scholarly journals Recovery Method for Emergency Situations with Hazardous Substances Emission into the Atmosphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-426
Author(s):  
Maksym V. Kustov ◽  
Volodymyr D. Kalugin ◽  
Olena V. Hristich ◽  
Yuliana K. Hapon
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Solid Disperse ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Hazardous Area ◽  
Precipitation Formation

The objective of this Article is development of a hazardous area extent reducing method in the atmosphere upon emergency situation occurrence with hazardous chemical and radioactive substances emission. To achieve the specified objective it is recommended to use deposition of gaseous, liquid and solid disperse hazardous particles from the atmosphere using artificial precipitation over a zone of emergency. For artificial intensification of precipitation, use of chemical and physical principles of impact on droplets formation processes in the area of clouds is proposed. A pyrotechnic composition was developed for chemical impact, which when combustion generates finely dispersed chemical centers of condensation and modifying components for hazardous chemical substances neutralization. Conducting the ionization of precipitation formation area by a strong impulse electromagnetic irradiation was proposed as a physical impact on the artificial precipitation formation processes. The laboratory study results confirmed the technical feasibility of this method implementation. To reduce the necessary radiator power, application of a multi-position radiators system with radiation focusing to one irradiation zone was proposed. The theoretical and experimental results obtained in the article are the base for development of emergency situation negative consequences reduction practical procedures through artificial precipitation initiation.

PEMANFAATAN KARBON AKTIF UNTUK MENGURANGI CEMARAN FORMALIN PADA IKAN ASIN JAMBAL ROTI

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erma Ayu Nurcahyani ◽  
Merkuria Karyantina ◽  
Nanik Suhartatik
Keyword(s):  
Active Carbon ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Salted Fish ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
The People ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Chemical Material

Ikan asin adalah metode untuk pengawetan makanan menggunakan kombinasi penggaraman dan pengeringan matahari. Di kalangan masyarakat, pembuatan ikan asin banyak menggunakan bahan kimia berbahaya seperti formalin. Penambahan bahan berbahaya mempengaruhi kualitas terutama keamanan. Makanan yang aman didefinisikan sebagai makanan yang terbebas dari cemaran biologi, kimia, mikrobiologi, yang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan. Karbon aktif diduga bersifat polar yang mampu mengadsorpsi formalin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian karbon aktif dalam mengurangi cemaran formalin pada “jambal roti”. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan untuk percobaan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 2 faktorial, dengan faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi karbon aktif 0, 3, dan 6% serta perlakuan kedua yaitu lama perebusan selama 5, 10, dan 15 menit. Penelitian ini dimulai dari pembuatan “jambal roti” dengan penambahan formalin dan perebusan dengan karbon aktif kemudian dianalisis uji kadar formalin, NaCl, protein, dan air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi karbon aktif dan lama perebusan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada kualitas jambal roti. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi karbon aktif dan lama perebusan maka semakin berkurangnya kadar formalin pada jambal roti. Hasil terbaik penelitian ini adalah karbon aktif 6% dan lama perebusan 15 menit. Menghasilkan formalin 3.21 ppm, NaCl 9.40%, protein 42.00%, dan air 30.02%. Kata kunci: Karbon Aktif, Formalin, Jambal Roti, Lama Perebusan. ABSTRACT                 Salted fish was a method for food preservation using combination of salting and sun drying. Among the people, the manufacture of salted fish use hazardous chemical material such as formaldehyde. The addition of hazardous substances affects the quality especially the safety. Safe food define as food that free from biological, chemical, microbiological contaminants that can affect health. Active carbon suspected to be polar which able to adsorb formaldehyde. The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of active carbon in reducing formaldehyde in salted fish “jambal roti”. The research used completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors, the first factor was the concentration of active carbon 0, 3, and 6% and the second was the boiling time (for 5, 10, and 15 min). This research was started from making “jambal roti” with the addition of formaldehyde and boiling with active carbon then analyzed for formaldehyde content, NaCl, protein, and moisture. The result showed that the concentration of active carbon and boiling time had a significant effect in quality salted fish “jambal roti”. The higher the concentration of active carbon and boiling time the more formaldehyde in “jambal roti” were removed. The best results of the research was 6% active carbon and 15 min of boiling time. Resulting 3.21 ppm of formaldehyde, 9.40% of NaCl, 42.00% of protein, and 30.02% of moisture. Keywords: Active Carbon, Formaldehyde, Jambal Roti, Boiling Time

scholarly journals Indirect Health Effects of COVID-19: Unhealthy Lifestyle Behaviors during the Lockdown in the United Arab Emirates

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1964
Author(s):  
Hadia Radwan ◽  
Mahra Al Kitbi ◽  
Hayder Hasan ◽  
Marwa Al Hilali ◽  
Nada Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Lifestyle Change ◽  
Change Score ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results

Background: Lockdown measures were implemented in many countries to limit the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, such restrictions could precipitate unintended negative consequences on lifestyle behaviors. The main objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and determinants of unhealthy behavior changes during the COVID-19 lockdown among residents of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey of adults residing in the UAE was carried out during lockdown (n = 2060). Using a multi-component questionnaire, the collected data included questions regarding the following lifestyle changes: Increased dietary intake, increased weight, decreased physical activity, decreased sleep, and increased smoking. An unhealthy lifestyle change score was calculated based on the number of unhealthy lifestyle changes each participant reported. In addition, sociodemographic and living conditions information was collected. Descriptive statistics as well as simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the prevalence and determinants of the unhealthy lifestyle changes considered in this study. Results: Among the unhealthy lifestyle changes examined, increased food intake was the most common (31.8%), followed by decreased physical activity (30%), increased weight (29.4%), decreased sleep (20.8%), and increased smoking (21%). In addition to identifying the correlates of each of the aforementioned lifestyle changes, the results of the multiple regression linear analyses revealed the following correlates for the overall unhealthy lifestyle change score: females (β = 0.32, CI: 0.22; 0.42), living in an apartment (β = 0.12, CI: 0.003; 0.23) and being overweight/obese (β = 0.24, CI: 0.15; 0.32) had higher scores, while older adults (>40 years) had lower scores (β = −0.23, CI: −0.34; −0.12). Conclusions: The COVID-19 lockdown has resulted in a high prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and practices among UAE residents. The findings of this study provided the evidence base for officials to design interventions targeting high-risk groups and aiming to improve healthy lifestyle factors among residents during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Liminality and Child Labour: Experiences of School Aged Working Children with Implications for Community Education in Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Okechukwu Stephen Chukwudeh ◽  
Akpovire Oduaran
Keyword(s):  
Peer Influence ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Informal Market ◽  
Working Children ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Background: Liminality brings confusion among children as they cannot progress to the next stage of life, neither could they regress to their previous state of events. The situation is precarious for socioeconomic deprived children in Africa as it cast aspersion on their career, health and well-being. The study, therefore, examines the experiences’ of children who were supposed to be in school but were observed working at the informal market space in Africa. Methods: Qualitative data was collected through referral and non-discriminative snowballing. Fourty-eight participants (48-KII 2, IDI 10, FGD 6–6 person per group, total 36) from Aleshinloye and Bodija markets in Southwest Nigeria were included in the study. Results: Parental poverty, poor education facilities, peer influence, and the frequent strike by education institutions (pre-tertiary and tertiary) were implicated for the prevalence of child labour in the informal market space in Southwest Nigeria. Conclusions: The negative consequences of the liminality stage far outweigh the positive. Therefore, there is a need for conscientious efforts by community leaders, parents, and relevant stakeholders in the society to eradicate snags within the liminality of children’s education in order to curb child labour. This is necessary to achieve the sustainable development goals by 2030.

scholarly journals Destruction of electrical insulating structures of electric motors during various drying techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 01066
Author(s):  
M. Bashirov ◽  
A. Nemirovskiy ◽  
A. Aluynov ◽  
O. Vyatkina ◽  
R. Salikhova
Keyword(s):  
Defect Formation ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
Insulation System ◽  
Insulating Materials ◽  
Humid Environment ◽  
Drying Techniques ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

The paper discusses the problem of drying electric motors in a humid environment. The study considers the influence of oven, current, electroosmotic, convective-electroosmotic drying methods on defect formation in electrical insulating materials of electric motors. Thermal oven drying destroys the insulation system of electric motors for an order of magnitude higher than other methods and has a lot of negative consequences. The electroosmotic and convective-electroosmotic drying processes do not have disadvantages of thermal drying methods, or these disadvantages are kept to a minimum. It is shown that electroosmotic and convective-electroosmotic drying result in a uniform distribution of moisture content in the volume of electrical insulating materials. This reduces the likelihood of dangerous stresses and subsequent cracking. Electroosmotic and convective-electroosmotic drying have little effect on defect formation processes in the insulation system of electric motors and, thus, almost do not reduce the service life of electric motors.

General, Interpersonal, and Gender Role Specific Risk Factors of Postpartum Depressive Symptoms in Fathers

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 545-567
Author(s):  
Hanne N⊘rr Fentz ◽  
Marianne Simonsen ◽  
Tea Trillingsgaard
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Postnatal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Specific Risk ◽  
Paternal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Study Results

Introduction: Paternal postnatal depression has significant negative consequences for the family and child. Still, only little attention has been paid to potential unique risk factors of depression in fathers and the theoretical grounding of such research is sparse. Method: This study examined prenatal risk factors derived from three theoretical models: the cognitive vulnerability-stress model, the interpersonal model, and the gender role risk model of paternal postnatal depression. The sample consisted of 211 expectant fathers, of whom 5.7% scored above the clinical cut-off on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and 235 mothers were included as a reference group. Participants filled in questionnaires during pregnancy and four months postpartum. Results: The study results suggest that prenatal depressive score is the strongest risk factor for both paternal and maternal postnatal depressive symptoms. In addition, childhood separation from parents, unemployment, financial strain, and doubts about having the child were unique risk factors for paternal depressive symptoms, while lower marital satisfaction was a unique risk factor for maternal depression. Discussion: These findings highlight that beyond the strong role of prenatal depressive symptoms for both genders, specific risk factors for father depression exist. This may be informative to health care professionals in increasing the reach and prevention of depression in new fathers.

scholarly journals Geodetic work during implementation of environmental protection measures for the remediation of oil-contaminated lands

2020 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 02024
Author(s):  
Nina Rogova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Gps Receivers ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
The Cost

At the present level, the production, transportation and primary processing of oil products is associated with the problem of environmental pollution. The ingress of oil products into the natural environment leads to negative consequences and requires the enterprise to incur additional costs to eliminate the emergency situation and to take environmental protection measures to restore oil-contaminated territories. To restore contaminated territories on the basis of field surveys, which are based on geodetic work, remediation projects are developed. Remediation is carried out on the basis of a project, the reliability of which is taken into account during field geodetic work on determining the site area. In the course of the calculations, it was found that the use of tacheometric survey can significantly increase the cost of field work. In most cases, to ensure the development of a remediation project, it is enough to use domestic GPS receivers. The use of this class of devices will reduce both the timing of field work and their cost. It should be borne in mind that the accuracy of domestic GPS receivers allows using them in determining sites with an area of more than 0.5 ha.

scholarly journals The leading causes and consequences of citizenship pressure in the hotel industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1541-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyewon Youn ◽  
Jong-Hyeong Kim ◽  
Hanqun Song
Keyword(s):  
Job Stress ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hotel Employees ◽  
Study Results

Purpose This study aims to examine the causes of citizenship pressure and to investigate the relationship between citizenship pressure, job stress and turnover intentions. Specifically, the current study examines the effects of the personality trait of neuroticism and the organizational cultures of bureaucracy and the market. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 224 hotel employees in the People’s Republic of China using a self-administered survey questionnaire. The participants completed measures examining citizenship pressure, personality, organizational culture, job stress and intention to quit. Structural equation modeling was used to test the research hypotheses. Findings The results showed that employees who are more neurotic are more likely to experience citizenship pressure. Moreover, citizenship pressure was found to increase job stress and turnover intentions. However, a bureaucratic culture, which prizes stability, was found to reduce citizenship pressure. Practical implications This study presents factors that may influence hotel employees’ perceptions of citizenship pressure and reveals the negative consequences of such pressure. Thus, the study results contribute to a better understanding of citizenship pressure and can be used to develop guidelines to reduce citizenship pressure in work environments. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the current study is the first empirical study to examine the antecedents and consequences of citizenship pressure in the hotel industry. Moreover, previous citizenship pressure studies have mainly been conducted in a Western cultural context; it is unclear whether citizenship pressure can be similarly observed in China, where the nature and form of employment relationships differ significantly from those in Western countries.

scholarly journals EMOTIONAL LEADERSHIP AS A FACTOR OF EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF MILITARY UNITS: THE ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN RESEARCH

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
Vitaly Lagodzinsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Unit Management ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Military Unit ◽  
Emotional Leadership ◽  
Military Units

The article purpose is to present the theoretical analysis and determine how to use military personnel’s emotional intelligence skills for management of a military unit. We used theoretical research methods: the analysis of theoretical sources discussing service members’ leadership formation based on the concept of emotional leadership, a comparative analysis of the reviewed theoretical materials. Foreign authors’ works devoted to emotional intelligence and emotional leadership among military personnel were analysed. The basic principles of a leader’s emotional intelligence were revealed, which meant a leader’s capability to use emotional intelligence in order to improve the managing efficiency for military units. A number of issues that need to be addressed were identified, namely: influence of military leaders’ emotional intelligence skills on post-traumatic stress overcoming and mitigating of negative consequences associated with a psychological trauma; influence of leaders’ emotional intelligence on military unit management and relations between military personnel’s emotional competence, leadership attributes and technical and tactical skills; programs for assessment and development of service members’ emotional intelligence and emotional leadership in order to improve unit management by control over service members’ emotions, other people’s emotions and groups’ emotions and implementation of such programs. The study results has confirmed that service members’ emotional leadership skills should be developed to improve unit management efficiency, since such skills are necessary for management, emotional leadership improves management skills at all, social responsiveness and interactions with a team.

scholarly journals The Organization of Criminal Proceedings During a Pandemic when the State of Emergency Has Not Been Declared (Using the Example of COVID-19 Pandemic)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-260
Author(s):  
Michael Menzhega ◽  
Marina Sawelewa ◽  
Aleksandr Smuskin
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Government

The authors analyze the work of law enforcement bodies in the conditions of the pandemic when the situation has not been recognized as an emergency by the government authorities and the state of emergency has not been announced (using the example of the situation in March — April of 2020 connected with the COVID-19 pandemic). They stress the importance of a comprehensive assessment of how critical the situation is and of carrying out certain actions even before it is recognized as an emergency. The authors also analyze various approaches to this situation used in difference regions of Russia and point out negative consequences of the implementation of some decisions. It is shown that law enforcement activities, in comparison with other functions of the state, provide fewer opportunities for avoiding personal contact with citizens. In this connection, different ways of carrying out criminalistic activities effectively that take into consideration the necessity of minimizing personal contact for the investigator are presented, such as: distance communication, investigative activities in virtual reality, use of unmanned aerial vehicles to examine the scene of crime without visiting the area during lockdown, use of criminalistic robotics and other robotic complexes. The authors note with regret that while the administration of law enforcement during an emergency situation or a state of emergency is supported by research-based recommendations, it is left in a virtual vacuum, research- and methodology-wise, in the situation of restrictive measures and self-isolation. The article describes both measures of general prevention (use of medical masks, disposable gloves, disposable clothes, hazmat suits), and special possibilities provided by information and communication technologies available in the conditions of the fourth information revolution. The latter, according to the authors, are a wider use of videoconferencing (including its use for such investigative actions as interrogation, confrontation, identification parade, examination), use of computer-augmented reality, implementation of the concept of electronic justice and the use of robotic complexes for criminalistic purposes.

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