scholarly journals Analysis of Fire Catchers in Sago Palm Smallholding Plantations on Peatland in Tebing Tinggi Timur, Kepulauan Meranti District, Riau Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-212
Author(s):  
Sinta Haryati Silviana ◽  
Ahmad Muhammad ◽  
Haris Gunawan ◽  
Imam Basuki
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Biomass Fuel ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Sago Palm ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Dead Plant ◽  
Plantation System

Fire on peatlands takes place not only in areas where preparation for cultivation is in progress, but also in areas that have been cultivated, such as for sago palm growing. One of the important factors that influence the vulnerability of cultivated peatlands to fire is the availability and amount of biomass fuel that easily catches fire, such as ferns, grasses, and broadleaved shrubs in their living as well as dead (litter) stages. The present study concerns the vulnerability of peatland utilized for sago growing by smallholders, focused in Tebing Tinggi Timur, Kepulauan Meranti District, Riau Province. The objectives of this study were to analyze the composition and assess the biomass of fire catchers in the sago palm plantation. Data collection was conducted in three locations in Kepau Baru Village. In each location, a 1000 m-long transect line was drawn and 10 sampling plots of 2 m x 2 m were established along the line with 100 m intervals. Results showed that total biomass of fire catchers in this growing system was averaged at 24681 kg/ha, in which the dead plant fraction was predominating (average at 17478 kg/ha or 70.81%) over the living plant fraction (in average 7203 kg/ha or 29.19%). The latter consisted of ferns that averaged at 2.191 kg/ha or 30.42%, grasses (20 kg/ha or 0.28%), non-woody broadleaved shrubs (581 kg/ha or 8.07%), and woody broadleaved shrubs (4411 kg/ha or 61.24%). The amount of fire catchers in relatively large quantities in this plantation system could magnify fire risk during drier months, especially during El-nino years. Keywords: biomass, fire risk, grasses, non-woody broadleaved shrubs, woody broadleaved shrubs

scholarly journals Estimasi Karbon Tersimpan pada Nekromassa Tumbuhan di Rawa Lebak Kecamatan Martapura, Kalimantan Selatan

BIOSCIENTIAE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Siam Melina ◽  
Krisdianto Krisdianto
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Dead Plant ◽  
Potential Area

South Kalimantan is one of carbon contributor with an area of swamp with ± 1,140,207 ha area of swamp land. The potential area for changed to be an agricultural land is ± 763,207 ha, and the remain used for pool when the rainy season is come. The highest C reserve is in biomass (mass of living-plant part) and necromass (mass of dead-plant part) at the top soil, microbe, and soil-organic matter. Based on description above, the problem is how much stored-carbon in necromass of plant at martapura lowland swamp, because the largest carbon storage found in necromass of plant. The purpose of this study was to estimate the stored carbon contained in necromass of vegetation in lowland swamp. This research has been done in Martapura from April to July 2009. Sampling is done at 4 location include Tungkaran village, Keramat Baru village, Sungai Rangas village and Sungai Tabuk village. Each sampling location divided into 2 stations in one sampling. Analysis of stored-carbon in necromass of plant is using Walkey and Black Method. The result showed that average ranges of carbon stored in plant necromass are 490,95 – 1744,66 gm-2.  

scholarly journals TRADISI ZIARAH KUBUR MASYARAKAT SASAK (STUDI KASUS MAKAM LOANG BALOQ)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Rosada Rosada ◽  
Wawansyah Wawansyah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Peace Of Mind ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Research Type

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetaui: (1) Bagaimana persepsi masyarakat  terhadap ziarah kubur (2) motivasi yang mendorong masyarakat  melakukan ziarah   kubur (3) tata cara pelaksanaan ziarah kubur. penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analisis lapangan dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat tanjung karang yang diambil lewat sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis data adalah analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian persepsi orang melakukan ziarah kubur adalah (1) untuk mendapatkan keselamatan, (2) adanya tradisi yang ada di masyarakat dan (3) menjadi ajang bisnis. Adapun motivasi orang berziarah kubur adalah (1) untuk mengingat kematian, (2) mendo’akan si mayit, (3) adanya keyakinan bahwa ziarah kubur dapat mendatangkan ketenangan batin dan (4) sebagai ibadah kepada Allah. Sedangkan tata cara pelaksanaan ziarah kubur ialah (1) bertindak sopan di area perkuburan, (2) mendo’akan si mayit, (3) mengucapkan salam dan (4) menghadap kiblat. This study aims to determine: (1) How is the society's perception of the grave pilgrimage (2) the motivation that encourages the community to make the grave pilgrimage (3) the procedure of pilgrimage pilgrimage. qualitative research with descriptive-field analysis approach with case study research type. Sources of data in this study is the community of coral captured by samples. Data collection techniques are conducted through interviews, observation and documentation studies. While the data analysis is thematic analysis. The results of perceptions of people performing the pilgrimage of the grave are (1) to obtain salvation, (2) existing traditions in society and (3) become business arena. The motivation of the pilgrims is (1) to remember death, (2) mendo'akan the dead, (3) the belief that the pilgrimage of the grave can bring peace of mind and (4) as worship to God. While the procedure of pilgrimage pilgrimage is (1) acting decently in the area of burial, (2) mendo'akan the dead, (3) say greeting and (4) facing Qiblah.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Community structure and diversity of Odonata in Suranadi Natural Park, West Lombok Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD LIWA ILHAMDI ◽  
AGIL AL IDRUS ◽  
DIDIK SANTOSO ◽  
Gito Hadiprayitno
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
Natural Park

Abstract. Ilhamdi ML, Al Idrus A, Santoso D, Hadiprayitno G. 2020. Short Communication: Community structure and diversity of Odonata in Suranadi Natural Park, West Lombok Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 718-723. Odonata is an order of insects. The life cycle of this order is dependent on freshwater habitat. Sensitivity to environmental changes causes odonates to be important bioindicators of ecosystem change. The importance of the ecological role of odonates is not followed by adequate scientific information on Odonata communities, especially in the Suranadi Natural Park (SNP). The study aimed to monitor the existence and community structure of Odonata in the SNP area every six months in period. The data collection technique was using a survey method by following the transect line, namely the waterway transect line (WTL), plantation border transect (PT) and settlement border transect (ST). Data collection was done 4 times from April to May 2019, once every 2 weeks. The sampling was done twice in the morning from 08.00 to 11.00 AM and in the afternoon from 03.00 to 05.00 PM. Data were analyzed using the relative frequency equation and Diversity Index. The results showed that there were 16 species of odonates consisting of the family Libellulidae (11 species), Platycnemididae (1 species), Chlorocyphidae (1 species), and Coegrinidae (3 species). Orthetrum sabina, Neurothemis ramburii, Diplacodes trivialis, Gynacantha subinterrupta, Copera marginipes, and Pantala flavescens, are species that are present in all of each observation sites. The waterway transect has the highest diversity index (2.027), followed by settlement transect (1.367), and the lowest is plantation transect (1.131).

scholarly journals An Approach for the Analysis of the Accessibility of Fire Hydrants in Urban Territories

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
Raminta Raškauskaitė ◽  
Vytautas Grigonis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Urban Territories ◽  
Efficient Planning ◽  
In Fire

Globally, fire causes considerable losses that can be alleviated by taking appropriate actions facilitated by systems supported by geo-information technologies. This research focuses upon the development of an approach for planning urban infrastructures, and particularly in the accessibility of fire hydrants. Accessibility of fire hydrants’ infrastructure in urban territories is one of the key elements in fire risk management and public safety. The main result of the research is a comprehensive and structured Geographic Information Systems (GISs)-based dataset for the fast and more efficient planning of fire hydrants in urban territories. The proposed framework for data collection and processing was used to determine the distribution of hydrants, location of fire brigade stations and areas and to demonstrate the capabilities of the existing municipal fire extinguishing systems in Vilnius City, Lithuania. Later on, research on fire hydrants’ accessibility, analysis of the location of protected and unprotected urban territories and marking of unprotected buildings, was carried out. The resulting map of unprotected urban territories can be of great benefit for understanding fire risks and offering more effective ways for fire risk management.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN SEBARAN JENIS BURUNG UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA BIRD WATCHING DI TAMAN NASIONAL BANTIMURUNG BULUSARAUNG

PERENNIAL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Asrianny Asrianny ◽  
Hendra Saputra ◽  
Amran Achmad
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
National Park ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Population Abundance ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
Bird Watching ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
Line Transect Method ◽  
Field Works

This study aims to identify the diversity and distribution of birds species for bird watching ecotourism development in the Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park. Field works was conducted in three months, from October to in December 2012. Data collection, was done with line transect method at Leang-Leang, Pattunuang, and Karaenta. Geographical position of transect line (traces) was recorded by using GPS then processed with GIS in order to produced bird watching maps tourist track. Result soft his study showed that, there are 47 species of birds found in the three lines of observation track, and 23 of them (48.9%) was endemic to the island of Sulawesi. Diversity indices of birds on the observation track at Leang-Leang is 3.02, in Pattunuang 2.78, and in the Karaenta 2.25. Among the three lines of observation, the highest population abundance is at Leang-Leang tracking line. It’s equal to 29 individuals /ha while the lowest population abundance are on the Karaenta track with 9 individuals /ha. Key words: Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, Bird Watching, Ecotourism

Gyrothrix sagarensis SP. NOV.: A NOVEL HYPHOMYCETOUS FUNGUS ON MEDICINAL PLANT Gardenia latifolia AITON FROM CENTRAL INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-506
Author(s):  
Shikha Jain ◽  
◽  
A. N. Rai ◽  
Smriti Bhardwaj ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Inflammatory Pain ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Central India ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Dead Plant

Gardenia latifolia is commonly known as Indian boxwood or Ceylon boxwood. Various parts of this plant are utilized to treat several cases of inflammatory pain, skin diseases, caries in humans, snake bite, stomachache, haemorrhage along with the ephemeral fever in live stocks. During the routine survey of Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya Campus, Sagar for mycotaxonomic evaluation of terrestrial plants an interesting fungal specimen was encountered on G. latifolia Aiton which upon detailed morphological observations and mycotaxonomic treatment, proved to be a novel fungal species Gyrothrix sagarensis. It is also noteworthy that most of the species of this genus Gyrothrix (Corda) Corda, are reported on dead plant parts while the present novel species was collected and examined on living plant parts (i.e. on twig) of G. latifolia.

scholarly journals THE PERMEABILITY OF CELLS FOR OXYGEN AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR THE THEORY OF STIMULATION

1922 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Newton Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Phase Boundary ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
High Oxygen ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Indicator Method ◽  
Dead Plant

It can be demonstrated by an indicator method that living cells are as freely permeable to oxygen as dead cells, and that sudden admission of oxygen to the cell cannot account for increased oxidation as a result of stimulation. Oxygen penetrates as readily as carbon dioxide among the acids and ammonia among the alkalies. Exposure of living plant cells to high oxygen pressures does not initiate certain oxidations (except after some hours), which proceed readily in dead plant cells in the air. In the light of the preceding statement, about the permeability of cells for oxygen, this is interpreted to mean that more oxygen enters the cell at high pressure, but that the reacting substances (chromogen and oxidase) are kept apart by some phase boundary as long as the cell is alive. Increased oxygen concentration eventually produces injury to the cell.

Can Shrub Flammability be Affected by Goat Grazing? Flammability Parameters of Mediterranean Shrub Species under Grazing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Mancilla-Leytón ◽  
Carmen Hernando ◽  
Jesús Cambrollé ◽  
Sara Muñoz-Vallés ◽  
Rafael Pino-Mejías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Risk ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Goat Grazing ◽  
Flammability Characteristics ◽  
Cistus Salviifolius ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Flammability Parameters ◽  
Mediterranean Shrub

In this study, we evaluated changes in the potential flammability of different Mediterranean shrub species in a pine (Pinus pinea) forest in the Doñana Natural Park (of SW Spain) as a result of goat grazing. Plant height, total biomass, fine fuel biomass and leaves/wood ratio were measured in individual plants of each species in both grazed and ungrazed areas. Moisture content, mean time of ignition, mean time of combustion, gross heat of combustion (GHC) and flammability class of the studied shrub species were determined in the laboratory. The results of this experiment showed that grazing influenced the flammability characteristics of the studied shrub species. However, the strength of this effect was insufficient to modify the flammability index of these plants, except in the case of Myrtus communis, in which grazed plants presented a lower flammability index. According to Valette’s classification, Cistus salviifolius, Halimium halimifolium and Pistacea lentiscus are flammable species, Rosmarinus officinalis is a flammable-highly flammable species, and M. communis is non-flammable. The GHC values obtained were generally “intermediate”, except for those of R. officinalis, which were classified as “high”. The flammability parameters of the study species did not show a very marked trend in relation to grazing, but the vertical structure of plants did change by presenting reduced biomass of leaves and fine twigs. This change altered the physical characteristics of these plants and possibly acted to reduce the inherent fire risk of the shrublands.

scholarly journals The inventory of macroalgae in the Mantehage Island waters, Wori sub-district, North Minahasa district in North Sulawesi Province

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Preisy Meicy Meriam Watung ◽  
Rene Charles Kepel ◽  
Lawrence J. L Lumingas
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Line Transect Method

This study was carried out in Mantehage Island waters, covering Bango, Tinongko, Buhias, and Tangkasi, with an objective of knowing the taxa composition of macroalgae through morphological studies. Data collection  used  Line Transect method with quadrat. Three 100 m-transect line were placed perpendicular to the coastline. Distance between transects was 50 m, and the quadrat used was 1 x 1 m². Results found 44 species of microalgae, consisting of 3 divisions, 3 classes, 10 orders, 18 families, and 26 genera. Green algae comprised 3 orders, 6 families, 11 genera, and 23 species. Brown algae consisted of 3 orders, 3 families, 5 genera, and 5 species. Red algae had 4 orders, 8 families, 10 genera and 16 species. Keyword : Macroalga, species, Mantehage Island. Abstrak Penelitian ini dilakukan di pulau Mantehage, yakni Desa Bango, Tinongko, Buhias, dan Desa Tangkasi,  dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi taksa makroalga melalui pendekatan morfologi. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Line Transect kuadrat. Tiga garis transek sepanjang 100 m diletakkan tegak lurus garis pantai dengan jarak antar transek 50 m dan jarak antar kuadrat 10 m. Ukuran kuadrat yang dipakai adalah 1 x 1 m². Hasil penelitian menemukan 44 spesies, yang terdiri dari 3 divisi, 3 kelas, 10 ordo, 18 famili dan 26 genera. Alga hijau terdiri atas 3 ordo, 6 famili, 11 genera dan 23 spesies. Alga cokelat terdiri atas 3 ordo, 3 famili, 5 genera dan 5 spesies. Adapun alga merah terdiri atas 4 ordo, 8 famili, 10 genera dan 16 spesies. Kata Kunci : makroalga, species, Pulau Mantehage   2Staf pengajar Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Influence of streambank fencing on vegetation and soil of the Mixed prairie component in a complex corridor pasture

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 678-687
Author(s):  
J.J. Miller ◽  
T. Curtis ◽  
W.D. Willms ◽  
D.S. Chanasyk
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Continuous Grazing ◽  
Surface Soil Temperature ◽  
Mixed Prairie ◽  
Rangeland Health

A 5 yr (2011–2015) field study was conducted to test the hypothesis that streambank fencing had a significant effect on selected vegetation and soil properties of the Mixed prairie component of a complex corridor pasture. The grazing treatments [ungrazed (UG) – periodic grazing (PG)] inside the corridor pasture were 11 yr (2001–2012) of cattle exclusion (UG), followed by 3 yr (2013–2015) of periodic grazing (PG) when the riparian soil was dry. A control treatment outside the fencing was continuous grazing (CG). Selected vegetation and soil properties were measured over the growing season at 10 paired locations in each treatment (nonreplicated) pasture over 5 yr (2011–2015), and rangeland health was measured in 2011. The UG–PG treatment significantly (P ≤ 0.10) increased the total biomass by 2- to 5-fold in all 5 yr compared with CG treatment and improved the rangeland health score of the UG phase of the UG–PG (63%) treatment compared with the CG treatment (50%) in 2011. It also significantly reduced surface soil temperature by 2.2–5.2 °C, significantly increased volumetric water content of the surface soil by 7%–10% in 3 of 5 yr, and significantly increased surface soil CO2 efflux (instantaneous) by 17%–60% in all 5 yr. Overall, the UG–PG treatment improved rangeland health, increased total biomass, soil water, and soil CO2 efflux of the Mixed prairie, but decreased soil temperature compared with the CG treatment. Excessive dead biomass, greater fire risk, and an increase in noxious weeds caused by cattle exclusion suggested that periodic grazing may be the preferred option.

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