Status of oral polio vaccination program for international travellers and its determinants: an experience from a designated centre of West Bengal

Background: In order to maintain the polio free status of India, it is vital to monitor the ongoing oral polio vaccination for international travellers. The aim of the study was to determine the status of oral polio vaccination program for international travellers from India to polio infected countries and to find out the determinants of deviation from proposed guidelines. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 101 International travellers from November 2014 to April 2015 at a designated Polio vaccination centre for international travellers in Kolkata. A pre-designed pre-tested schedule was used to collect oral polio vaccination related details. The travellers who gave consent were eligible for the study. Data was expressed in terms of mean, median, standard deviation etc. Association between variables was tested by Chi square test. Results: 32.7% of the travellers had inadequate gap between OPV & travel. Knowledge of gap between OPV and travel was perceived more from health centres and travel agencies than mass media. Inadequate gap was more among lower age group, males, those with information source as mass media, official purpose of visit, those with incorrect knowledge regarding the gap requirement and those who maintained at least four weeks gap between OPV and yellow fever vaccine. Conclusions: Wrong information from the source is responsible for wrong knowledge among the travellers which leads to inadequate gap between OPV and travel. It is crucial to increase awareness among the vaccinators and international travellers in order to contribute towards global polio eradication.

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Study of magnitude and socio-demographic factors associated with anaemia among children of a school for mentally challenged in Ahmednagar, Maharashtra

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182663 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 3141

Author(s):

Pritish K. Raut ◽

Shubhada S. Avachat ◽

Sachin Gupta ◽

Rutuja D. Pundkar

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Care Providers ◽

Feeding Problems ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Under Nutrition ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Anaemia is one of the important silent morbidity in childhood that affects the development of a child. Disabled children are more vulnerable for nutritional problems like under-nutrition or anaemia due to inadequate nutrient intake either due to feeding problems or poor feeding knowledge among care providers. However there are very few studies regarding nutritional problems of intellectually disabled. The aims of the study were to assess the nutritional status and magnitude of anaemia among mentally challenged children and to study the socio-demographic variables associated with anaemia among them.Methods: A Cross sectional study was conducted in a Day School for mentally challenged in Ahmednagar. All 45 children (Day scholars) were enrolled in the study. Data collection was done using a predesigned proforma for detail history. Anthropometric measurements and Body mass index were used for assessment of nutritional status. Haemoglobin estimation was done by using Sahali's Haemoglobinometer. The details of socioeconomic status and intelligence quotient (I.Q.) were taken from the official records of the school. Percentages, proportions and Chi square test were used for Statistical Analysis.Results: The mean age was 12.5 years, mean IQ was 37.8. More than half of the children were undernourished (64% had BMI<18.5). Mean Haemoglobin was 10.3 and 33 (73%) children were suffering from mild to moderate anaemia. Significant association was observed between degree of mental retardation and anaemia.Conclusions: Majority of mentally challenged children in our study were suffering from under nutrition and anaemia.

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HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN TAMBAHAN PUTIH TELUR TERHADAP PERCEPATAN PENYEMBUHAN LUKA PERINEUM DERAJAT II PADA IBU NIFAS DI BPM UTIN MULIA TAHUN 2019

Jurnal Kebidanan Khatulistiwa ◽

10.30602/jkk.v6i1.506 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Eka Santy Abdurahman ◽

Trivani Eka Putri ◽

Lepita M.Keb

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Purposive Sampling

Percepatan penyembuhan luka jahitan perineum derajat II pada masa nifas sangat diharapkan untuk menghindarkan ibu nifas dari bahaya infeksi yaitu dengan cara penambahkan asupan tinggi protein. Ibu bersalin yang mengalami rupture perineum di Indonesia pada golongan umur 25-30 tahun yaitu 24% sedangkan usia 32-39 tahun sebesar 62%. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan pengaruh konsumsi tambahan putih telur terhadap percepatan penyembuhan luka perenium derajat II pada ibu nifas di PMB Utin Mulia Kota Pontianak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Data diambil dari register persalinan di ruang bersalin PMB Utin Mulia, jumlah sampel 20 ibu melahirkan spontan dengan luka jahitan perineum derajat II (10 responden kelompok intervensi dan 10 responden kelompok kontrol dengan teknik purposive sampling). Hasil uji Chi Square didapatkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,010 (p= < 0,05) sehingga hipotesis penelitian diterima yang artinya ada hubungan bermakna antara pemberian putih telur dengan penyembuhan luka perineum derajat II pada ibu nifas di PMB Utin Mulia Kota Pontianak.

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Keikutsertaan Pria dalam Program Keluarga Berencana di Indonesia

Kesmas National Public Health Journal ◽

10.21109/kesmas.v7i4.49 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 158

Author(s):

Musafaah Musafaah

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Mass Media ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Two Stage ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Contact Information ◽

Married Men ◽

Mass Media Exposure

Pria telah mengikuti program keluarga berencana (KB) sejak dahulu. Metode pantang berkala dan kondom telah dikenal berabad-abad lalu, tetapi sejak ditemukan kontrasepsi wanita, program KB pada pria seakan diabaikan. Keikutsertaan pria dalam ber-KB masih sangat rendah jika dibandingkan dengan Bangladesh, Pakistan, dan Nepal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keikutsertaan pria dalam ber-KB meliputi keterpaparan media massa dan kontak informasi KB melalui media massa. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2007 dengan pendekatan cross sectional terhadap 6.013 pria menikah usia 15 – 54 tahun. Teknik pengambilan sampel yangdigunakan adalah two stage sampling. Analisis data menggunakan chi square dan regresi logistik. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pria yang terpapar dengan media massa memiliki kecenderungan 2,12 kali lebih besar untuk ber-KB daripada pria yang kurang terpapar dengan media massa.Selain itu, penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa pria yang kontak informasi KB melalui media massa memiliki kecenderungan 2,21 kali lebih besar untuk ber-KB daripada pria yang tidak kontak informasi KB melalui media massa. Penelitian ini menunjukkan pria memiliki kecenderungan terbesar untuk ber-KB apabila pria terpapar media massa dan mendapatkan informasi KB melalui media massa dengan OR yang terbesar = 2,77.Kata kunci: keikutsertaan pria, keluarga berencana, media massaAbstractMen already used contraception with withdrawal and condom which had known centuries ago. Since contraception for women was found, men family planning program was likely ignored. The involving of men in family planning in Indonesia is still lower than Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Nepal. The objective of this study is to analyze the credencial factor of men participation in family planning through mass media exposure and contact information. This study used Indonesia Demografic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2007 data used cross-sectional study and 6.013 married men aged 15 – 54 years old as participants. Sampling method used is two stage sampling. Data wasanalyzed by chi square and logistic regression. The research showed that men who were exposed mass media 2,12 times more involved in family planning than men who were not exposed mass media and men who were contact information in family planning through mass media 2,21 times moreparticipating in family planning than men who were not. The result showed that men have the highest possibility to participate in family planning if exposed by mass media and contacted to family planning information through mass media with biggest OR = 2,77.Keywords: The involvement of men, family planning, mass media

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A Cross-Sectional Study of Antibiotic Self-Medication

Thrita ◽

10.5812/thrita.105794 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Mousavi ◽

Parisa Shojaei ◽

Azadeh Nazemi ◽

Atefe Dadashi

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Side Effects ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Self Medication ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

Objectives: This research has been conducted to study antibiotic self-medication, prevalence, and reasons. Methods: A questionnaire containing 30 comprehensive questions in terms of the experience of antibiotic self-medication was prepared. In this cross-sectional study, data were analyzed using analytical statistics bases on chi-square and logistic regression. Results: The results showed that 61.3% of the participants were self-antibiotic users. There was a significant difference only between gender and self-medication such that self-medication in males was more than females (P value = 0.027). Conclusions: Self-medication of antibiotics is almost high and requires more information about the side effects of these drugs in order to promote rational and physically prescribed use.

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Myths, beliefs, and conspiracies about COVID-19 Vaccines in Sindh, Pakistan: An online cross-sectional survey

10.22541/au.161519250.03425961/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qamar Abbas ◽

Fatima Mangrio ◽

Sunil Kumar

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

Major Barrier ◽

Polio Vaccination ◽

Relationship Of

Abstract Background Pakistan has already encountered intense opposition to polio vaccination due to myths and misinformation, now the unfavorable opinions of COVID-19 vaccinations among the population would have catastrophic consequences for attempts to end the pandemic. Methods A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the general population of Sindh, Pakistan in January 2021. 31 items based on vaccines availability, safety, and myths, the questionnaire was designed and randomly distributed through a google form link. Results were analyzed using descriptive and Chi-square tests. Results A total of 774 responses were recorded from 23 districts of Sindh, Pakistan. The majority of participants (n=00, 00.0%) were not aware of the presence of the COVID-19 vaccine in Pakistan. Results found the significant relationship of conspiracies and myths with an education level of participants, to make Muslims infertile, illiterate showed (Yes n=45, No=27) while postgraduate (Yes n=11, No=88) (χ2 = 109.6, P> 0.000). Participants showed doubt about the safety of vaccines, (Yes n= 464, 59.9%, No= 310, 40.1%). Other responses related to side effects of the vaccine were also highly significant, participants showed that vaccine side effects (Yes n= 462, 59.7%, No= 312, 40.3%), Pregnant or breastfeeding women should not get vaccinated (Yes n= 468, 59.8%, No= 311, 40.1%) and people with underlying conditions should not get vaccinated (True n= 389, 50.3%, False= 385, 49.7%). Conclusion The proportion of varying public doubts in vaccines’ safety and efficacy and the presence of myths, conspiracies will be a major barrier to vaccine uptake.

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AWARENESS OF GENERAL PUBLIC TOWARDS POLIO IMMUNIZATION IN RURAL PUNJAB PAKISTAN

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v8i1.86 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 48-51

Author(s):

Zafeer Ulhassan Iqbal ◽

Hira Ashraf ◽

Bisma Farooq

Keyword(s):

General Public ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Action Plan ◽

Polio Eradication ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

Polio Vaccination ◽

Polio Immunization ◽

National Emergency

Background: Poliomyelitis is the acute viral infections of children under the age of five years. Pakistan is among the three countries, along with Nigeria and Afghanistan that are endemic to polio. In 2012, government of Pakistan approved a National Emergency Action Plan (NEAP) for polio eradication. Parents are reluctant towards immunization due to some religious beliefs. In current study we are accessing the attitude and behavior of general population towards polio vaccination. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted during 2017 in 4 district of Punjab (Faisalabad, Sheikhpura, Kasur and Lahore) Pakistan. The pretested, piloted and validated instrument with a 20 items structured questionnaire was used for this research. The response rate was 84% during the course of Study. Results: In study population 79% of the respondents were well aware of the term Polio. The positive response towards polio immunization was analyzed for only 62% of the parents. 70.46% of the parents strongly agreed with the medical therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of the disease whereas 29.54% of the respondents were found to believe that polio might be caused due to the evil effects Conclusion: Study concluded that the general public is well informed about polio vaccination and giving vaccine to their children on regular basis.

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Enamel of Premolars whose Predecessors Presented Rupture of the Follicle Bone Crypt from Periapical Infections

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/1053-4625-44.4.7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 256-261

Author(s):

Marcondes Cavalcante Santana Neto ◽

Ana Victória Lopes Bandeira ◽

Heloísa Clara Santos Sousa ◽

Marcoeli Silva de Moura ◽

Lúcia de Fátima Almeida de Deus Moura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linear Trend ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Periapical Lesion ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Student’S T

Objective: To observe if dental alterations in premolars are associated with the rupture of the follicle bone crypt caused by a periapical lesion in the predecessor molars. Study design: This is a cross-sectional study. Data collection consisted of the analysis of medical records, a socioeconomic questionnaire, and dental clinical examination. Records from patients with a history of a radiographically visible periapical lesion in lower primary molars submitted to pulp therapy or extraction from a university dental clinic were selected. Successor premolars were clinically evaluated for the presence of enamel development defects, shape alterations, and eruption deviations. The descriptive analysis of data was performed, and Fisher’s exact tests, linear trend chi-square, and the Student’s t-test were applied. Results: Forty-eight permanent teeth were from 36 patients were evaluated in this study, and 20 (41.7%) of the 48 examined premolars showed a radiographic image suggestive of the rupture of the bone crypt. Rupture of the follicle bone crypt was not associated with the occurrence of enamel alterations in premolars (p = 0.418). An association between dental alterations and age over six years at the time of intervention was observed (p = 0.043). Conclusion: The presence of enamel alterations of premolars was not associated with the rupture of the follicle bone crypt caused by a periapical lesion in predecessor molars.

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The effect of work-related psychosocial stressors on musculoskeletal disorder symptoms in hospital attendants

Work ◽

10.3233/wor-203297 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 477-486

Author(s):

H. Salmani Nodooshan ◽

P. Rastipisheh ◽

G. Yadegarfar ◽

H. Daneshmandi ◽

N. Alighanbari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Psychosocial Stressors ◽

Individual Risk ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Posture Analysis ◽

Work Related ◽

Lower Back ◽

Stress At Work

BACKGROUND: Psychosocial stress at work is an important issue among hospital attendants. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine psychosocial stressors in the work environment and assess their impacts on WMSD symptoms among hospital attendants in Shiraz, southern Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 198 hospital attendants from Shiraz. The study data were collected using a basic demographic questionnaire, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), the Persian version of Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (F-ERIQ), and an individual risk assessment (Evaluación del Riesgo Individual [ERIN]). The data were entered into SPSS version 16 and analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, and Spearman’s correlation tests. RESULTS: The prevalence of WMSD symptoms was 29.8% in the lower back, 25.3% in knees, and 20.7% in ankles/feet. Posture analysis by the ERIN technique demonstrated that 95.5% of the postures were high risk for WMSDs. F-ERIQ identified that 83.4% of the hospital attendants belonged to the “1 < ER-ratio” category. Besides, the “effort” subscale of the F-ERIQ was significantly associated with reporting of MSD symptoms in the neck, shoulders, wrists/hands, and lower back. In addition, a significant correlation was observed between effort (r = 0.367, p = 0.028), esteem (r = –0.273, p = 0.041), security (r = –0.253, p = 0.045), and over-commitment (r = 0.301, p = 0.019) and the total score of the ERIN technique. CONCLUSION: Intervention programs and coping strategies for reduction of work-related stress and, subsequently, prevention of WMSD symptoms are recommended among hospital attendants.

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Attitude and Practice toward Delivering of Verbal Postoperative Instructions by Undergraduates and Trainees: A Descriptive Study

World Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1317 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 71-76

Author(s):

Aisha Wali ◽

Talha M Siddiqui ◽

Aisha Shamim ◽

Tabassum Majeed ◽

Miran Khan

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Health Concern ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Restorative Treatment ◽

Attitude And Practice

ABSTRACT Introduction Dentists’ knowledge and attitudes toward oral health concern provides the structure for their professional work and should be able to convey evidence-based knowledge of oral healthcare to the community. The delivery of safe and appropriate care and instructions to patients is of prime importance to dental professionals. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted for analysis of attitude and practice toward delivering of postoperative instructions by undergraduates and trainees. A cluster sampling technique was used and 220 forms were distributed in five dental institutes of Karachi. Two hundred forms were fully filled and returned. Students of final year and house surgeons were included in the study. Data were statistically analyzed for frequencies and percentages with Chi-square test using SPSS version 19. Results The result of the present study reported that 124 (62%) of the respondents informed the patients that how long the anesthesia will last and numbing wears off. One hundred and eleven (55.5%) of the respondents delivered verbal postoperative instructions after amalgam restoration and 127 (63.5%) after composite restorations. One hundred and thirty-one (65.5%) of the respondents informed patients about temporary filling materials. One hundred and twenty-two (61%) of the respondents delivered the verbal instructions after placing a post or doing core build-ups. Ninety-nine (49.5%) of the respondents verbally explained the importance of full coverage crown. Conclusion The present study concluded that majority of the students and trainees are lacking in uttering the required postoperative instructions after restorative treatment. How to cite this article Wali A, Siddiqui TM, Shamim A, Majeed T, Khan M. Attitude and Practice toward Delivering of Verbal Postoperative Instructions by Undergraduates and Trainees: A Descriptive Study. World J Dent 2015;6(2):71-76.

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The Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Awareness about Principles of Computer Ergonomics in Computer Users

Occupational Hygiene and Health Promotion ◽

10.18502/ohhp.v4i2.3990 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Babak MOEINI ◽

Forouzan REZAPOUR SHAH KALAEI ◽

Yousef MOHAMMADIAN ◽

Khadijeh NAJAFI ◽

Fatemeh MALEKPOUR

Keyword(s):

Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Computer Users ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Proper Distance ◽

Stretching Exercises

Background: Due to the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among computer users, this study was aimed at investigating the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and awareness about the principles of ergonomics among computer users. Method: In this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study, data were collected using demographic questionnaires, Nordic questionnaire, and self-constructed questionnaires. Chi-square, independent t-test, ANOVA, and correlation analyses were used to analyze the data statistically. Results: The most prevalent signs of musculoskeletal disorders were in the waist, neck, shoulder, back, wrists, and knees. The level of awareness about the appropriate height of monitor and the proper distance between eyes of the operator and monitor was low. Although musculoskeletal disorders were lower in people with high levels of awareness about computer ergonomics, no significant relationship was found between the frequency of musculoskeletal disorders and awareness about computer ergonomics. Conclusion: Awareness about computer ergonomics could impact on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. So, informing computer users about knowledge of computer ergonomics and creating times to perform stretching exercises while working with computers are essential.

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