 1·43) and weight for height (RR 2·4; 95 % CI 1·78, 3·23) compared with the disabled children without a feeding difficulty. Feeding difficulties were identified as a risk factor for vulnerability to inadequate nutritional status among children with disabilities.

scholarly journals Correlation between Nutritional Status and Pneumonia among 6-59 Months Years Old in Tangerang, Banten

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zico Permadi ◽  
◽  
Maria Ekawati ◽  
Citra Ayu Aprilia ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Weight For Age ◽  
Children Under 5

ABSTRACT Background: Pneumonia is still causing the most deaths among children in developing countries. This disesase often occurs in children under 5 years of age. Nutritional status is a factor that is closely related to infectious diseases such as pneumonia. This study aimed to examine the correlation between nutritional status and pneumonia among 6-59 months years old in Tangerang, Banten. Subject and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Pakuhaji Community Health Center, Tangerang, Banten, from January to February 2018. A total of 29 children under five were enrolled in this study. The dependent variable was pneumonia. The independent variable was nutritional status. The data were collected from direct measurement of the children under five and questtioner. The data were analyzed by Chi-square. Results: As many as 16 children under five (55.17%) had pneumonia, 7 children under five (24.13%) were malnutrition, 3 children under five (10.34%) were short, and 5 children under five (7.24%) were thin. Nutritional status based on weight for age and weight for height had differences in nutritional status with the incidence of pneumonia among children under five, and they were statistically significant (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Nutritional status is associate with the incidence of pneumonia among 6-59 months years old (children under five) in Tangerang, Banten. Keywords: pneumonia incidence rate, pneumonia, nutritional status, chidren under five Correspondence: Citra Ayu Aprilia. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +628122090545. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.13

Sensitivity and Specificity of Maternal Anthropometric Measures Relative to Infant Nutritional Status

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Nugroho Abikusno ◽  
Rachel Novotny
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status ◽  
Weight For Age

This cross-sectional study was done in July 1990 at health posts of two subdistricts in Cilandak, South Jakarta, Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of maternal anthropometric measures against the functional outcome of infant nutritional status (weight-for-age). The study population consisted of 175 mother-infant pairs, who were between 14-45 years old, and their infants, who were 0-6 months old. The indicators that identified women at risk of their infant being poor nutritional status (weight-for-age less than −1 SD) were maternal weight (sensitivity 33%, specificity 89%, and positive predictive value 26%), height (sensitivity 39%, specificity 83% and positive predictive value 21%), and calf circumference (sensitivity 50%, specificity 85% and positive predictive value 28%).

scholarly journals Assessment of nutritional status of children aged 34-92 months using various nutritional status indices and validity of age independent indices

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2593
Author(s):  
Nayantara R. Gandra ◽  
Kalavathy Jasmine Masillamoni
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Age Independent ◽  
Weight For Age

Background: Even though there are many programs run by Government to tackle the problem of malnutrition in India, problem of malnutrition is still there. Malnutrition leads to infections and even can lead to death of child in severe cases. The mortality rate is very high compared to other countries. The objective of the study to study validity of age independent various nutritional status indices in comparison to gold standard of weight for ageMethods: Present study was institution based cross sectional study carried out at SDA high school, from January 2019 to July 2019 among 58 school children aged 34-92 months of age. Anthropometric measurements like weight, height, head circumference, chest circumference, mid arm circumference were recorded as per the standard guidelines. Weight for height, weight of age, Kanawati Index, Jeliffe’s ratio, Rao index, and Dugdales index was calculated. Gold standard used was weight for age. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated for these indices.Results: Majority of the children belonged to 48-60 months and 61-72 months i.e. 29.3% each. Males were more than females. Prevalence of malnutrition was 60.3%, 48.3%, 51.7%, 91.4%, and 56.8% based on weight for age, Kanawati index, Rao index, Jeliffe’s ratio and Dugdale’s index respectively. Dugdale’s index was found to have high sensitivity (85.7%) and specificity (86.9%) compared to all other indices.Conclusions: Among age independent indices of nutritional status available, Dugdales index can be used as it has been found that it has remarkably higher sensitivity and specificity compared to other age independent indices of nutritional status.

scholarly journals The anthropometric assessment of body composition and nutritional status in children aged 2–15 years: A cross-sectional study from three districts in Bangladesh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257055
Author(s):  
Md. Kamruzzaman ◽  
Shah Arafat Rahman ◽  
Sharmin Akter ◽  
Humaria Shushmita ◽  
Md. Yunus Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

Background Early life nutrition plays a critical role in the development of better health and nutrition in adulthood. However, assessing the nutritional status of Bangladeshi children and adolescents through measurement of body composition using skinfold thickness is barely studied. The current study aims to determine children’s body composition and nutritional status, and contributing factors among children aged 2 to 15 years in the northern part of Bangladesh. Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done in Bangladesh. Anthropometric methods, including multiple skinfold thickness and basic anthropometric and socio-demographic characteristics, were used. Body composition was calculated from multiple skinfold thicknesses using the standard regression equation. Nutritional status was measured using Z score according to WHO 2007 reference standard. A total of 330 children from Naogaon, Bogra and Kurigram districts in Bangladesh were examined from April 2019 to September 2019. Results The Nutritional status of 2–15 years old child is exceedingly poor in the northern part of Bangladesh. Fat mass and fat-free mass were higher among children from Kurigram district than from Bogra and Naogaon district. Body fat percentages and arm fat area were greater among female children than males. The overall prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting was around 25%, 32% and 29%, respectively, and the rate was higher among girls and children aged 2–5 years. The average SD score for weight-for-age, height-for-age, and BMI-for-age was -1.295, -0.937 and -1.009. The median weight-for-age and height-for-age Z scores of boys and girls were below the WHO reference percentile rank. Girls were twice (OR:1.951, CI:1.150–3.331) as likely to suffer from being underweight than boys. Children who don’t practice handwashing are three times (OR:3.531, CI:1.657–7.525) more likely to be underweight. Children become underweight and stunted when their family income is not sufficient to maintain their nutritional requirements. Conclusions The children of the three northern districts had a poor nutritional status, and family income was the potential contributing factor. Therefore, interventions like the promotion of income-generating activities and integrated approaches to ensuring food diversification could be an option to address the nutritional problem of children of the three northern districts of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status among under-5 Children of a selected slum in Dhaka city

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Aynal Hoque ◽  
Md Abu Sayeed ◽  
Mohammed Rizwanul Ahsan ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Farhana Salim
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Birth Certificates ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

Background : Malnutrition is a serious public health problem that has been linked to increase risk of morbidity and mortality. Child malnutrition causes 27% of child deaths in developing countries in 2015.Objective : To estimate the nutritional status of under five children of a selected slum in Dhaka city.Methodology : This was a descriptive cross sectional study and conducted among 100 under 5 children purposively selected at Agargaon slum in Dhaka city during January-2015 to July-2015. Anthropometric measurements were taken by using standard methods. Those were weight, height, MUAC. Information regarding age of children was taken from patient’s birth certificates or hospital records. Nutritional status was estimated by calculating Z-score, weight for age, height for age, weight for height and mid upper arm circumference. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.Results : Mean age of the study population was 32.95 months. Male was 52% and female was 48%. Regarding Anthropometric assessment according to weight for height Z-score, 39% were wasted moderately and 13% were severely wasted and height for age Z-score, showed 47% of children were stunted moderately and 14% children were severely stunted. According to weight for age Zscore, 46% of children were moderately underweight and 16% children were severely underweight. According to MUAC classification 43% of children were in border line and 16% were malnutrition.Conclusions : Overall, nutritional status of the under 5 child of slum of Agargaon were not satisfactory.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.7(2) Jan 2016: 143-145

scholarly journals Praktik Pemberian Makan dan Perawatan Kesehatan Anak di Kelompok Bermain Al Azhar 1

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Amalina Ratih Puspa ◽  
Lusi Anindia Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Play Group

<p><em>Abstrak</em> - <strong>Kekurangan zat gizi pada saat usia balita dapat menghambat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang bersifat <em>irreversible</em> dan berdampak pada rendahnya kualitas sumberdaya manusia. Penelitian <em>cross</em> sectional ini bertujuan menilai praktik pemberian makan dan perawatan kesehatan anak di Kelompok Bermain Al Azhar 1. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret-November 2019 di Kelompok Bermain Al Azhar 1, Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta Selatan. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Pengukuran berat badan menggunakan timbangan digital, sedangkan pengukuran tinggi badan menggunakan microtoise. Subjek penelitian dipilih secara <em>purposive</em> sampling terdiri atas 26 ibu dan balita usia 13-59 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hampir sebagian besar subjek memiliki status gizi yang normal berdasarkan indeks  berat badan menurut umur (BB/U), tinggi badan menurut umur (TB/U), dan berat badan menurut tinggi badan (BB/TB) berturut-turut sebesar 88%, 92%, dan 84%. Namun demikian, masih ditemukan subjek yang tergolong memiliki status gizi kurang (4%), gizi lebih (8%), pendek (4%), kurus (4%), dan gemuk (12%). Lebih dari separuh orangtua subjek tergolong memiliki praktik pemberian makan dan perawatan kesehatan yang baik yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 60% dan 84%. Peran ibu dan anggota keluarga lain yang sehari-hari bersama balita masih perlu ditingkatkan dalam memberikan contoh praktik pemberian makan dan perawatan kesehatan yang baik pada anak. </strong></p><p><em>Abstract </em>– <strong>Nutritional deficiencies at the age of under five can inhibit irreversible growth and development and have an impact on the poor quality of human resources. This cross-sectional study aims to assess the practice of child feeding and health care in the Al Azhar 1 Play Group. The study was conducted in March-November 2019 in the Al Azhar 1 Play Group, Kebayoran Baru, South Jakarta. Primary data obtained through interviews using a questionnaire. Bodyweight measurements using digital scales, while height measurements using a microtome. The research subjects were selected by purposive sampling consisting of 26 mothers and toddlers aged 13-59 months. The results showed that most of the subjects had normal nutritional status based on body weight index according to age (BB/U), height by age (TB / U), and weight by height (BB/TB) respectively by 88%, 92%, and 84%. However, still found subjects classified as having poor nutritional status (4%), overnutrition (8%), short (4%), thin (4%), and fat (12%). More than half of the parents of subjects classified as having good feeding and health care practices are 60% and 84%, respectively. The role of mothers and other family members still needs to be improved in providing examples of good feeding practices and health care for children.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords </em></strong>- <em>Toddlers, Feeding practices, Health care, Nutritional status </em></p>

scholarly journals Factors associated with nutritional status, knowledge and attitudes among tuberculosis patients receiving treatment in Ghana: A cross-sectional study in the Tema Metropolis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258033
Author(s):  
Prince Kubi Appiah ◽  
Bright Osei ◽  
Hubert Amu
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Nutritional deficiencies are generally associated with increased risk and severity of tuberculosis. This study investigated the nutritional status, knowledge, and attitudes of tuberculosis (TB) patients receiving treatment in the Tema Metropolis. Method A cross-sectional design was used to collect data on the nutritional knowledge, attitude, and status of TB patients. Nutritional status was analysed using World Health Organization’s formula for body mass index. Pearson’s chi-square and logistic regression models were used to assess associations between predictor and outcome variables. All statistical analyses were considered significant at p-values < 0.05. Result The prevalence of malnutrition among TB patients was 39.7%, 14.4%, and 4.8% for underweight, overweight, and obesity respectively. There was a high (61.0%) knowledge of nutrition among the patients. Also, 65.8% had good attitude towards nutrition. There were significant associations between normal nutritional status and age of the TB patients (p = 0.041), highest educational level attained (p = 0.036), employment status (p = 0.019), status of alcohol intake (p = 0.031), number of months on TB treatment (p = 0.021), and attitude towards nutrition (p = 0.028). Conclusion There was a reasonable nutrition-related knowledge and attitude towards nutrition among the TB patients. However, that did not reflect on their nutritional status. We recommend continuing education on smoking cessation, avoidance of harmful use of alcohol, and the establishment of food aid and other livelihood intervention programs for TB patients.

Nutritional Status among Pre-School Children of South Kashmir Himalayas - A Cross Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 447
Author(s):  
Rouf A. Dar
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Kashmir Himalayas

Malnutrition has been a major concern in India. In spite of overall improvements in the availability of food, malnutrition especially in children is at an unacceptably high level as revealed by various national surveys. This is true to the state of Jammu and Kashmir as well. The present study was undertaken to assess the nutritional status of pre-school children of South Kashmir Himalayas. Four hundred children aged 0-5 years from 37 villages were studied for anthropometric signs of nutritional deficiencies. This was a community based, study that showed wide variation in level of nutritional status of boys and girls. The study revealed widespread prevalence of malnutrition is based on anthropometric measurements. Various indices of nutritional status were expressed in standard deviation units (z-scores) from the reference median. The study revealed a gloomy picture of malnutrition with wasting (21.04%) wasted, stunting (23.78%) and underweight (17.53%) among children underweight and (23.78%) stunted. Positive inputs to improve growth and to overcome body weight deficits are recommended. Preventive measures are needed to improve food security, strengthen supplementary feeding programmes and provision of adequate subsidized food through PDS is recommended to achieve better growth and development of children. Both ecological imbalances and etiological factor like unhygienic personal habits and adverse cultural practices relating to child rearing (early weaning) were prevalent among them. The study highlighted a need for an integrated approach towards improving the child health as well as nutritional status in this area.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding pattern based on nutritional status in 6-12 months old infants

2018 ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Carissa Cerdasari
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infant Foods ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Increase Disease Severity ◽  
Weight For Age

Background: Malnutrition especially undernutrition is still concern for public health problems.Underweight in children will disrupt the learning process due to interference with the development of intelligence, more susceptible to infection and increase disease severity, to increase mortality. Objective: This study was conducted to asses the difference breastfeeding patterns include the breastmilk only duration and daily breastfeeding frequencies based on nutritional status in 6-12 months old infants. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, mothers (n=60) of infants aged 6-12 months old were recruited. The infant’s nutritional status was determined anthropometrically by 3 indexes ie body weight for age, length for age, and weight for length. Breastfeeding patterns include the breastmilk only duration and daily breastfeeding frequencies is obtained by interview and by 2x24 hour daily breastfeeding form. Kruskal-wallis test were used to evaluate the difference breastfeeding patterns based on nutritional status. Results: The average of brestmilk only duration was 3,21±2,41 months, and the average of daily breastfeeding frequencies was 12,46±3,8 times a day. Most of the respondents were in normal nutritional status (86,67% for W/A, 83,3% for L/A, and 85,0% for W/L). There were no difference in breastfeeding patterns either on breastmilk only durations or on daily breastfeeding frequencies based on nutritional status in 6-12 months old infants (p>0,05).Conclusion: Infant's nutritional status is determined more by the daily energy consumption of all infant foods, not only from breastmilk but also from complementary food.

scholarly journals Oral health status of disabled children

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultana Gul Nahar ◽  
Md Amzad Hossain ◽  
Mohammod Borhan Uddin Howlader ◽  
Anam Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Decayed Tooth ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Index Value

110 disabled and 110 normal healthy children with the age range from 3 to 14 were examined in this cross sectional study. The average number of decayed tooth found 5.6 in deciduous and 6.5 in mixed dentition in disabled children, and the numbers were 3.5 and 4.0 respectively in normal children. Average number of missing tooth was 1.3 in disabled and was 1.0 normal child. The oral hygiene index value was 3 in disabled and 2.47 were in healthy children. In the disabled children, 36% respondents had normal gingiva, 50% had mild gingivitis and 14% had marked gingivitis; but in the normal children, about 73% showed normal gingiva, 23% developed mild gingivitis and only 4.5% had marked gingivitis. DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v36i2.6989Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2010; 36: 61-63

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