scholarly journals Plasma ignition of dust-coal flame

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
V. E. Messerle ◽  
A. B. Ustimenko ◽  
K. A. Umbetkaliev
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Torch ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Wide Range

One of the promising power engineering technologies is the plasma thermochemical preparation of pulverized coal to burning using plasma-fuel systems (PFS). This technology allows increasing the efficiency of fuel use and environmental indicators of thermal power plants, as well as eliminating the use of fuel oil, traditionally used to start-up the boilers and stabilize the combustion of a pulverized coal flame. This paper presents the results of numerical experiments on ignition of pulverized coal in PFS. PFS is designed for fuel oil-free start-up of the boilers and stabilization of pulverized coal flame, and represents a pulverized coal burner equipped with plasma torch. Via PlasmaKinTherm software which combines kinetic and thermodynamic methods of calculating the processes of motion, heating, thermochemical transformations and fuel mixture ignition in the volume of PFS, impact of the power of the plasma torch and ash content of coal onto efficiency of fuel mixture ignition have been determined. Also one of the main regime parameters of PFS providing ignition of the fuel is concentration of coal dust in the fuel mixture which can vary within a wide range. Therefore, conditions for fuel mixture ignition in PFS have been investigated, depending on the concentration of coal in the fuel mixture in the range from 0.4 to 1.8 kg of coal per 1 kg of air. Calculations were performed for cylindrical PFS of 0.2 m diameter and 2 m of length at fixed consumption of coal (1000 kg/h) and the plasma torch power (60 kW) for three values of coal ash content (20, 40 and 70%). The basic regularities of the process of plasma thermochemical preparation of fuel for burning were revealed.

scholarly journals The Centenary of Teploelektroproekt Institute: from the Past to the Future

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-273
Author(s):  
I. Sh. Zagretdinov ◽  
V. V. Kucherov ◽  
Ya. V. Zakharov ◽  
I. I. Shabanov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
The Future

The article is devoted to the one-hundredth anniversary of Teploelektroproekt Institute, and presents areas of the institute’s current activities. Despite the difficult conditions, the financial and economic crisis, the Institute continues to be one of the leading design organizations in the field of developing projects of thermal power plants operating on organic fuels (coal, natural gas, fuel oil) with the installation of steam-turbine, steam-gas, gas turbine units and substations of various voltages, in terms of its production capacity, technical equipment, scope of work performed and scale of orders received. The technical policy of the Institute is orientated at the future, the key objective being ensuring a high scientific and technical level of projects, and technical and commercial proposals developed by the Institute. The Institute uses cutting edge technologies in the development of technical documentation; introduces advanced technical solutions throughout the project and conducts its uniform policy for the projects under development; provides consistently high quality of technical documentation on the basis of continuous improvement of its quality management system; improves methods of calculation/mathematical models and their implementation in the design process; ensures comprehensive and total accounting of the Customer’s requirements at preparation of technical and commercial offers, design of new and/or reconstruction and technical re-equipment of existing power-generating facilities; maintains close relations with scientific and design organizations, manufacturers of equipment, products and materials for the purpose of introduction of available advanced scientific and technical achievements in project documentation. Standardized layouts of the main buildings are designed for pulverized coal-based generating units of ultra-supercritical steam conditions, for circulating fluidized bed boilers, flue gas denitrification and desulphurization plants, for combined cycle plants. Examples of the power plant designing are presented for industrial facilities utilizing nonconventional fuels. A short description is given about the institute’s references in the field of construction of combined cycle and cogeneration plants as well as pulverized coal-based plants.

On the prospect of introduction of plasma ignition in power boilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
V. Ye. Mikhailov ◽  
S. P. Kolpakov ◽  
L. A. Khomenok ◽  
N. S. Shestakov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Plasma Ignition ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Capital Construction

One of the most important issues for modern domestic power industry is the creation and further widespread introduction of solid propellant energy units for super-critical steam parameters with high efficiency (43–46%) and improved environmental parameters. This will significantly reduce the use of natural gas.At the same time, one of the major drawbacks of the operation of pulverized coal power units is the need to use a significant amount of fuel oil during start-up and shutdown of boilers to stabilize the burning of the coal torch in the variable boiler operating modes.In this regard, solid fuel TPPs need to be provided with fuel oil facilities, with all the associated problems to ensure the performance (heating of fuel oil in winter), reliability and safety. All of the above problems increase both the TPP capital construction costs, and the electricity generating cost.A practical solution to the above problems at present is the use of a plasma technology for coal torch ignition based on thermochemical preparation of fuel for combustion. The materials of the developments of JSC “NPO CKTI” on application of plasmatrons in boilers of thermal power plants at metallurgical complexes of the Russian Federation are also considered.Plasma ignition systems for solid fuels in boilers were developed by Russian specialists and were introduced at a number of coal-fi red power plants in the Russian Federation, Mongolia, North Korea, and Kazakhstan. Plasma ignition of solid fuels is widely used in China for almost 30% of power boilers.The introduction of plasma-energy technologies will improve the energy efficiency of domestic solid-fuel thermal power plants and can be widely implemented in the modernization of boilers.During the construction of new TPPs, the construction of fuel oil facilities can be abandoned altogether, which will reduce the capital costs of the construction of thermal power plants, reduce the construction footprint, and increase the TPP safety.

scholarly journals Preparation of Synthetic Zeolites from Coal Fly Ash by Hydrothermal Synthesis

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1267
Author(s):  
David Längauer ◽  
Vladimír Čablík ◽  
Slavomír Hredzák ◽  
Anton Zubrik ◽  
Marek Matik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Product Analysis ◽  
Coal Combustion Products ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Silica Alumina

Large amounts of coal combustion products (as solid products of thermal power plants) with different chemical and physical properties cause serious environmental problems. Even though coal fly ash is a coal combustion product, it has a wide range of applications (e.g., in construction, metallurgy, chemical production, reclamation etc.). One of its potential uses is in zeolitization to obtain a higher added value of the product. The aim of this paper is to produce a material with sufficient textural properties used, for example, for environmental purposes (an adsorbent) and/or storage material. In practice, the coal fly ash (No. 1 and No. 2) from Czech power plants was firstly characterized in detail (X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), particle size measurement, and textural analysis), and then it was hydrothermally treated to synthetize zeolites. Different concentrations of NaOH, LiCl, Al2O3, and aqueous glass; different temperature effects (90–120 °C); and different process lengths (6–48 h) were studied. Furthermore, most of the experiments were supplemented with a crystallization phase that was run for 16 h at 50 °C. After qualitative product analysis (SEM-EDX, XRD, and textural analytics), quantitative XRD evaluation with an internal standard was used for zeolitization process evaluation. Sodalite (SOD), phillipsite (PHI), chabazite (CHA), faujasite-Na (FAU-Na), and faujasite-Ca (FAU-Ca) were obtained as the zeolite phases. The content of these zeolite phases ranged from 2.09 to 43.79%. The best conditions for the zeolite phase formation were as follows: 4 M NaOH, 4 mL 10% LiCl, liquid/solid ratio of 30:1, silica/alumina ratio change from 2:1 to 1:1, temperature of 120 °C, process time of 24 h, and a crystallization phase for 16 h at 50 °C.

scholarly journals Experimental study of the thermochemical treatment of the low-grade coal prior to boiler combustion at coal-fired power station

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 00119
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Yemelianenko ◽  
Vitalii Pertsevyi ◽  
Oleksandr Zhevzhyk ◽  
Iryna Potapchuk ◽  
Oleksandr Lutai
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermochemical Treatment ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Boiler Furnace ◽  
Coal Fuel

Analysis of the perspectives of the coal fuel for thermal power plants is carried out. The necessity of the experimental study for temperature measurement in the boiler furnace. The results of the experimental study are presented: temperature change over time at the burner outlet for different constant pressure value of the backlighting gas, dependence of the temperature at the burner outlet from the backlighting gas pressure for constant concentration value of pulverized coal in coal-air mixture, dependence of the temperature at the burner outlet from the concentration of pulverized coal in coal-air mixture for constant value of the backlighting gas pressure, temperature measurements for constant backlighting gas pressure value, constant value of the concentration of pulverized coal in coal-air mixture when plasmatron is switched and operates for some time range. The results of the study could be applied to the solid fuel treatment for different thermal units.

Consumption of combustible minerals in the context of the targets of sustainable development of Ukraine and global environment changes

2021 ◽  
Vol 3-4 (185-186) ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Myroslav Podolskyy ◽  
Dmytro Bryk ◽  
Lesia Kulchytska-Zhyhailo ◽  
Oleh Gvozdevych
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The European Union

An analysis of Ukraine’s sustainable development targets, in particular in the field of energy, resource management and environmental protection, are presented. It is shown that regional energetic is a determining factor for achieving the aims of sustainable development. Changes in the natural environment in Ukraine due to external (global) and internal (local) factors that are intertwined and overlapped can cause threats to socio-economic development. It is proved that in the areas of mining and industrial activity a multiple increase in emissions of pollutants into the environment are observed. The comparison confirmed the overall compliance of the structure of consumption of primary energy resources (solid fossil fuels, natural gas, nuclear fuel, oil and petroleum products, renewable energy sources) in Ukraine and in the European Union, shows a steaby trend to reduce the share of solid fuels and natural gas and increasing the shares of energy from renewable sources. For example, in Ukraine the shares in the production and cost of electricity in 2018 was: the nuclear power plants – 54.33 % and in the cost – 26.60 %, the thermal power – 35.95 and 59.52 %, the renewable energy sources – 9.6 and 13.88 %. The energy component must be given priority, as it is crucial for achieving of all other goals of sustainable development and harmonization of socio-economic progress. The paper systematizes the indicators of regional energy efficiency and proposes a dynamic model for the transition to sustainable energy development of the region.

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of environmentally-safe technologies in power engineering

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei Trinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Solid Fuel Combustion ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Subsequent Incorporation

One of the effective tools of solving engineering problems is the mathematical simulation of newly built and reconstructed industrial equipment. A necessity of solving identical problems fully belongs to ge-nerating equipment of thermal power plants too, which makes the use of methods of mathematic simulation quite a promising one in the course of designing power-generating units. The work presents the results of simula-tion and subsequent incorporation of the method of low-temperature vortex fossil solid-fuel combustion. Based on the developed algorithms and calcu-lation program the assessment of environmental indicators of reconstructed boiler equipment has been carried out and compliance with environmental standards with respect to the level of emissions of gaseous pollutants into environment confirmed. The incorporation of the method being considered into power-generating production has made it possible to reduce emissions of gaseous nitrogen oxides during combustion of coals of different types by 30%.

MODELING THE TECHNOGENIC IMPACT OF CHPS ON THE ENVIRONMENT AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Алла Звягинцева ◽  
Alla Zvyaginceva ◽  
Светлана Сазонова ◽  
Svetlana Sazonova ◽  
В. Кульнева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Technogenic Impact ◽  
Energy Facility ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
Fuel Source

The waste generated during the operation of the thermal electric central, an energy facility, is considered. The analysis of atmospheric pollution by emissions of the Voronezh TPP-1, which uses coal as the main fuel, is carried out. A comparison is made with a thermal power plant using gas as a fuel source. The maximum allowable emission standards for pollutants generated during the use of coal are established and the excess of the MPC value by various types of emissions is shown: dioxide and nitric oxide; fuel oil and NO2 + SO2 ash; sulphurous anhydride and carbon monoxide; soot and coal ash. The size of the Sanitary Protection Zone of TPP-1 was determined. Measures aimed at reducing the negative environmental impact of such energy facilities as combined heat and power plants are proposed

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