scholarly journals Complex innovations in agriculture, environment, and health – the perceptions of rice farmers in the Jequetepeque Valley, Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-136
Author(s):  
Renata Távora ◽  
José Augusto Drummond ◽  
Alain Santandreu ◽  
Anita Luján ◽  
Ernesto Ráez-Luna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Management Efficiency ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Jequetepeque Valley ◽  
Agricultural Innovations

The increased use of water in irrigated rice monocultures in the Jequetepeque Valley, on the northern coast of Peru, has exacerbated environmental, socioeconomic and health problems. The Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) irrigation technique aims to increase water management efficiency in rice cultivation. The objective of the present article is to understand farmers’ perceptions about the benefits and risks of implementing AWD. Data from interviews with 319 farmers showed that they recognise nine interactions between AWD's economic, environmental and health aspects but prioritise economic factors when assessing its benefits. We also identified the main channels and spaces of communication and debate on issues related to agriculture and health that are likely to be effective in promoting the diffusion of AWD. The study demonstrated the relevance of integrated actions to encourage the adoption of agricultural innovations which consider the interactions between environmental sustainability, health issues, and producers' economic priorities.

The potential for expansion of irrigated rice under alternate wetting and drying in Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 106758
Author(s):  
Komlavi Akpoti ◽  
Elliott R. Dossou-Yovo ◽  
Sander J. Zwart ◽  
Paul Kiepe
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Alternate Wetting And Drying

Improved soil fertility and weed management is profitable for irrigated rice farmers in Sahelian West Africa

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M Haefele ◽  
D.E Johnson ◽  
S Diallo ◽  
M.C.S Wopereis ◽  
I Janin
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Rice Farmers

scholarly journals Bio Efficacy Assay of Laccase isolated and Characterized from Trichoderma viride in Biodegradation of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and Textile Industrial Effluent Dyes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Alwin Johnnie ◽  
Reya Issac ◽  
M. Lakshmi Prabha
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Textile Manufacture ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Laccase Enzyme

This study is based on the biosynthesis of laccase enzyme from fungi Trichoderma viride and its exploitation in biodegradation of polyethylene using Laccase mediator system (LMS -Laccase + 1-HBT) in Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and in biodegradation of textile industrial effluent dyes. In different parts of our lifespan we have seen the numerous types of plastics are getting degraded by various methods, still the average time to completely degrade a plastic bottle is at least 450 years.Similarly industry produces over 3.6 thousand individual textile dyes today and utilizes more than 8000 toxic chemicals in numerous methods for textile manufacture comprising dyeing and printing. As polyethylene and textile industrial effluent dyes are causing severe hazardous effect on environment and health issues in all kind of living organisms, it is necessary to degrade plastics and textile industrial effluent dyes in rapid way. Recently researchers have come up with an idea of degrading plastic and textile industrial effluent dyes with the help of microorganisms and enzymes much faster than normal rate. The Laccase enzyme extracted was tested for its optimum temperature and pH. Lowry’s method is used for protein estimation. A control and sample LDPE was subjected to LMS. The tensile strength and elongation of the sample was less than that of the control after 5 days of treatment. This study showed that laccase together with 1-HBT helps to biodegrade polyethylene. The purified laccase enzyme was used for the pretreatment assay and post treatment assay. The Laccase degrades certain reactive dyes like Congo red, Acid Red, Methylene Blue, Brilliant Blue, Metallic Blue and Black. Thus recommends the application of laccase in textile dye colour removal (bioremediation).

scholarly journals Educação ambiental e em saúde com escolares: outros rumos para a enfermagem [Environmental and health education for schoolchildren: other directions for nursing] [Educación ambiental y en salud con estudiantes: otros rumbos para la enfermería]

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. e26182
Author(s):  
Crystiane Ribas Batista Ribeiro ◽  
Vera Maria Saboia ◽  
Donizete Vago Daher ◽  
Fabiana Ferreira Koopmans
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Knowledge Construction ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Health Educators ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Systematic Knowledge

Objetivo: sintetizar a produção científica sobre educação ambiental com escolares estabelecendo uma interface com a saúde humana. Método: estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura, realizado em 2016, que contemplou as bases de dados: LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, BDENF e PubMed, Resultados: foram examinados 11 artigos científicos publicados no período de 2012-2016. Evidenciou-se a educação ambiental atrelada à possibilidade de transformação e mudança de comportamento, ressaltando-se a perspectiva social/cívica. Identificou-se ainda que os escolares possuem conhecimento sistematizado sobre meio ambiente no tocante a sua preservação, porém sem associação com a saúde. Além disso, não foi observada preocupação dos estudantes em relacionar questões de saúde ao contexto em que estão inseridos. Conclusão: tendo em vista a responsabilidade do enfermeiro como agente educador em saúde em nível planetário, salienta-se a necessidade de projetos socioambientais que articulem a relação homem/ambiente/saúde de modo que a construção do saber seja colaborativa, extensiva à escola, família e comunidade local. ABSTRACTObjective: to summarize the scientific production on environmental education for schoolchildren establishing an interface with human health. Method: this integrative literature review was conducted in 2016 in the LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, BDENF and PubMed databases. Results: review of 11 articles published between 2012 and 2016 revealed environmental education linked to the possibility of transformation and behavioral change, and highlighting the social/civic perspective. Schoolchildren were also found to have systematic knowledge about the environment as to preservation, but unassociated with health. In addition, the schoolchildren were unconcerned to relate health issues to the context in which they occur. Conclusion: in view of nurses’ responsibility as health educators planet-wide, there is a clear need for socio-environmental projects that interrelate humankind, environment and health in such a manner that the knowledge construction is collaborative, and involves school, family and local community.RESUMENObjetivo: sintetizar la producción científica sobre educación ambiental con estudiantes estableciendo una interfaz con la salud humana. Método: estudio de revisión integrativa de literatura, realizado en 2016, que contempló las bases de datos LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, BDENF y PubMed. Resultados: se examinaron 11 artículos científicos publicados en el período 2012-2016. Se evidenció la educación ambiental vinculada a la posibilidad de transformación y cambio de comportamiento, resaltando la perspectiva social/cívica. Se identificó además que los estudiantes poseen conocimiento sistematizado sobre medio ambiente en cuanto a su preservación, pero sin asociación con la salud. Además, no se observó una preocupación por parte de los estudiantes en relacionar cuestiones de salud con el contexto en que están insertados. Conclusión: teniendo en cuenta la responsabilidad del enfermero como agente educador en salud a nivel planetario, se resalta la necesidad de proyectos socioambientales que articulen la relación hombre/ambiente/salud de modo que la construcción del saber sea colaborativa, extensiva a la escuela, la familia y la comunidad local. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2017.26182

Quantifying the contribution of livestock health issues to the environmental impact of their production systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-114
Author(s):  
Stephen G. Mackenzie ◽  
◽  
Ilias Kyriazakis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Livestock Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Livestock Systems

The focus of this chapter is on the environmental impact consequences of endemic livestock health challenges that lead to deterioration in animal health, and on the potential impacts arising from their mitigations. The first part of the chapter concentrates on the potential of animal health to affect the environmental impact of livestock systems. Subsequently, it reviews the literature to date which has quantified the impact of health challenges for the environmental impacts of livestock systems. The potential of successful health interventions to mitigate negative environmental impacts represents a point of synergy between concerns around environmental sustainability and animal welfare, both of which represent 'hot topics' in the discourse surrounding the livestock industry and its sustainability. The challenges associated with modelling health interventions and their potential to mitigate environmental impacts constitute the last section in the chapter.

scholarly journals THE SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION (SRI) AS A SYSTEM OF AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Upboff
Keyword(s):  
Rice Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Agricultural Innovation ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Rice Intensification ◽  
Agricultural Innovations

The System of Rice Intensification (SRI). developed in Madagascar some 25 years ago. is gaining increasing credence and momentum as probably 500.000 farmers in more than 20 countries are now using its methods to raise their rice. production -- while also reducing their use of external inputs and production costs. Rather than focus on the innovation itself, this paper will introduce SRI only briefly, focusing instead on the transnational system for innovation that has emerged in response to this agronomic opportunity that can be particularly beneficial for resource-limited households. Within SRI's conceptual and practical framework. farmers have devised many innovations. These are the focus of a parallel paper written for this workshop. That paper considers how farmers have made the original SRI methodology less labor-intensive (even labor-saving). and how they have extended methods devised for irrigated rice production both to unirrigated (rainfed) areas for growing rice and to other crops beyond rice. This paper is concerned with what can be considered as a de facto 'system of innovation' that surrounds and has accelerated the spread of SRI worldwide. SRI has differed from most other agricultural innovations in the extent to which farmers have voluntarily invested their own time and resources in taking SRI to peers as an impressive example of farmer-to-farmer extension. Also. innovative alliances have formed among diverse persons and organizations to disseminate and adjust the methodology. thereby supporting the spread of this innovation even despite resistance from some established institutions.

scholarly journals Knowledge management best practices among rice farmers in selected areas of Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-344
Author(s):  
Wulystan Pius Mtega ◽  
Mpho Ngoepe
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Knowledge ◽  
Agricultural Innovations ◽  
Access To Knowledge

For improved rice production, farmers need access to timely and relevant knowledge at each stage of the rice-cropping calendar. To understand how farmers involve themselves in acquiring and sharing agricultural knowledge, this study investigates how knowledge management best practices can be enhanced among rice farmers in selected rural areas of Tanzania. Data were collected from 226 rice farmers in three districts (Kilombero, Kilosa and Mvomero) of the Morogoro region in Tanzania. Findings from structured questionnaires and focused group discussion indicate that rice farmers accessed, shared and used agricultural knowledge. It was found that individual, institutional and knowledge factors influence the performance of agricultural knowledge management activities. For enhancing effective agricultural knowledge management, it is important to take into consideration the knowledge management best practices, which include developing effective knowledge infrastructure, involving different stakeholders and using appropriate information and communications technology tools in enhancing access to knowledge. It is concluded that effective knowledge management activities increase the level of adoption of agricultural innovations. It is recommended that the proposed agricultural knowledge management best practices be adapted for improving rice production.

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