Prevalence of Pre-Hypertension in Migrant Worker Population

Aim: To determine prevalence of Pre-hypertension in migrant worker population. Methods and Materials: An observational study were conducted on migrant workers from various types of working sites like construction, hotels and restaurants, industry in municipal limits of Nashik. Study Duration was six months with estimated sample size 1000. Body weight, height and blood pressure were recorded. Result: Of the 959 migrant workers (male and female) 809 (84.35%) belonged to 10-40 years age group, in which 22 % was female. We found that 30% of total population was overweight (BMI more than 25) and 63% workers are having abnormal blood pressure. The overall prevalence of hypertension in migrant population was 18.44%. 27% migrant populations were pre-hypertensive while 8% have Stage I Hypertension and 1% of total have Stage II hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of pre hypertension in migrant worker population was higher than prevalence in general population.

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Contrasting SARS-CoV-2 epidemics in Singapore: Cohort studies in migrant workers and the general population

10.21203/rs.3.rs-441527/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hannah E Clapham ◽

Wan Ni Chia ◽

Linda Wei Lin Tan ◽

Vishakha Kumar ◽

Jane M Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Large Scale ◽

Migrant Worker ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Control Measures ◽

Preparedness Planning ◽

Community Transmission

Abstract From January 2020, Singapore implemented comprehensive measures to suppress SARS-CoV-2. Community transmission has been limited, although explosive outbreaks have occurred in migrant worker dormitories. We conducted longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 serology studies among 478 residents of a SARS-CoV-2 affected migrant worker dormitory between May and July 2020, and 937 community-dwelling adult Singapore residents with sera collected before September 2019 and in November/December 2020. By end 2020, <2 per 1000 (0.16%, 95% CrI: 0.008% - 0.72%) adult residents in the community were infected with SARS-CoV-2, approximately 4 times higher than the national notified case incidence. In contrast, in the migrant worker cohort, nearly two-thirds 63.8% (95% CrI: 57.9% - 70.3%) had been infected by July 2020; no symptoms were reported in >90% of these infections. SARS-CoV-2 suppression is feasible with rapid implementation of comprehensive control measures. However, the risk of large-scale epidemics in densely-populated environments requires specific consideration in preparedness planning.

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Pattern of Metabolic Syndrome in Clinical Practice

Journal of Medicine ◽

10.3329/jom.v10i2.2813 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 48-51

Author(s):

Quazi Tarikul Islam ◽

Md Azizul Haque ◽

ASM Shawkat Ali ◽

ARM Saifuddin Ekram ◽

Sultana Monira Hussain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Weight ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Age Group ◽

Inclusion Criteria

1068 randomly sampled adult Bangladeshi people were studied during a period of six months from October 2004 to March 2005. It was a randomized, prospective study. Cases that fulfilled two criteria of metabolic syndrome (MetS) were evaluated to see pattern and types of MetS. Out of 1068 patients, 110 (10.3%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. 101 (9.4%) cases were labeled as metabolic syndrome according to NCEP ATP III criteria, 09 cases had only two criteria. 40 cases were male & 70 cases were female (M:F= 1:1.8). Mean age of patients with was 44.88, ranging from the age of 20-68 years. Majority (55%) of the patients were in the age group of 30-49 years. Half of the cases had BMI 30-34.9. Mean body weight of male was 85.9 kg and of female was 78.2 kg. Mean waist circumference of male was 41.7 inches and of female 40 inches. Mean HDL for male was 38.3 mg/dL and for female is 40.2 mg/dL. Mean Triglyceride for male was 172.1 and for female was 169.3 mg/dL. Mean total cholesterol for male was 216.7 and for female was 207.6 mg/dL. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) for men is 162 mm Hg & diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 99 mm Hg and for female mean SBP 155 and DBP 96 mm Hg. Metabolic syndrome is more prevalent in the 3rd and 4th decade of life in both sexes. It is almost twice common in female than male. Combination of hypertension, obesity & dyslipidemia comprises nearly 40% of its presentation. doi: 10.3329/jom.v10i2.2813 J MEDICINE 2009; 10 : 48-51

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Epidemiology of Obesity and Hypertension in School Adolescents Aged 15–17 from the Region of Central Poland—A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18052394 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 2394

Author(s):

Piotr Wieniawski ◽

Bożena Werner

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Excess Body Weight ◽

Age Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Weight Category

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of abnormal weight and anthropometric parameters along with abnormal blood pressure values in adolescents in Poland. Anthropometric measurements were taken in the studied age group and the correlation between these values and blood pressure values and the diagnosis of hypertension was analyzed. The main aim of the study was to characterize the particular age group in the selected population: 690 students aged 15–17 years were examined. Blood pressure and anthropometric values including height, weight, circumferences of the hips, abdomen and arms, as well as skinfolds on the back of the arm, below the scapula and the stomach, were taken. The following indexes were calculated: WHR (waist to hip ratio), WHtR (waist to height ratio), BAI (body adiposity index-hip to height ratio) and BMI (body mass index). Mean SBP (systolic blood pressure) was 112.3 (standard deviation (SD) 12.2) mmHg, and DBP (diastolic blood pressure) was 66.9 (SD 6.9) mmHg. The prevalence of hypertension in the studied group was 5.8% (3.2% boys, 2.6% girls) and prehypertension was present in 4.4% (1.6% boys, 2.8% girls). The prevalence of excess body weight was 23.6%-obesity 11.3% (40 girls, 27 boys) and overweight 12.3% (50 girls, 34 boys). Correlations between BMI and waist, hip and arm circumference, subscapular and abdominal skinfold thickness, WHtR and BAI were r = 0.86, r = 0.84, r = 0.88, r = 0.81, r = 0.75, r = 0.88 and r = 0.81, respectively (p < 0.05). Significant differences (p < 0.05) of SBP and DBP values, depending on weight category, as defined by BMI, were observed. Abnormal blood pressure values occur in one tenth and abnormal body weight in almost a quarter of the studied population. Obese and overweight children have higher SBP and DBP values compared to children with normal body weight.

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Effect of Body Weight Change on Blood Pressure in a Japanese General Population with a Body Mass Index ≥ 22 kg/m2

International Heart Journal ◽

10.1536/ihj.19-314 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 60 (6) ◽

pp. 1381-1386 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hidetaka Itoh ◽

Hidehiro Kaneko ◽

Hiroyuki Kiriyama ◽

Koki Nakanishi ◽

Yoshiko Mizuno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Weight ◽

General Population ◽

Body Mass ◽

Weight Change ◽

Body Weight Change ◽

Japanese General Population

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Population Growth and Primary School Enrollment in Yola-North, Adamawa-Nigeria

International Journal of Scientific Research and Management ◽

10.18535/ijsrm/v6i5.m02 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (05) ◽

Author(s):

Emmanuel Torsen ◽

Peace Oaya

Keyword(s):

Population Growth ◽

Primary School ◽

Total Population ◽

School Enrollment ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Age Group ◽

Male And Female ◽

Sex Structure ◽

Exponential Growth Model

This work is centrally focused on population growth and how it affect the enrollment of school age children (6-11 years age group). The population of 2006 (199,674) was used as the base year to project the 2011 (234,329), 2016 (274,972) and 2021 (322,688) populations using the exponential growth model. Enrollment ratio was obtained by relating the total population of a particular level to the population that were enrolled at that particular level base on sex structure, the Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) for male pupils from 2006 and 2011 was 70.21581% and 70.21696% which implies that 29.784% and 29.78304% of the male school age children are yet to be enrolled in schools, with a slight increase from 2006 to 2011. For 2016 and 2021, the GER is 70.2160% and 70.21696%, that is, 29.784% and 29.7822% of the male school age children will not be enrolled in schools with a slight increase from 2016 to 2021. The GER for female pupils from 2006 and 2011 was 74.03832% and 74.03432% which implies that 25.9618% and 25.96568% of the female school age children are yet to be enrolled in schools, 2016 to 2021 is 74.0347% and 74.0374% meaning that 25.96168% and 25.9626% of the female school age children will not be enrolled in schools by 2016 to 2021. The Sprague multipliers coefficient (SMC) table was applied to break down the five (5) years age group in to sex structures, in which the total age population at primary school (6-11) years as of 2006 base on sex structure was 14,689 and 13,258 for male and female respectively, for 2011 was 17,239 and 21,427 for male and female respectively. This paper has shown that, while the population of Yola-North LGA is rapidly growing, the enrollment of school age children is also increasing but very slowly.

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Abstract MP27: Adipose-derived Human Soluble (Pro)renin Receptor Causes Resistance To Losartan Treatment In High-Fat Diet Male And Female Mice

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.78.suppl_1.mp27 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Kellea Nichols ◽

Audrey Poupeau ◽

Eva Gatineau ◽

Gertrude Arthur ◽

Frederique B Yiannikouris

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Partial Agonist ◽

High Fat ◽

Male And Female ◽

Female Mice ◽

Critical Gap ◽

Prorenin Receptor ◽

Obesity Hypertension

Obesity, affecting more that 37% of the US, contributes to hypertension. Despite the use of one or more anti-hypertensive treatments, 48% of the hypertensive population remains with resistant hypertension, which prompts the development for new therapeutic targets. We demonstrated that obesity increased the expression of prorenin receptor (PRR) in the adipose tissue and elevated plasma soluble PRR (sPRR). In addition, the infusion of mouse sPRR increased blood pressure in male mice fed high fat-diet (HF); indicating that adipose-derived sPRR could increase circulating sPRR and contribute to hypertension. However, there is a critical gap in the functional role of human sPRR in obesity-hypertension. In this study, we aim to define whether adipose-derived human sPRR contributes to obesity-hypertension. Human sPRR-Myc-tag transgenic mice were bred with mice expressing adiponectin/Cre to selectively express human sPRR in adipocytes (adi-HsPRR). Adi-HsPRR and control littermate (CTL) male and female mice were fed HF-diet for 20 weeks (N=8-15/group). Body weight was assessed weekly and body composition monthly. Blood pressure was measured by telemetry after 15 weeks of diet. Adipose-derived human sPRR did not significantly elevate body weight or fat mass (Male: CTL.18.3±1.0g; adi-HsPRR. 17.5±0.8g. Female: CTL. 15.6±1.5g; adi-HsPRR. 11.9±1.3g; p>0.05). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) significantly increased in HF-fed male and female mice however; adipose-derived human sPRR did not further elevate SBP (24h SBP. Male: CTL. 136.0±1.7 mmHg; adi-HsPRR: 133.4±1.5mmHg; Female: CTL. 131.9±2.8 mmHg; adi-HsPRR: 130.6±3.1 mmHg; p>0.05). Surprisingly, the anti-hypertensive effect of losartan (Los) to lower blood pressure was significantly reduced in adi-HsPRR male and female mice (Male: CTL. ΔSBP: -12.1±1.5 ΔmmHg; adi-HsPRR: -7.8±0.6 ΔmmHg; Female: CTL. ΔSBP: -13.4±1.1 ΔmmHg; adi-HsPRR: -5.7±2.3 ΔmmHg; p<0.05). In 3T3-L1 cells, sPRR significantly increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, which was not completely blunted by Los indicating that human sPRR could act as a partial agonist of AT1R or activate ERK1/2 independently of AT1R. Our data suggests that adipose-derived sPRR does not stimulate AT1R-mediated contractility, instead impairs Los efficacy.

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Psychiatric morbidity and substance use in migrant workers: A population based study

International Journal of Social Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0020764020988881 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002076402098888

Author(s):

B.S. Chavan ◽

Ajeet Sidana ◽

Priti Arun ◽

Ravi Rohilla ◽

Gurvinder Pal Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Substance Abuse ◽

Substance Use ◽

General Population ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Health Issues ◽

Migrant Population ◽

Mental Health Issues

Background: The prevalence of mental health problems and substance abuse in the migrant population is higher than the general population. Aims and Objectives: To assess the prevalence and pattern of mental health issues and substance use in the migrant population and highlight the association with the reverse migration of migrant workers. Methodology: The field staff visited the shelter homes for migrant population in four cities of Northern India (Chandigarh (UT), Bhatinda (Punjab), Panchkula (Haryana) and Jaipur (Rajasthan). After maintaining the social distance and wearing masks by the staff and migrants, written informed consent was taken for participation in the study. The socio-demographic details of reverse migrants were noted down and Hindi version of Primary Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for mental health problems and screening tool for pattern of substance abuse was administered. Geographically matched undisplaced were also administered these tools. Results: A total of 275 reverse migrants and 276 undisplaced were included in the study. The prevalence of ever use for all the substances among reverse migrants was 44.4% (122/275) and among undisplaced, it was 45.3%. The prevalence of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis was higher than the general population. The prevalence of at least one diagnosis on PHQ-9 is 13.45% (reverse migrants 19.3% and undisplaced 7.6) and the prevalence of other depressive disorder is significantly higher in reverse migrants (17.1%) than undisplaced (4.0%). Conclusion: The study concludes that prevalence of mental health issues and substance abuse in migrant population is significantly higher than the general population and the prevalence of at least one diagnosis and other depressive disorder is significantly higher in reverse migrants than undisplaced.

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Characterization of blood pressure and morphological traits in cardiovascular-related organs in 13 different inbred mouse strains

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00073.2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 97 (1) ◽

pp. 369-376 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Christian F. Deschepper ◽

Jean L. Olson ◽

Melissa Otis ◽

Nicole Gallo-Payet

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Inbred Mouse ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Mouse Strains ◽

Genome Database ◽

Male And Female ◽

Mouse Phenome Database

To better understand the contributions of various genetic backgrounds to complex quantitative phenotypes, we have measured several quantitative traits of cardiovascular interest [i.e., systolic blood pressure, weight (corrected by body weight) of several cardiac compartments and adrenals and kidneys, and histological correlates for kidneys and adrenals] in male and female mice from 13 different inbred strains. We selected strains so that each major genealogical group would be represented and to conform to priorities set by the Mouse Phenome Database project. Interstrain comparisons of phenotypes made it possible to identify strains that displayed values that belonged to either the low or the high end of the interstrain variance for quantitative traits, such as systolic blood pressure, body weight, left ventricular weight, and/or adrenocortical structure. For instance, both male and female C3H/HeJ and A/J mice displayed either low systolic blood pressure or low cardiac ventricular mass, respectively, and male C57BL6/J displayed low adrenal weight. Likewise, intersex comparisons made it possible to identify phenotypic values that were sexually dimorphic for some of the same traits. For instance, female AKR/J mice had relatively higher body weight and systolic blood pressure values than their male counterparts, perhaps constituting an animal model of the metabolic X syndrome. These strain- and sex-specific features will be of value both for future genetic and/or developmental studies and for the development of new animal models that will help in the generation of mechanistic hypotheses. All data have been deposited to the Mouse Phenome Database for future integration with the Mouse Genome Database and can be further analyzed and compared with tools available on the site.

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Abstract T6: Adipocyte Bardet-Biedl Syndrome 1 Gene Is Critical For Blood Pressure Regulation

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.78.suppl_1.t6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Yuying Zhao ◽

Deng-Fu Guo ◽

Kamal Rahmouni

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Gene Deletion ◽

Blood Pressure Regulation ◽

Conditional Knockout ◽

Pressure Regulation ◽

Bardet Biedl Syndrome ◽

Male And Female ◽

Fat Pads

Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins have emerged as critical regulators of various physiological functions including blood pressure. The presence of hypertension in BBS patients is consistent with the finding that BBS knockout mice exhibit increased renal sympathetic nerve activity and arterial pressure. However, the role and contribution of Bbs genes in various tissues such as adipose tissue to blood pressure regulation remains unclear. To address this, we generated a novel conditional knockout mouse that lacks the Bbs1 gene in adipocytes by breeding mice bearing floxed alleles of the Bbs1 gene (Bbs1 flox/flox ) with mice expressing Cre specifically in adipocytes (Adiponectin Cre mice). Cre-mediated recombination was verified by loss of Bbs1 expression in fat pads, but not in other tissues such as the kidneys, liver and skeletal muscle. Next, we assessed whether adipocyte Bbs1 gene deletion affects body weight and glucose homeostasis. Interestingly, no body weight phenotype was observed in both male and female Adipo Cre /Bbs1 flox/flox mice compared to their control littermates (males: 40.5±2.9 g vs 37.4±5.1 g; female: 27.7±4.0 g vs 27.5±3.6 g; 16 weeks old). However, insulin tolerance test uncovered impaired insulin-induced glucose clearance in both male and female Adipo Cre /Bbs1 flox/flox mice. Subsequently, we measured blood pressure and found that Adipo Cre /Bbs1 flox/flox mice have a remarkable increase in systolic blood pressure (130.4±11.2 mmHg) compared to the control littermates (119.1±4.5 mmHg, p <0.05). Finally, measurement of the expression of the renin-angiotensin system components revealed significantly elevated angiotensinogen mRNA (2.43±1.31 AU vs 1±0.72 AU, p <0.01) and angiotensin-converting enzyme mRNA (2.96±2.51 AU vs 1±0.95 AU, p <0.05) in peri-renal adipose tissue, but not in other fat pads such as brown and inguinal adipose tissues. Interestingly, gene expression of angiotensin receptor 1a was not significantly altered by Bbs1 gene deletion. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that Bbs1 gene in adipose tissue play an important role in the control of insulin sensitivity and blood pressure.

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Abstract P076: Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3) in POMC Neurons and Its Role in Regulating Blood Pressure, Body Weight and Glucose in Obesity

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.66.suppl_1.p076 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 66 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhen Wang ◽

Jussara M do Carmo ◽

Alexandre A da Silva ◽

John E Hall

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Food Intake ◽

Negative Regulator ◽

Cytokine Signaling ◽

Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling ◽

Male And Female ◽

Female Mice ◽

And Control

Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), a negative regulator of leptin signaling, may be involved in development of obesity-induced leptin resistance. Although we previously showed that activation of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons mediates the chronic effects of leptin on blood pressure (BP), the role of SOCS3 in modulating BP in obesity is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of SOCS3 specifically in POMC neurons in regulating body weight, glucose handling and BP in mice fed a normal or high fat (45%, HFD) chow. Male and female SOCS3flox/flox-POMC/cre mice in which SOCS3 was selectively deleted in POMC neurons and control SOCS3flox/flox mice were used. Food intake and body weight were measured from 8 to 16 weeks of age, and a glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed at 20 wks of age. At 22 wks of age, mice were implanted with telemetry probe to measure BP and heart rate (HR) and fed a HFD for 6 weeks. Compared to control mice, both male and female SOCS3flox/flox-POMC/cre mice were lighter at 16 wks (29.1 ± 3.5 vs 31.9 ± 3.6 g in male and 21.5 ± 2.2 vs 26.1 ± 5.7 in female, n=9-11, p<0.05) but food intake was similar in both groups. Only male SOCS3flox/flox-POMC/cre mice exhibited improved glucose handling (AUC: 1059 ± 52 vs 1283 ± 54 mg/dL x 120 min, n=7-10, p<0.05 ) and no differences were observed in female mice. When fed normal chow, BP was similar in SOCS3flox/flox-POMC/cre and control mice (116 ± 7 vs 113 ± 5 mmHg) at 23 wks. After a HFD for 6 weeks, SOCS3flox/flox-POMC/cre mice had a greater BP increase compared to control mice (7.2 ± 1.9 vs 0.9 ± 1.8 mmHg, n=4-9, P<0.05) but no significant differences were observed in food intake or body weight between two groups. These results suggest that SOCS3 deletion specifically in POMC neurons reduced body weight in male and female mice, and improved glucose handling only in male mice. HFD increased BP in SOCS3flox/flox-POMC/cre but not in control mice, suggesting that SOCS3 in POMC neurons may modulate BP response to HFD.

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