scholarly journals Criticism of capitalism and socialism in the philosophy of Nikolai Berdyaev

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-267
Author(s):  
Anna F. Makarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Thought ◽  
Main Line ◽  
Economic Organization ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Christian Socialism ◽  
Philosophical Understanding

Philosophical understanding of the economy and economics is not the main, but significant topic of the reflections of Russian religious philosophers. It is important to trace the specifics of the formation of the Russian view on the economy and economics, on the basic principles of the economic systems’ structure (among which we can single out capitalism and socialism), since the interpretation of Russian thinkers, including N. А. Berdyaev, cannot be included in the mainstream of Western economic thought. The article examines the criticism of capitalism and socialism in the post-revolutionary works of Nikolai Berdyaev, highlights the key contradictions of the two basic principles of economic organization with the post-revolutionary views of the thinker, which were significantly strengthened after the revolutionary events of 1917; these views can be conditionally called socialist-personalistic. Inheriting the tradition of Russian thought, Berdyaev unequivocally rejects the capitalist principles (in many respects this attitude was formed by the period of his legal Marxism), while he assesses socialist concepts ambiguously, with a certain amount of sympathy for the very socialist formulation of the problem of justice and the fight against “slavery”, exploitation of a man by a man. The article indicates the main line of criticism of Christian socialism by Berdyaev, and also describes his preferred variant of socialism, that he called “social personalism”.

scholarly journals Beyond Consensus: Democratic Element in ASEAN Plus Three Economic Cooperation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Eko NM Saputro
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Regional Governance ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Financial Cooperation ◽  
Democratic Principles

ABSTRAKForum kerja sama keuangan ASEAN Plus Three (APT) telah menunjukkan kemajuan signifikan sebagai sebuah kerja sama regional. Hal ini terbukti dari beberapa perjanjian kerja sama yang disepakati dan diimplementasikan. Menariknya, kemajuan ini dicapai di tengah eksistensi berbagai sistem politik maupun ekonomi di kawasan tersebut; sebuah kondisi yang sering dijadikan alasan atas sulitnya proses demokratisisasi. Alhasil, selain menciptakan manfaat bagi ekonomi, kerja sama keuangan APT telah memfasilitasi pengenalan elemen-elemen demokrasi melalui inisiatif-inisiatif yang ada. Terkait hal ini, penelitian ini mencoba mengeksplorasi unsur-unsur demokrasi dalam inisiatif keuangan APT, khususnya pada inisiatif dukungan likuiditas regional, dan fasilitas penjaminan kredit. Penelitian mengungkap bahwa proses pengambilan keputusan kedua inisiatif tersebut telah mengadopsi prinsip-prinsip dasar demokrasi prosedural. Temuan awal juga menunjukkan bahwa adopsi prinsip-prinsip demokrasi prosedural dipicu oleh bisnis proses kedua inisiatif tersebut daripada perubahan ideologi politik di dalam negeri negara-negara anggota forum APT.Kata-kata kunci: ASEAN Plus Three, kerja sama keuangan, prinsip demokrasi, tata kelola regional. ABSTRACTThe ASEAN Plus Three (APT) financial cooperation forum has shown significant progress as regional cooperation. It could be seen from several cooperation agreements that were agreed upon and implemented. Interestingly, the progress made amid the existence of various political and economic systems in the region; a condition that often used as an excuse for the difficulty of the process of democratization. As a result, besides creating economic benefits, APT's financial cooperation has facilitated the introduction of elements of democracy through existing initiatives. Furthermore, this research tries to explore the elements of democracy in APT financial initiatives, especially in regional liquidity support initiatives and credit guarantee facilities. Research reveals that the decision-making process of the two initiatives has adopted the basic principles of procedural democracy. Preliminary findings also indicate that the adoption of the principles of procedural democracy was triggered by the business process of the two initiatives rather than changes in the political ideology within the APT forum member countries.Keywords: ASEAN Plus Three, financial cooperation, democratic principles, regional governance.

Economics as Theory and Ideology

1954 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-305
Author(s):  
H. van B. Cleveland
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Western World ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Economic Liberalism ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
Classical Economic

There is not a great deal to be said about economics which is truly universal. One can say that economics is the study of economic systems. Economic systems can be defined as systems of human actions concerned with the production and the distribution of goods and services which are scarce relative to the wants of the community. But statements of this kind, which attempt to define the economic aspect of human society in universally valid terms, are far too general to serve as premises from which an economic theory, useful for understanding actual economic problems, can be logically deduced. To have theory, one must start with premises and assumptions about some particular economic system, historically given, or some particular kind of economic system. The great bodies of economic thought of the Western world—mercantilism, classical and neo-classical economic liberalism, and the various schools of Marxist economic—have been theories relevant to particular economic systems: those, let us say, of the Western world in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries.

Policy Implications of W. S. Jevons's Economic Theory

1997 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhead S. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
The State ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Economic Organization ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Public Issues ◽  
The Subject

Historians of economic thought typically have seen little or no connection between William Stanley Jevons's economic theory and policy issues. Wesley C. Mitchell, for example, suggested that Jevons had little interest in politics and was uncertain on the questions of the day. He was “basically interested in the subject [of economics] as a science and not as a means of bettering economic organization” (Mitchell 1969, pp. 31, 101-2). Mitchell's comments are curious in view of Jevons's extensive writings on public issues. His book, The State in Relation to Labour (1882), is considered a classic on the subject of policy and a rationalization for interventionist government. Jevons's pronouncement that “we can lay down no hard and fast rules, but must treat every case upon its merits” may well have marked the end of the “liberal era of principles,” according to F. A. Hayek (Hutchison 1978, pp. 100-101). Certainly Jevons intended as much.

scholarly journals Dari Konsep Ekonomi Islam Sampai Urgensi Pelarangan Riba; Sebuah Tawaran Ekonomi Islam Timur Kuran

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-232
Author(s):  
Havis Aravik ◽  
Achmad Irwan Hamzani ◽  
Nur Khasanah
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Alternative School ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Efficient Resource ◽  
Islamic Economic

Islamic economic thought became increasingly prevalent with the birth of various schools of thought in Islamic economics. One of them is the critical alternative school that was pioneered by Timur Kuran. This research will discuss from Islamic economics to the urgency of prohibiting usury; an offer of the East Kuran Islamic economy. With the aim of knowing and analyzing the extent to which Eastern Kuran's economic thought made significant contributions to the development of contemporary Islamic economics. This research is a qualitative research with a library research approach and all data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis methods. The results of this study indicate that Timur Kuran is one of the pioneers of the Critical alternative school which critically studies various concepts of Islamic economics and banking. Various forms of economic thought such as from the concept of Islamic economics are none other than modern doctrines that offer alternatives to the economic systems of Capitalism and Socialism. The emergence of an Islamic economy was none other than political-cultural, with the largest contribution coming from Pakistanis, zakat is a more effective safety net than a secular redistribution system and the waqf system does not yet have the flexibility needed for efficient resource use, and the Qur'an prohibits the practice of usury which involves compounding the debt of a loan that is unable to make payments according to a predetermined schedule.

scholarly journals A Study of History of Economic Thought and it’s Relevance

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Anand Shanker Singh
Keyword(s):  
Social Systems ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
History Of Economic Thought ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
History Of

There are many possible approaches to organizing economic activities of individuals living in social systems. Whatever method is chosen, it is necessary to coordinate or integrate the behavior of individual members of the society. The history of economic thought is a study of the more important attempts to analyze, describe and explain the relationships in actual or idealized economic systems. Knowledge of alternative explanations of economic processes provides a basis for evaluating the performance of industrial economies. It also provides a basis for critically evaluating economic theories and models that purport to describe modern industrial economies

scholarly journals NBIC-convergence in production systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 11003
Author(s):  
Antonina Pahomova ◽  
Sandor Halasz ◽  
Vladimir Fedorchuk ◽  
Galina Zelenkova ◽  
Alexander Pakhomov
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
New Approach ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Conceptual Core ◽  
New System ◽  
System Paradigm

The paper reveals the current problems of production systems, their lack of readiness to function in the conditions of application and development of NBIC technologies. The methodological basis of the research consists of fundamental works and modern scientific and practical developments of national and foreign scientists on the problems of creation and functioning of production, technological and socio-economic systems in the conditions of development using NBIC technologies. The research was carried out using such general scientific and special methods as: historical-dialectical and abstract-logical; comparative-analytical and system analysis; synthesis of scientific approaches. The authors prove the need to create a new system paradigm. The new paradigm of production systems that realize the potential of NBIC technologies is based on a concept that finds its concrete expression, firstly, in the initial or original concepts, and secondly, in the system of basic principles, laws, or sufficiently plausible hypotheses. It is these elements that make up the conceptual core of the paradigm, and efforts should be directed to their search and justification when forming a new paradigm. The paper analyzes the main methods and tools for implementing a new approach to the design of production systems.

scholarly journals The Political Economy of S. N. Bulgakov (to the 150th anniversary of his birth)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-190
Author(s):  
Dmitrii K. Stozhko ◽  
Konstantin P. Stozhko
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
Scientific Contribution ◽  
Russian Scientist ◽  
150Th Anniversary ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Christian Socialism

Introduction. 2021 marks the 150th anniversary of the birth of S. N. Bulgakov, an outstanding Russian scientist, economist and philosopher. The aim of the study is to assess the scientific contribution of S. N. Bulgakov to the development of Russian socio-economic thought. Materials and Methods. The work was written on the basis of the economic writings of S. N. Bulgakov, documents and materials of that era, as well as contemporary Russian and foreign publications. The article uses a dialectical approach, methods of induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, structural-functional and program-targeted research methods. Results. The article reveals the scientific contribution of S. N. Bulgakov to the formulation and solution of urgent problems of the humanities and economics. The place and role of S. N. Bulgakov in the history of Russian and world science are revealed. The problems of the fundamental work of S. N. Bulgakov “Capitalism and Agriculture” (1900) and his other economic studies are considered in detail. An assessment is given to the ideas of the formation of a humanistic political economy, the doctrine of “Christian socialism”, the relationship between the principles of spiritual, moral and rationalistic approaches in the study of the national economy. The specific views of the scientist on the agrarian economy are shown: agrarian overpopulation, the nature of agricultural labor, the operation of the law of diminishing land fertility, the peculiarities of domestic agriculture, the nature of land rent. The idea of the legitimacy of the ideas and conclusions of S. N. Bulgakov about the nature and prospects of the development of capitalism in Russia, the spread of small and medium-sized forms of organization of agrarian production, understanding of the agrarian economy in the “broad” and “narrow” sense is substantiated. Discussion and Conclusion. A comparative analysis of the views of S. N. Bulgakov, N. I. Bukharin, K. Marx, V. I. Lenin, A. Smith, A. V. Chayanov on the general theoretical aspects of the development of agricultural production is carried out. Shown are modern studies devoted to the ideas of S. N. Bulgakov in the field of socio-economic analysis.

scholarly journals “Journal of the History of Economic Thought Preprints - Economists and Their Travels, or the Time When JFK Sent Douglass North on a Mission to Brazil”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Boianovsky
Keyword(s):  
Economic Thought ◽  
History Of Economic Thought ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
History Of Economics ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Douglass North

The role of traveling as a source of discovery and development of new ideas has been controversial in the history of economics. Despite their protective attitude toward established theory, economists have traveled widely and gained new insights or asked new questions as a result of their exposition to “other” economic systems, ideas and forms of behavior. That is particularly the case when they travel to new places while their frameworks are in their initial stages or undergoing changes. This essay examines economists’ traveling as a potential source of new hypotheses, from the 18th to the 20th centuries, with a detailed case study of Douglass North’s 1961 travel to Brazil.

scholarly journals Values spaces migration. appraisal scenarios for an intercultural society [Valori spazi migrazioni. prospettive estimative per una società interculturale]

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Grazia Napoli
Keyword(s):  
Living Conditions ◽  
Economic Organization ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Social Instability ◽  
Sono Stati ◽  
The Social ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
Economic Inequalities

Incessant migratory flows move towards nations or cities where they can find better living conditions, driven by economic inequalities, political and social instability, war conflicts and environmental emergencies, and generate real or perceived perturbations in the social and economic organization of territories. The changes in value, social, spatial and economic systems resulting from migration flows were debated during the SIEV conference “Values Spaces Migrations. Identity and Otherness in the Multicultural City”, which took place in October 2020 Incessanti flussi migratori si muovono verso nazioni o città in cui trovare condizioni di vita migliori sospinti da sperequazioni economiche, instabilità politiche e sociali, conflitti bellici ed emergenze ambientali, e generano perturbazioni, reali o percepite, sull’organizzazione sociale, ed economica dei territori. I mutamenti dei sistemi valoriali, sociali, spaziali ed economici conseguenti ai flussi migratori sono stati dibattuti durante il convegno SIEV “Valori Spazi Migrazioni. Identità e alterità nella citta multiculturale”, che si è svolto nel mese di ottobre del 2020.

THEORETICAL CONCEPT OF THE PRODUCTION OF WATER CAPITAL IN MODERN FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEMS

2018 ◽  
pp. 82-86
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Value Based Management ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

Because of the study, it was proved necessary to review the theoretical approaches to the financial provision of recreation of water capital in the context of worsening water deficit problems caused by climate change and anthropogenic pressure on natural ecosystems. The theoretical concept is proposed and the basic principles of financial provision of expanded reproduction of water capital are determined, which is based on the basic provisions of the theory of institutionalism and the concept of value-based management considering the key dominant components of sustainable development.

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