Technology in Education: EdTech in GCC States and COVID-19 Challenges
In recent years, “EdTech” and “E-Learning” concepts have become part of people’s routine. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the conception of social development, the nature of progress, and the application of information technologies. How reasonable is the development of distance learning? This question was raised by many actors. Meanwhile, during the most acute outbreaks of the pandemic, there was a sharp adoption of entire measures for the EdTech introduction around the world, including the Arab states. This article looks into characteristics of the situation in the field of educational innovative technologies in the states of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC) in the period preceding the pandemic and in the last year and a half. The emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of the development of the situation in each of the countries: despite the obvious similarity of the economic, political, and cultural fields, all six Member States of the Council had different attitudes to the goals of education, to the reform of this area, and to the use of technology and EdTech in education process. The article is divided into two main parts according to the chronological principle: The first briefly describes the processes of implementing educational technologies until 2020 characterizing the overall dynamics of the development of the sector in each of the six countries. The second part similarly covers the period of the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic as well as introduces the measures and steps taken in the GCC countries, provides analysis of their effectiveness and the reasons for their success or failure. The problem of the research seems to be extremely relevant despite the little amount of academic works devoted to this topic. Further study of the experience of Arab countries will not only allow to make several assumptions about the effectiveness of certain measures in other countries (e.g., in Russia) but also can become the basis for a broad comparative study covering the entire region of the Middle East and North Africa.