scholarly journals Operational Teams' Preparation in Environmental Health Rapid Response: Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Response to the Earthquake Scenario (Designing an Exercise)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Jalou ◽  
Mohsen Nouri ◽  
Marzieh Rohani-Rasaf ◽  
Somaieh Roohani- Majd ◽  
Mohammad Dashti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Earthquake Scenario ◽  
Emergency Situations

Introduction: Natural disasters are usually a series of unpredictable incidents, which do not originate from humans. With regard to the occurrence of unexpected factors such as earthquakes, floods, and fires, individual and social preparations must be increased in the crisis management. Methods: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the preparation of operational teams to provide an effective response to earthquakes. The statistical population included the experts of environmental health and disaster risk reduction management in the healthcare centers of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The participants were categorized into 20 operational teams. The necessary equipment of the participating teams was evaluated by checklists. Results: The results showed that 76.2 percent of the teams had the required equipment to control the drinking water and dispose the wastewater. Furthermore, 58 percent had the required equipment for disasters' conditions and 78.1 percent had the equipment to spray and disinfect in the emergency situations. In addition, about 90 percent of the vehicles used in training were appropriate for emergencies, 95 percent of teams observed the standards to setup tents, deployed the equipment, and had the needed proficiency skills. Moreover, 81.3 percent of the operational team authorities had sufficient skills to work with technical equipment. Conclusion: The presence of teams in the response phase in the East Azerbaijan earthquake in 2011 and the acquisition of field experiences led to their technical coherence, made them familiar with facilities, and equipped the operational teams. We suggest the authorities to conduct executive training according to the designed twice a year based on the response plan of the deputy of health department two times a year.

scholarly journals Depression and anxiety among pregnant mothers in the initial stage of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic in the southwest of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najmeh Maharlouei ◽  
Pedram Keshavarz ◽  
Niloufar Salemi ◽  
Kamran B. Lankarani
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Medical Histories ◽  
Southwest Of Iran ◽  
Maternity Clinics ◽  
Abnormal Level ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Abstract ‌Background Women are at a higher risk for depression progression, especially during pregnancy. The current study purposed to investigate depression, anxiety, and stress levels of pregnant mothers in the initial stage of the COVID-19 infection in the southwest of Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted during March and April, 2020, in Shiraz, Iran. Pregnant mothers registered in maternity clinics affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were included. An online self-administered checklist was used. It included socio-demographic, obstetric and medical histories, and the short form of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) to evaluate depression, anxiety, and stress. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results In total, 540 pregnant mothers answered the questionnaire. 83.5% had no comorbidity. Abnormal depression scores were significantly higher in those who had no insurance (OR = 2.5) and in those with poor self-rated health (SRH) (OR = 27.8). Pregnant mothers with lower SRH and two or more comorbidities had a higher chance of having an abnormal level of anxiety subscale (6.9, 3.7 times, retrospectively). Conclusion The results revealed that an abnormal level of depression was associated with SRH and medical insurance status. Moreover, the number of comorbidities and poor SRH significantly increased the chance of achieving abnormal anxiety levels in pregnant mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Underuse of Injectable Penicillin in Secondary Prophylaxis of Rheumatic Heart Disease in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 009-012
Author(s):  
Laudari S
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Prophylaxis ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

Background and Aims: Secondary prophylaxis has remained the mainstay of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease management. Despite the proven ef􀏐icacy and superiority of injectable penicillin in rheumatic heart disease patients, it has been underused in Nepal. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based cross-sectional study during June 2014 to October 2018 over a period of 52 months at College of Medical Sciences-Bharatpur including 350 patients with clinical and/or echocardiographic evidence of de􀏐inite rheumatic heart disease. Data was collected from both cardiology outpatients and inpatients (admitted in cardioward/coronary care unit). Relevant data and information were entered into the pre-structured proforma and then analyzed by SPSS-16 software. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 6 to 80 years with mean age 36.76±4.6years with female preponderance (F:M=1.26:1). The predominantly involved isolated valve was mitral in 152 patients (44.43%) followed by aortic valve in 70 patients (20.00%) and rest 90 (25.71%) had dual valvular involvement. The common complications encountered were heart failure in 200(57.14%) and arrhythmias in 155(44.29%) patients. Two hundred ten (60.00%) of the patients received penicillin (oral and injectable) and erythromycin. Majority 180/210=85.71%) were prescribed on oral penicillin whereas only 46/210=21.90% received injectable penicillin; the ratio being 3.35:1. Conclusion: RHD is a leading cause of heart failure and death among young population. There is underuse of penicillin with very minimal focus on use of injectable penicillins currently. Hence, Nepal government and other non-governmental organizations should consider implementation of use of penicillin broadly and moreover focus on use and adherence of injectable penicillin. Keywords: Rheumatic Heart Disease, Penicillin, Underuse, Secondary Prophylaxis.

A cross-sectional study of facial index in Western Uttar Pradesh population between 18-25 years of age

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Shanmukha Varalakshmi Vangara ◽  
Dhananjay Kumar ◽  
Neel Kamal Arora
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Facial Phenotype ◽  
Facial Anthropometry

Background: Facial anthropometry is the scientific study of measurements and proportions of the human face. There is huge paucity in the metric measurements of face in Indian population. This study is involved in collecting facial anthropometric data of Western Uttar Pradesh population of age group between 18-25 years. Aims and Objectives: This study aims at evaluating predominant facial phenotype, using facial height and facial width of Western Uttar Pradesh population as study subjects. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 200 medical and paramedical students of Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences (SRMS-IMS), Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh. The study subjects were of 18-25 year’s age, belonging to Western Uttar Pradesh region. Digital Vernier Caliper was used to measure the facial parameters. The data was analyzed using statistical tool SPSS 16.0 version. Results: In the present study it is found that facial height and width are more in males compared to females. This difference is statistically significant. On analyzing facial index, hyperleptoprosopic face is the predominant phenotype in males as well as in females, followed by leptoprosopic type in males and mesoprosopic type in females. However, gender differences in facial index are not statistically significant at p<0.05.  Conclusion: The current study reveals that facial parameters can be used to determine the gender of an individual on the basis of height and width.

scholarly journals Awareness and reporting of notifiable diseases among private laboratory scientists in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magbagbeola D. Dairo ◽  
Salewa Leye-Adebayo ◽  
Abimbola F. Olatule
Keyword(s):  
Health Department ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Disease Notification ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
Notifiable Diseases ◽  
Private Laboratory ◽  
Lagos State

The availability of accurate, up-to-date, reliable and relevant health information on disease notification by medical laboratory practitioners is essential to detecting and responding to epidemic outbreaks. However, information on notification practices of private laboratory scientists are not well documented. This study was conducted to assess the level of awareness and knowledge of Integrated Diseases Surveillance and Response (IDSR), as well as its practice by private laboratory scientists in Lagos State, Nigeria. In a cross-sectional study, 190 respondents from 14 chapters of the Association of Medical Laboratory Scientists in Lagos state were interviewed using a pretested self-administered semistructured questionnaire to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics, awareness of IDSR and its policy, knowledge of notifiable diseases, practice of IDSR and constraints to reporting notifiable diseases. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and logistic regression at P = 0.05. The mean age of the respondents was 34.0 years with a standard deviation (sd) of ±8.5 years and 65.3% were males. Half (50.0%) of them have ≤5 years of working experience with a mean of 7.5±5.8 years. About 8.9% had ever heard of IDSR. About 9.5% had ever seen a disease notification form and 51.1% had good knowledge of IDSR guidelines for the country. Most (86.3%) had never reported a notifiable disease. Lack of knowledge on how to report (56.8%) and inefficiency of the health department (44.7%) were the major reasons given for not reporting. A significant predictor of disease notification was awareness of IDSR (OR= 5.7, CI=1.9-16.7). Private medical laboratory practitioner’s awareness and practice of disease notification is poor. A range of interventions including awareness campaign, IDSR training, feedback and logistic support for reporting is recommended to improve reporting practices by private medical laboratory scientists.

scholarly journals Environmental Health in Perinatal and Early Childhood: Awareness, Representation, Knowledge and Practice of Southern France Perinatal Health Professionals

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Sunyach ◽  
Barbara Antonelli ◽  
Sophie Tardieu ◽  
Michele Marcot ◽  
Jeanne Perrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Perinatal Health ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
World Health ◽  
Environmental Toxicants ◽  
Cross Sectional

The exposure of adults of reproductive age as well as pregnant women and children to environmental contaminants is of particular concern, as it can impact fertility, in utero development, pregnancy outcomes and child health. Consequently, the World Health Organisation (WHO) and international societies advocate including Environmental Health (EH) in perinatal care, yet perinatal health professionals (HPs) hardly put these recommendations into practice. In 2017, a cross-sectional study was performed in a large panel of perinatal HPs in south-eastern France with the aim of painting a picture of their current attitudes, representation, knowledge, and training expectations. Quantitative and qualitative information was collected via auto-questionnaire. Questionnaires were completed by 962 participants, mainly midwives (41.1%), physicians (25.6%) and nursery nurses (11%). Indoor/outdoor air quality and endocrine disruptors were the best-mastered topics, whereas electromagnetic fields and diet gave rise to unsure responses. Overall, perinatal HPs were ill-trained and -informed about the reproductive risks linked to daily environmental exposure. HPs reported scarce knowledge, fear of patient reaction and lack of solutions as the main barriers to providing information regarding EH to the public. Our findings highlight the need to set up EH training programmes focused on scientific knowledge and to provide simple messages and tips to help perinatal HPs deliver advice to populations to mitigate exposure to environmental toxicants.

scholarly journals MDCT evaluation of coronary artery calcification in Nepalese population undergoing CT thorax examination for non-cardiac pathology

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar Gupta ◽  
Raj Kumar Rauniyar ◽  
Naveen Kumar Pandey ◽  
Deepak Kumar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiac Pathology ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Ct Evaluation ◽  
Atherosclerotic Risk Factors

Background:Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is frequently encountered as incidental findings during CT evaluation of thorax; however, little is known about its magnitude and association with atherosclerotic risk factors in Nepalese population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of incidental CAC in patients undergoing standard thoracic CT examination for non-cardiac pathology and to correlate it with risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis.Methods: A hospital based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 216 patients over 8 month duration. The coronary arteries were evaluated for calcification on 16-slice MDCT and the frequency of CAC was correlated with atherosclerotic risk factors viz. age, sex, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking and obesity.Results: Incidental CAC was seen in 72(33.3%) of total 216 patients. The rates of CAC below 40, 40-60 and above 60 years age group were 0%, 31.6% and 43.9% respectively. The frequency of CAC in male and female were 35% and 31.2% for all ages, 43.6% and 20% for 40-60 years group, and 35.2% and 61.1% for above 60 years age group respectively. The frequency of CAC was higher in patients with diabetes mellitus (47.5%), hypertension (42.3%), smoking (43%) and obesity (38.9%).Conclusion: Incidental CAC was seen in 33.3% of the patients and it had significant association with advancing age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and smoking. Rate of CAC was significantly higher in male for 40-60 years group but the frequency drastically increased in female for above 60 years group. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11205 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 40-44

scholarly journals Investigating social media statistics of usage and its determinant factors in students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in 2018: A cross-sectional study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiva Bozorgpanah ◽  
Ghobad Moradi ◽  
Pourya Bahrami ◽  
Elham Noori ◽  
Mohammad Pourya Ezati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Use Of Social Media

Abstract Background and Aim: the present study was conducted to investigate social media statistics of usage and its determinant factors in students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in 2018.Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional-analytical study. The total of 380 students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences were randomly selected by Probability Proportional to Size Sampling method, from the lists of the students in each faculty. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, organized in four sections. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS software version 21.Results: Based on the results of this study 373 (98.2%) of the sample students were on social media, which the most popular ones among them were Telegram (94.1%), Instagram (78.8%) and Whatsapp (61.9%), respectively. The average time spent on social media among students was reported to be 2.78 hours per day and is a significant difference between age groups in terms of attitudes toward using social media (P = 0.031).Conclusion: the results of this study suggested that the majority of students use social media. Since improper use of social media can exert unfortunate effects on different aspects of life of students, and negatively influence their education.

scholarly journals Nutrition knowledge and Attitude in Medical Students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 2017-2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Dolatkhah ◽  
Seyed Kazem Shakouri ◽  
Azizeh Farshbaf Khalili ◽  
Majid Hajifaraji ◽  
Maryam Hashemian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Abstract Objectives : In this cross-sectional study among 220 medical students we aimed to determine the nutritional knowledge and attitude of medical students through clinical training courses (externship and internship) of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. A nutritional knowledge questionnaire included 51 questions was used to determine the correct, perceived and accuracy of knowledge of the participant in different aspects of nutrition sciences. Nutritional knowledge was calculated as percentage of correct responses. The nutrition attitude questionnaire included 30 questions. Both questionnaires were confirmed in terms of the validity and reliability for assessing nutritional knowledge and attitude in this sample of Iranian medical students. Results: The mean score of correct knowledge was not significantly different among externs and interns (68.20±7.50% and 67.87±6.04% respectively, p=0.729). Results showed that most of the participants (49.61% of externs and 57.14% of inters) had a poor nutritional knowledge, significantly varied by age (p=0.035). The mean attitude index of the subjects was not significantly different among externs and interns (106.37±13.66 and 108.16±13.35 out of 145 respectively, p=0.337). Most students (92.7%) had a very appropriate attitude toward nutrition, significantly varied by sex (p=0.010). These findings indicate that there are multiple deficiencies in nutrition knowledge of medical students.

scholarly journals Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of HIV among Tuberculosis patients of DOTS centre in Delhi

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal C Soyam ◽  
Jyoti Das ◽  
Rajeeva TC ◽  
Pallavi Boro ◽  
Charu Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Continuation Phase ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Demographic Correlates

Background: Knowledge of HIV status of a TB patient is critical from both patient and public health point of view. Early HIV diagnosis among TB patients could serve as an entry point for HIV care and treatment. Surveillance of HIV among TB patients has been recognized to be important as the HIV epidemic continues to fuel TB epidemics. Hence, this study was conducted with an objective to assess the socio-demographic profile and the prevalence of HIV among TB patients.Methodology: Cross sectional study was carried out in eight DOTS cum DMCs of Delhi. Data was collected from January 2012 to December 2012. Registered TB patients (new and retreatment) were interviewed on a predesigned questionnaire at the end of five months of treatment.Results: In 2012, out of the total 552 TB patients interviewed, 524 (94.9%) had been tested for HIV by the end of fifth month of their TB treatment. In them, 13 patients (2.4%) were HIV positive. All of them had been initiated on ART and CPT during continuation phase of TB treatment. In present study no variable was found to be significantly associated with HIV status except number family member and patients on retreatment category.Conclusions: The prevalence of HIV infection in TB patients in current study was (2.4%) substantially lower than reported in studies from other states. If HIV testing done by all TB patients then routine reporting of HIV status for all TB patients would provide even better information on which to base future planning.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 53-58

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