scholarly journals Implementation Problems and Improvement Strategies of Free Ride Policy for the Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiyun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
The Third ◽  
Free Ride ◽  
Improvement Strategies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Implementation Problems

<p>Shanghai has abolished the policy of free travel for the elderly and changed it into a comprehensive allowance for the elderly. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the free ride policy for the elderly from the perspective of citizens, enterprises and the government, and then puts forward three feasible improvement strategies: one is free for limited time, the other is free for limited times, and the third is to change the unlimited implicit subsidy to the quota explicit subsidy, which has reference significance for improving the free ride system for the elderly.</p>

scholarly journals How did Sweden Fail the Pandemic?

2021 ◽  
pp. 002073142199484
Author(s):  
Finn Diderichsen
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Differential Survival ◽  
Adequate Care ◽  
Differential Exposure ◽  
The Government ◽  
Differential Immunity ◽  
Inequalities In Mortality

Sweden has since the start of the pandemic a COVID-19 mortality rate that is 4 to 10 times higher than in the other Nordic countries. Also, measured as age-standardized all-cause excess mortality in the first half of 2020 compared to previous years Sweden failed in comparison with the other Nordic countries, but only among the elderly. Sweden has large socioeconomic and ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 mortality. Geographical, ethnic, and socioeconomic inequalities in mortality can be due to differential exposure to the virus, differential immunity, and differential survival. Most of the country differences are due to differential exposure, but the socioeconomic disparities are mainly driven by differential survival due to an unequal burden of comorbidity. Sweden suffered from an unfortunate timing of tourists returning from virus hotspots in the Alps and Sweden's government response came later and was much more limited than elsewhere. The government had an explicit priority to protect the elderly in nursing and care homes but failed to do so. The staff in elderly care are less qualified and have harder working conditions in Sweden, and they lacked adequate care for the clients. Sweden has in recent years diverged from the Scandinavian welfare model by strong commercialization of primary care and elderly care.

Big Hopes and Trouble, 1961–1969

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-76
Author(s):  
Catriona Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Production Planning ◽  
Fiftieth Anniversary ◽  
The Other ◽  
October Revolution ◽  
Party Leader ◽  
Film Production ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
General Director

In 1961, the government bodies responsible for film production (the Ministries of Culture of the USSR and RSFSR) forcibly imposed on a reluctant Lenfilm the complete reorganization of production planning. The old Scripts Department was shut down and three “creative units” set up. This change was pushed through by Lenfilm’s energetic and flamboyant new general director, Ilya Kiselev, who had begun his career as an actor. Of the creative units, the earliest to emerge was the Third Creative Unit, which soon had a role as the flagship of contemporary cinema, a genre heavily promoted during the Thaw. However, the Third Creative Unit ran into increasing trouble as political control tightened after Khrushchev was forced to resign, and in 1969, it was closed down altogether. Yet life was not always calmer in the other units, as witnessed in particular by the difficulties that gripped the Second Creative Unit’s efforts to produce movies commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of the October Revolution in 1967, and by the problems of the First Creative Unit in establishing its own character and repertoire. At the same time, the general political line at this period, while unpredictable, was not uniformly harsh, as manifested in the conclusion of Leningrad’s Party leader that audiences could “make up their own mind” about a film he disliked.

The Formation of Great Britain's “Truly National” Government

1940 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 728-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ivor Jennings
Keyword(s):  
National Government ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
Members Of Parliament ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
Responsible Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Precise Relationship ◽  
The One ◽  
Governmental Control

The events of the days of May, when Parliament replaced the “National” Government of the third Chamberlain by the “truly National” Government of the third Churchill, illustrate the danger of simple explanations of the working of the British constitution. The notion that responsible government could be expressed in terms of Parliamentary “control” of the Government in power has disappeared. There has been, however, a tendency to replace it by the equally naive explanation of Governmental control of Parliament. The truth lies in between. On the one hand, it must be recognized that, through the party machine, a Government with a majority has very substantial powers of control. On the other hand, it must equally be recognized that public opinion, acting through members of Parliament, has a profound influence on the policy of the Government. The precise relationship has never been fully investigated, because the British electoral machine has never been adequately studied. It is doubtful if it can ever be adequately expounded, because, like so many parts of the British constitution, it depends upon intangible elements which do not lend themselves easily to demonstration.

Brian L. Mishara et Robert G. Riedel. Le vieillissement. 3e éd. Paris: Presse Universitaire de France, 1994.

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
Guilhème Pérodeau
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Added Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Previous Edition

ABSTRACTThis is the third edition of a book published at the beginning of the 80s. According to Mishara and his colleagues, as many studies in gerontology have been undertaken in the last decade as the previous 50 years. In order to update the last edition, the authors kept the same format as in the other editions. Leaving aside more recent studies showing the same conclusions as in the earlier editions, the authors instead added studies which present new elements or which possibly may invalidate or confirm ambiguous results from the past. The themes discussed are practically the same as in the previous edition. A new chapter was added on the use of medicines and drugs by the elderly. The chapters pertaining to death and grief are of particular interest. This book, although academic, has a flowing style and is a great added value to a library if the reader does not have any of the previous editions.

scholarly journals Pengangguran Di Tengah Puncak Bonus Demografi Pada Era Pandemi Covid-19

IJAcc ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Rizka Azzahra
Keyword(s):  
Bargaining Power ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
The World ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
The Government ◽  
Worship Education ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

Demographers predict that in the period 2020-2030 Indonesia will experience a demographic bonus with a peak around 2030. At that time, the number of people with productive age in Indonesia, namely the age range of 15-64 years, far exceeds those who are included in the nonproductive age (children and the elderly). The Demographic Bonus should be a very positive thing where Indonesia can get extraordinary benefits, making Indonesia have high competitiveness and bargaining power. But on the other hand, Indonesia is currently facing serious problems due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic that has hit the world. Social distancing (physical distancing) carried out to anticipate the spread and expansion of the Covid 19 pandemic has made changes in various fields, both in the economy, transportation, worship, education, government and entertainment that have a direct impact on labor. The number of job cuts that occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic had a huge impact because not all of the workforce could be accommodated in the world of work, as a result it would encourage an increase in the number of unemployed in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of unemployment in Indonesia and the steps that need to be taken by the government and the Indonesian people in order to face the era of demographic bonuses in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic so that this demographic bonus does not become a wave of mass unemployment in Indonesia.

Conservatives and the Parliament: State Duma Reform Projects of 1907–1917

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
Fyodor A. Gayda
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
The Third ◽  
Parliamentary System ◽  
Political Configuration ◽  
The Government

 The article is devoted to conservative projects of reforming the State Duma, which was established in Russia in 1906. Those projects can be divided into two groups. Some projects were proposed by Russian nationalists (M.O. Menshikov, I.P. Balashov), who supported Stolypin and claimed to be one of the two main forces of the parliamentary majority. Nationalists sought to preserve the legislative powers of the Duma and stressed that the reform was supposed to strengthen parliamentarism. The projects of the nationalists proposed only partial adjustments to the parliamentary system, but still changing the Basic State Laws (in other words the coup d’état). The government did not support this path. The other projects were initiated by right-wing conservatives (L.A. Tikhomirov, K.N. Paskhalov, prince V.P. Meshchersky). Right-wing conservatives proposed turning the Duma into a legislative institution. This completely changed the political configuration and eliminated the “The Third of June” system. Both nationalist and right-wing projects were rejected by the government, albeit for different reasons: either due to their indeterminate character (nationalist projects) or due to their radicalism (right-wing projects). The ministers invariably considered the reorganization of the Duma more difficult than finding ways to cooperate with it.

scholarly journals COMPUTER LITERACY TRAINING AT THE UNIVERSITY OF THE THIRD AGE (FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT)

2018 ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
I. V. Balandina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Third Age ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government

Article discloses relevance of continuous education, and in particular training of people of old age. The subject of a gerontoobrazovaniye was studied by many domestic and foreign researchers, the scientific recommendations, reports on training of elderly people have been developed. In many countries of the world training centers have been open for this category of the population. In the Russian Federation distribution was gained by the Universities of the third age at which courses enjoy the greatest popularity, connected with training in bases of work with the personal computer. The same purpose — adaptation of the elderly person in digital modern society pursues also the Government of the Russian Federation, developing the appropriate state programs. The universities of the third age are open in many cities. Often they open on the basis of departments of social protection of the population. For assistance higher education institutions are attracted. The fragment of the training program of “A basis of the computer literacy” developed by teachers of the Shadrinsk state pedagogical university is given in article. The purpose, problems of a course, the requirement to the level of assimilation and the planned results reveals. Examples of educational and thematic planning and a substantial component are given.

scholarly journals Organizational Field And Institutional Pillars: understanding the pesticide field in Brazil and India ## Campo Organizacional e Pilares Institucionais: discussão para entender o campo dos pesticidas no Brasil e Índia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Echevenguá Borges ◽  
Carolina Pantuza Vilar dos Santos ◽  
Ivan Beck Ckagnazaroff
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Family Farmers ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Government ◽  
Made In

Este texto teve como objetivo discutir conceitos que constituem e atravessam a teoria institucional de modo a construir uma epistemologia estruturalista que possa oferecer subsídios para futuros pesquisadores que desejem estudar a evolução do campo de pesticidas no Brasil e na Índia. Especificamente, delineamos os conceitos campo organizacional e pilares institucionais para propor uma agenda de pesquisa que busque investigar conflitos e ações de multinacionais do agronegócio, políticos, agricultores familiares, agricultores pequenos, médios e grande porte, pesquisadores de diferentes áreas e organizações do terceiro setor a fim de legitimar suas definições sobre os pesticidas. Isso é importante, pois, de um lado, os pesquisadores da área da saúde poderiam definir os pesticidas como prejudiciais à saúde humana, sugerindo, assim, que o governo proíba sua comercialização. Por outro, com o objetivo de sensibilizar os políticos e a sociedade, as multinacionais do agronegócio poderiam definir os pesticidas como tecnologias fundamentais para proporcionar alta produtividade e segurança alimentar à população.ABSTRACTThis paper aimed to discuss concepts that constitute and traverse institutional theory, so as to build a structuralist epistemology that might offer support to future researchers that intend to study the evolution of the pesticide fi eld in Brazil and India. Specifically, we defi ned the concepts of organizational fi eld and institutional pillars. This was made in order to propose a research agenda that seeks to investigate conflicts and actions taken by agribusiness multinationals, politicians, family farmers, small, medium and large agriculturists, researchers from different fields and organizations of the third sector, thus legitimizing their definitions about the pesticides. This is important because health researchers could define them as harmful to human health, thus suggesting that the government should forbid their commercialization. On the other hand, aiming at sensitizing politicians and society, agribusiness multinationals could define pesticides as fundamental technologies for providing high productivity and food safety to the population.

scholarly journals Pengangguran Di Tengah Puncak Bonus Demografi Pada Era Pandemi Covid-19

IJAcc ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Rizka Azzahra
Keyword(s):  
Bargaining Power ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
The World ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
The Government ◽  
Worship Education ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

Demographers predict that in the period 2020-2030 Indonesia will experience a demographic bonus with a peak around 2030. At that time, the number of people with productive age in Indonesia, namely the age range of 15-64 years, far exceeds those who are included in the nonproductive age (children and the elderly). The Demographic Bonus should be a very positive thing where Indonesia can get extraordinary benefits, making Indonesia have high competitiveness and bargaining power. But on the other hand, Indonesia is currently facing serious problems due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic that has hit the world. Social distancing (physical distancing) carried out to anticipate the spread and expansion of the Covid 19 pandemic has made changes in various fields, both in the economy, transportation, worship, education, government and entertainment that have a direct impact on labor. The number of job cuts that occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic had a huge impact because not all of the workforce could be accommodated in the world of work, as a result it would encourage an increase in the number of unemployed in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of unemployment in Indonesia and the steps that need to be taken by the government and the Indonesian people in order to face the era of demographic bonuses in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic so that this demographic bonus does not become a wave of mass unemployment in Indonesia.

Analyses of Compound Structures of Groups that Produce Intellectual Property

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-187
Author(s):  
Hiroyasu Inoue ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Third ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Layered Networks ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Joint Authorship

This paper focuses on collaborations between scientists and engineers and investigates their mutual benefits. More concretely, multi-layered networks separated into four scientific/technological areas are investigated. The areas are life sciences (Bio), nanotechnology/materials (Nano), information and telecommunications (IT), and environmental sciences (Env), and they are mentioned in the third science and technology basic plan issued by the Government of Japan. The networks were then analyzed by using p*models to find compound structures. Logistic regression analysis was conducted, and the compound structures were expressed by explanatory variables. In all four areas, joint authorship and joint application tend to overlap. A role interlocking structure is only found in Bio, and itmeans that a gatekeeper exists between scientific knowledge and technical knowledge. A transitivity structuremeans three-person groups emerge such that a central person publishes papers (or patents) with two other people, and the two other people publish the other outcomes, and patents (or papers). It is found that transitivity is generally not reversible. In Bio and Nano, there is no eminent difference in significance of the two different types of transitivity, but in IT and Env, segregations with a joint application expert and joint authorship support emerge more strongly than the other types of segregations.

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