scholarly journals Reproductive toxicity of manganese dioxide in forms of micro- and nanoparticles in male rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narges Yousefalizadegan ◽  
Zahra Mousavi ◽  
Tayebeh Rastegar ◽  
Yasaman Razavi ◽  
Parvaneh Najafizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Left Testicle ◽  
Mno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Chronic Injection ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Background: Manganese Dioxide (MnO2) has long been used in industry, and its application has recently been increasing in the form of nanoparticle. Objective: The present study was an attempt to assess the effects of MnO2 nanoparticles on spermatogenesis in male rats. Materials and Methods: Micro- and nanoparticles of MnO2 were injected (100 mg/kg) subcutaneously to male Wistar rats (150 ± 20 gr) once a week for a period of 4 weeks, and the vehicle group received only normal saline (each group included 8 rats). The effect of these particles on the bodyweight, number of sperms, spermatogonia, spermatocytes, diameter of seminiferous tubes, testosterone, estrogen, follicle stimulating factor, and the motility of sperms were evaluated and then compared among the control and vehicle groups as the criteria for spermatogenesis. Results: The results showed that a chronic injection of MnO2 nanoparticles caused a significant decrease in the number of sperms, spermatogonia, spermatocytes, diameter of seminiferous tubes (p < 0.001) and in the motility of sperms. However, no significant difference was observed in the weight of prostate, epididymis, left testicle, estradiol (p = 0.8) and testosterone hormone (p = 0.2). Conclusion: It seems that the high oxidative power of both particles was the main reason for the disturbances in the function of the testis. It is also concluded that these particles may have a potential reproductive toxicity in adult male rats. Further studies are thus needed to determine its mechanism of action upon spermatogenesis.

The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cannabis Sativa on appetite hormone in rat

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Mazidi ◽  
Sara Baghban Taraghdari ◽  
Peyman Rezaee ◽  
Maryam Kamgar ◽  
Mohammad Reza Jomezadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orexigenic Peptide ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Total Ghrelin

Abstract: Ghrelin is an orexigenic peptide which is secreted from stomach.: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Two control groups were selected, the first group received 0.5 mL water per day (vehicle group) and another group did not receive anything (control group). The other three groups were treated daily with 50, 100 or 150 mg/kg of C. sativa for 7 days, respectively. Daily energy intake of the rats was calculated for 10 days prior to the> intervention and for the 7 day intervention. To investigate changes in plasma ghrelin as a potential mechanism, an orexigenic dose (150 mg/kg) of: There was no significant difference in energy intake between control and vehicle groups. Treatment with 100 and 150 mg/kg of the extract significantly increased energy intake vs the other groups (p<0.05). Total ghrelin levels were significantly elevated in the: This study showed that

scholarly journals ANTIHYPERCHOLESTROLEMIC ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) ON HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC MODELLING WISTAR MALE RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Bary Azhari ◽  
Sri Luliana ◽  
Robiyanto Robiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Pap Method

Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) has antihypercholesterolemic activity. This study aims to determine antihypercholesterolemic potential, optimal dosage and effect of water extracts of Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) on the index of rat organs. Test animals used were male Wistar rats, divided into 4 groups: normal control, negative control, positive conrol (simvastatin 0.18 mg/kg), and the aqueous extracts of fruit Belimbing wuluh dose of 63 mg/kg. The parameter which was measured in this study were total cholesterol levels which obtained using CHOD-PAP method, the weight of rats for 50 days, and organ indexes. Those parameters were further tested with One Way ANOVA. In parameter decrease blood cholesterol levels of rats between groups positive and group aqueous extract of the fruit starfruit  dose of 63 mg/kg did not experience a statistically significant difference. Meanwhile, the group aqueous extract of the fruit starfruit dose 63 mg/kg and a negative control experiencing significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusion, aqueous extract of the fruit starfruit dose of 63 mg/kg had the effect antihypercholesterolemic seen from the decrease in total cholesterol levels from day 30 and day 50, as well as statistically significant different from the negative control, and can affect the index spleen and pancreas but does not affect the index of the kidneys, liver, heart, and lungs.

scholarly journals The Effect of Angipars on Diabetic Neuropathy in STZ-Induced Diabetic Male Rats: A Study on Behavioral, Electrophysiological, Sciatic Histological and Ultrastructural Indices

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser Zangiabadi ◽  
Hossein Mohtashami ◽  
Mahboobeh Hojatipour ◽  
Mandana Jafari ◽  
Majid Asadi-Shekaari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conduction Velocity ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Nerve Conduction Velocity ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Behavioral Indices ◽  
Significant Difference

Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disease with a high prevalence rate in human society that eventually leads to the peripheral nervous system complications in a great number of patients. In the present study, the effects of Angipars on nerve conduction velocity, histological alterations, and behavioral indices were investigated. Diabetes was induced in male rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Six weeks after STZ injection, animals were divided into five groups control, vehicle, and 3 experimental groups. The vehicle group received 1 mL distilled water daily for two weeks and three experimental groups received, respectively, intraperitoneal injection of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg Angipars daily for two weeks. Intraperitoneal injection of Angipars, in some extent, could significantly improve behavioral indices of the experimental groups as compared to the vehicle group. Furthermore, mean nerve conduction velocity in the vehicle group showed significant difference with that in the control and the 2nd experimental groups; therefore, Angipars could increase nerve conduction velocity in neuropathic rats. Overall, Angipars exerted positive effects on the treatment and reduction of physiologic symptoms and improvement of sciatic morphological injuries in neuropathic rats.

Aflatoxin B1-Induced Reproductive Toxicity in Male Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Supriya ◽  
B. P. Girish ◽  
P. Sreenivasula Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
In Silico Docking ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), one of the most common mycotoxins found in human foods, is principally hepatotoxic; however, it also affects reproduction. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the reproductive toxic effects and possible mechanism of action of AFB1 in rats. Male Wistar rats were injected intramuscularly with doses of 10, 20, or 50 µg AFB1/kg body weight on alternate days from 45 to 100 days of age. Significant reductions in body weights, relative weights of reproductive organs, daily sperm production, epididymal sperm count, viable sperm, motile sperm, and hypoosmotic swelling-tail coiled sperm were observed. Significant decreases in testicular steroidogenic enzymes and serum testosterone levels were also observed indicating decreased steroidogenesis. In silico docking studies illustrated AFB1 binds with steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein thereby affecting the transport of cholesterol into mitochondria resulting in decreased steroidogenesis.

scholarly journals Effects of Atrazine on Reproductive Health of Nondiabetic and Diabetic Male Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Babu Jestadi ◽  
Alugoju Phaniendra ◽  
Undru Babji ◽  
Bhavatharini Shanmuganathan ◽  
Latha Periyasamy
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Nonsignificant Decrease

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of low dose of atrazine on reproductive system of male Wistar rats. 16 rats were divided into four groups of four animals each. Group I (nondiabetic) and group III (diabetic) animals served as controls that received safflower oil (300 μL/kg bw/day), respectively. Group II (nondiabetic) and group IV (diabetic) animals received atrazine (300 μg/kg bw/day). Nonsignificant decrease in the activities of antioxidant and steroidogenic enzymes and sperm parameters suggests that atrazine did not produce any effect on reproductive system of rats. Histological findings also revealed that atrazine at a dose of 300 μg/kg bw did not produce any testicular toxic effects in nondiabetic and diabetic atrazine treated rats. Low dose of atrazine did not show reproductive toxicity in rats. To know the effects of atrazine in diabetic rats further studies have to be carried out with increased concentration of atrazine.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) Extract in Promoting Fertility in Male Wistar Rats after Exposure to Cigarette Smoke

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Achmad Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoke has a variety of dangerous chemicals and free radicals that can potentially cause infertility. One of the plants that are reported to have medicinal properties and have active compounds as antioxidants is Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis). AIM: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of A. cordifolia leaf extract (ACLE) in increasing the fertility of male Wistar rats after exposure to cigarette smoke. METHODS: Twenty-four adult male rats were divided into six groups (age 8–10 weeks, weight 200–250 g): Group 1 (normal control) received aquades (1 ml/day) without being given cigarette smoke, Group 2 received exposure to smoke without being given ACLE, Group 3 received cigarette smoke exposure + 25 mg/kg ACLE, Group 4 received cigarette smoke exposure + 50 mg/kg ACLE, Group 5 received cigarette smoke exposure + 75 mg/kg ACLE, and Group 6 received exposure to cigarette smoke + 100 mg/kg of ACLE. To produce smoke from cigarettes and expose rats to the smoke, a Smoke chamber is used. Rats in the treatment group were exposed to cigarette smoke for 2 weeks (40–60 s daily for 6 days each week). The evaluation of male rat fertility was carried out by measuring body weight, genital weight (testis and epididymis), and spermatozoa spermogram (velocity, motility, morphology, and total number). RESULTS: The least significance different test results showed no significant difference in the rate of weight gain between treatments, standard control, and negative control groups. The average testicular weight of rats exposed to cigarette smoke for 14 days was significantly different from normal controls and doses of 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg body weight. However, at a dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight had not shown a significant increase compared to control. The average spermatozoa velocity reached 12.43 mm2/s and 13.36 mm2/s. The spermatozoa velocity increased significantly at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. CONCLUSIONS: ACLE at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight was effective in increasing the fertility of male Wistar rats exposed to cigarette smoke.

scholarly journals Impact of Buprenorphine on Learning and Memory Ability Related to the Acetylcholinesterase Change in the Hippocampus of Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 13111-13114
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Activity Inhibition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Impact

Buprenorphine (BUP), a “synthetic opioid”, may cause memory impairment. This investigation aimed to study the impact of BUP on memory function related to acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity inhibition in male rats. 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups; control (C) and two treatment groups BUP (0.3 and 1) (n=8, for each group). BUP (0.3 and 1 mg/kg) was administrated subcutaneously once a day for 30 days. Normal saline 0.9% was injected in to control groups. In the end, animals were anesthetized and decapitated, and their hippocampus was dissected to assess AChE activity. There were no significant differences between the activities of AChE in the hippocampus in BUP-treated animals compared with controls. Besides, the activities of AChE in the BUP 0.3 group and BUP 1 group did not indicate a significant difference. These findings did not confirm the effect of BUP at doses of 0.3 and 1 mg/kg on memory function associated with the AChE activity inhibition.

scholarly journals Effect of Pentoxifylline on Apoptosis of Kidney’s Cells Following Acute Methamphetamine Administration in Male Wistar Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-38
Author(s):  
Shabnam Movassaghi ◽  
Ali Yousefi Oudarji ◽  
Zahra Nadia Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective(s):  Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a hallucinogenic drug of abuse which is the most popular drugs in the world and has been shown to induce apoptosis in kidney cells. As Pentoxifylline (PTX) increases cAMP and reduces tumor necrosis factor-α, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of pentoxifylline on kidney damage induced by acute administration of MDMA in male rat.Materials & methods: Thirty male rats (250-300 g) were randomly divided into five groups: including control (without any intervention), MDMA group ,the group received 7.5 mg/kg MDMA three times at every two hours for one day ,first experimental group, received 100 mg/kg PTX a week before MDMA administration, second experimental group received 100 mg/kg PTX Just in the time of the third injection of MDMA and the third experimental group received 100 mg/kg PTX followed by one dose of MDMA. Two weeks later, kidneys were removed and prepared for H&E staining, TUNEL and western blot techniques. Results: histopathological studies showed significantly decrease in the kidney cellular damage, in experimental group 1 compared to MDMA group. The number of TUNEL-positive cells was increased significantly in MDMA group. A significant difference was revealed in the mean number of TUNEL-positive cells between the rats treated with PTX before MDMA administration and MDMA group. Expression of active caspase-3 was significantly increased in the MDMA group. While the PTX treatment could significantly decrease when administrated before MDMA injections.Conclusion: Pentoxifylline can significantly reduce the severity of lesions in the kidney following administration of MDMA.

scholarly journals Effects of Endurance and Resistance Training on Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Acetylcholine Receptor at Slow and Fast Twitch Skeletal Muscles and Sciatic Nerve in Male Wistar Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdolhossein Parnow ◽  
Reza Gharakhanlou ◽  
Zeinab Gorginkaraji ◽  
Somayeh Rajabi ◽  
Rasoul Eslami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fast Twitch ◽  
Training Protocol

The aim of this study was to investigate effects of endurance and resistance training (ET and RT) on CGRP and AChRs at slow and fast twitch muscles and sciatic nerve in rats. Twenty-five male rats were randomly assigned into three groups including sedentary (SED), endurance training (ET), and resistance training (RT). Animals of ET exercised for 12 weeks, five times/week, and 60 min/day at 30 m/min. Animals of RT were housed in metal cage with 2 m high wire-mesh tower, with water bottles set at the top. 48 h after the last session of training protocol, animals were anaesthetized. The right sciatic nerves were removed; then, Soleus (SOL) and Tibialis anterior (TA) muscles were excised and immediately snap frozen in liquid nitrogen. All frozen tissues were stored at −80°C. Results showed that, after both ET and RT, CGRP content as well as AChR content of SOL and TA muscles significantly increased. But there was no significant difference among groups at sciatic nerve’ CGRP content. In conclusion, data demonstrate that ET and RT lead to changes of CGRP and AChR content of ST and FT muscles. The changes indicate to the importance of neuromuscular activity.

scholarly journals Herbicide Metolachlor Causes Changes in Reproductive Endocrinology of Male Wistar Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francielle Tatiane Mathias ◽  
Renata Marino Romano ◽  
Hanan Kaled Sleiman ◽  
Claudio Alvarenga de Oliveira ◽  
Marco Aurelio Romano
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Seminiferous Epithelium ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Reproductive Endocrinology ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Herbicide Metolachlor ◽  
Morphometric Evaluation

S-metolachlor is a chloroacetanilide herbicide widely used in the agriculture to control weeds and was demonstrated that it increases the activity of the aromatase enzyme in cell cultures, which may culminate as endocrine disruption action in vivo. To investigate this hypothesis, prepubertal Wistar male rats were exposed to metolachlor (5 or 50 mg/kg/day, NOEL for reproductive toxicity: 23.5–26.0 mg/kg/day) from PND23 (postnatal day) to PND53. During this period, the growth of the animals and the age and weight at puberty were recorded. In PND53, tissues were collected and the analysis of LH, FSH, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), estradiol serum concentrations, morphometric evaluation of the seminiferous epithelium, and weight of the testes and the seminal vesicle (undrained and drained) was performed (Statistical difference: P<0.05). Metolachlor caused an increase in serum concentrations of testosterone, estradiol, and FSH and a reduction in DHT but did not alter the LH. There were also observed a higher amount of fluid in the seminal vesicles, precocious puberty, and changes in morphology of the seminiferous epithelium of treated animals. We demonstrated in this paper that prepubertal exposure to S-metolachlor caused changes in reproductive endocrinology of male rats.

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