scholarly journals The Role of a Catholyte in the Foliar Nutrition of Winter Wheat Plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Alexandrova ◽  
Galina Khramko ◽  
Boris Alexandrov ◽  
Zhanati Hadisova ◽  
Aminat Abubakarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Foliar Nutrition ◽  
Experimental Variant ◽  
Control Variant

This study examined the content of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in Tanya winter wheat plants depending on the concentration of an aqueous solution of catholyte (EKhAV-K) combined with foliar fertilizing with FlorHumate. In all phases of the growing season, tillering–stooling–heading, an increase in the content of N in the leaf and stem mass by 0.04%, 0.19% and 0.07% was shown; the content of P increased by 0.04%, 0.03% and 0.05%; and that of K raised by 0.07%, 0.09% and 0.06%. A 20% aqueous solution of EKhAV-K (pH = 9.0 and ORP = –50 mV) promoted better assimilation of N, P and K from fertilizers. The ecological safety of the wheat grain was established. The accumulation of N, P2О5 and K2О in the experimental variant of the grain was 3.09%, 8.90% and 9.09%, respectively, which was more than in the control variant. Keywords: winter wheat, foliar nutrition, catholyte, role

scholarly journals Poise Is A Dangerous Pest Of Winter Wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (11) ◽  
pp. 86-88
Author(s):  
Saida Abdusalomovna Mirzayeva ◽  
◽  
Odiljon Maripovich Turgunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Carat Gold ◽  
Experimental Variant ◽  
Control Variant

This article presents the results of scientific research on the biology and harmfulness of the wheat drunkard. Against this pest, insecticides were used in the standard control variant of Karache 10% e.c., 0.07 l/ ha and the biological efficiency was 90.4% 95.6% and 96.8%, in the experimental variant, respectively, when 0.075 l/ha was applied. Carat gold plus 10% e.с. 90.9%, 96.1% wa 97.5%.

scholarly journals CONTENT OF AMINO ACIDS IN WINTER WHEAT GRAIN DEPENDING ON THE VARIETY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
H. M. Hospodarenko
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Indispensable Amino Acids ◽  
Dispensable Amino Acids

The amino acid content of soft wheat grain was analyzed depending on the variety. It was found that the content of lysine, leucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine and cystine varies the most from the weather conditions of growing season. The total weight of amino acids varies from 14,01 to 17,46 % of grain depending on the variety of soft wheat. The share of indispensable amino acids is 27–29 % of their total mass. However, the sum content of indispensable amino acids varies significantly depending on the variety and line – from 3,81 to 5,10 %. The highest content of phenylalanine (0.55 %), lysine (0.51 %) and leucine (0.47 %) in the grain of soft wheat Panonicus (st) variety was found. The lowest methionine content is 0.1 %. The remaining amino acids ranged from 0,39 to 0,46 %. Among the dispensable amino acids, there is the highest content of glutamine (3,54 %) and proline (1.11 %), and the lowest content of cystine (0.1 %). The variation coefficient of the samples over the years of research was average for the amino acids serine, glutamine, glycine and arginine – low, histidine, asparagine and methionine – medium, and for the rest - high,. It is obvious that the content of amino acids also varies significantly depending on the weather conditions of the growing season of winter wheat. The content of indispensable amino acids in the grain of Kulundinka soft wheat varied from 0.16 to 0.95 %. The content of threonine (0,78 %) and leucine(0,95 %) was the highest, the content of methionine was the lowest – 0.16 %. The content of other indispensable amino acids ranged from 0,50 to 0,74 %. The content of dispensable amino acids ranged 0,22–4,03 %. The highest content was of proline (1,67 %) and glutamine (4,03 %). The content of other dispensable amino acids varied from 0,80 до 1,12 %. It was found that the content of basic amino acids in wheat grain of P 7 soft line varied from 0,09 to 3,92 %. Thus, the content of indispensable amino acids is dominated by threonine, lysine, valine and leucine (0,54–0,78 %). Among the indispensable are proline, asparagine, and glutamine (1,07–3,92 %). The lowest content among indispensable amino acids was characterized by methionine (0.09 %), among dispensable – cystine (0,27 %). The grain of Kulundinka wheat variety and P 7 line obtained by hybridization of Triticum aestivum L. / Triticum spelta L. has the highest number of indispensable amino acids, which are recommended to be used to obtain high-quality grain.

scholarly journals Effect of fertilizers on the content of mineral nutrition elements in winter and spring wheat plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
A. M. Kudriawytzka ◽  
◽  
K. S. Karabach ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The influence of systematic application of mineral fertilizers, on the background (BG) of the after-effect of 30 t on ha of manure, on the content of nutrients in spring wheat plants of “Myronivska Yara” regional variety and winter wheat plants of “Myronivska 61” variety, and on nutrients removal by plants, during cultivation on Meadow-Chernozemic Carbonate Soil, was studied. The results indicate a close relationship between external conditions and internal metabolic processes in winter and spring wheat plants. Thus, a balanced ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium provides a more intensive supply of these elements from the soil, what increases their content in plants. The highest content of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in winter wheat plants was observed in the variant, where 1.5 rate of mineral fertilizers was applied with the background of 30 t on ha of manure, in the tillering phase and was 4.86; 2.17; 3.48 %, respectively, what is almost 2 times higher, than the control. During the growing season, the nutrients content in all variants decreased. The same pattern was observed in plants of spring wheat. The maximum nutrients content was recorded in all variants in the phase of spring tillering, and also was recorded significant reduction in their adsorption from the soil and using by plants during the growing season. The content of total nitrogen in spring wheat plants in the tillering phase fluctuated in fertilized variants in the range of 2.21-2.51 %, compared with the control – 2.10 %; phosphorus – in the range of 1.20-1.47 %, compared with the content on the control – 1.04 %; potassium – 1.88-3.08 %, in the control, respectively – 1.68 %. The results of research indicate, that long-term application of fertilizers in crop rotation affects, as a result, also on the removal of nutrients with the crop. Thus, the removal of basic nutrients by plants of winter and spring wheat was the highest in the variant “BG + N110P120K120”. Under winter wheat it was 210 kg on ha N, 122 P2O5, 157 kg on ha K2O, compared with the control variant – 86.3 N, 48.2 P2O5, 57.8 kg on ha K2O. Under the spring wheat it was 119 N, 66.4 P2O5, 85.4 kg on ha K2O, and in control variant, respectively, – 46.6 N, 26.5 P2O5, 32.8 kg on ha K2O.

scholarly journals Effect of phosphogypsum on the fertility of chernozem and productivity of oil flax and winter wheat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.I. Akanova ◽  
◽  
M.M. Vizirskaya ◽  
L.P. Beltyukov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Flax Seeds

Introduction of 5.0 t/ha of phosphogypsum contributed to the receipt of 1.69 t/ha of oil flax seeds; yield increase was 0.36 tons per hectare or 27%. The content and collection of oil also reliably increased. Winter wheat grain yield in the variant with phosphogypsum was 5.48 tons per hectare; yield increase, in this case, reached 0.74 tons per hectare or 15.6%. Harvest index (HI) of winter wheat in the trial fields with phosphogypsum was 50.0%; the same in the control variant (without phosphogypsum) – 38.0%.

scholarly journals Use of remote sensing Earth data for regional assessment of winter wheat grain quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-251
Author(s):  
Fedor Eroshenko ◽  
Irina Storchak ◽  
Irina Engovatova ◽  
Natalia Likhovid
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship

To improve the sustainability of grain production at the regional level, reliable and operational methods for monitoring the state of crops during the entire growing season, as well as methods for early prediction of not only yield, but also the quality of winter wheat grain are needed. For this, satellite data of the seasonal dynamics of the vegetation index NDVI are used, which allows one to evaluate the physiological state of crops and the size of the future crop. The purpose of research is to identify the relationship between the data of remote sensing of the Earth and winter wheat quality indicators for the conditions of the Stavropol Territory. This work was carried out in the Department of Plant Physiology of the North-Caucasian Federal Scientific and Agricultural Agrarian Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution together with the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Data on grain quality in the Stavropol Territory for the period from 2003 to 2018 were provided by the Stavropol branch of the Federal Center for the Safety and Quality Assessment of Grain and its Processing Products. Vegetation indices NDVI obtained using the VEGA service IKI RAS. An analysis of the data showed that the maximum correlation coefficient of NDVI with the amount of grains of the 2nd and 3rd classes was 0.83 with a minus sign in the phase of formation of the grain. With the amount of food grain, the maximum feedback is observed in the phase of the resumption of spring vegetation (correlation coefficients -0.62). The dynamics of the forecast of winter wheat grain quality in the Stavropol Territory in 2018 has a fairly wide range of changes, which is associated with the conditions of plant growth and development. For the conditions of the Stavropol Territory, the closest correlation between the vegetative index NDVI of winter wheat crops and quality indicators is observed from 10 to 22 calendar weeks. When analyzing the relationship of quality indicators with average NDVI values in different months of the growing season, close feedback was revealed for April, May, June, and also for the period April-May.

scholarly journals Productivity and technological qualities of Grom winter wheat grain variety depending on the application of plant growth regulators and nitrogen top dressings

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-125
Author(s):  
A. A. Makarov ◽  
N. I. Mamsirov ◽  
Z. A. Ivanova ◽  
F. Kh. Tkhazeplova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Wheat Grain

The article presents the results of a multi-year research aimed at establishing the influence of plant growth regulators and doses of nitrogen top dressings on the growth, development, productivity and technological qualities of Grom variety of soft winter wheat grain of the FSBSI «SGC named after P.P. Lukyanenko» selection. The results of the research revealed that the duration of the entire growing season and interphase stages of winter wheat development was largely influenced by weather conditions in the spring-summer period. Application of nitrogen top dressing in the «tillering-beginning of stemming» phase promoted the formation of more vigorous winter wheat plants with an increased tillering coefficient. The best indicators were obtained in options where «Biosil» preparation was used. The most intensive increase in the aboveground mass of winter wheat throughout the growing season occurred with the use of the «Alfastim» growth regulator; it was followed by «Novosil» preparation. The cultivation of crops with growth regulators increased the productive plant stand by 7,8–15,2%, but didn’t have a significant effect on the other elements of the crop structure. Application of nitrogen fertilizer in doses of N35+N35 иN35+N35+N20 when treated with «Novosil» growth regulator provided a high yield – up to 7,13 t/ha. Slightly lower was the yield with the use of «Alfastim» preparation compared with «Novosil». In the option without nitrogen fertilizers the fifth class grain was formed, and the treatment of winter wheat crops with the studied preparations increased the class of grain to the fourth one, due to an increase in the content of protein and gluten in the grain. Similar changes were also noted when nitrogen was added to the top dressing at doses of N20 + N20 and N35 + N35. Spring nitrogen fertilization of winter wheat crops in the heading phase contributed to an increase in the grain class.

ROLE OF PRE-SOWING SEED TREATMENT AND FERTILIZERS IN INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN ON GRAY FOREST SOIL IN THE KAMA REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Гарифуллина ◽  
Liana Garifullina ◽  
Таланов ◽  
Ivan Talanov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sowing Seed

The article presents the application results of pre-sowimg seeds treatment methods and nutrition backgrounds on productivity and quality of winter wheat grain.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS OF THE VEGETATION PERIOD ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF SPRING WHEAT GRAIN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Fedyushkin ◽  
◽  
A. V. Paramonov ◽  
S. V. Pasko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Control Variant

Purpose: to reveal the influence of mineral fertilizers and hydrothermal conditions of the growing season on the yield and protein content in the spring wheat grain. Materials and methods. The research was carried out in Aksai district of Rostov region on the experimental field of Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center (FRANTS). The objects of research are the yield and protein content in spring wheat grain, as well as the dose of mineral fertilizers. Testing, accounting and mathematical processing of the data obtained were carried out according to B. A. Dospekhov. Results. As a result of the research, it was found that the application of mineral fertilizers leads to a significant increase in the yield of spring wheat, regardless of the moisture supply of the growing season, the maximum increase was obtained with the introduction of N60P30K60. The application of mineral fertilizers leads not only to an increase in yield, but also to an increase in its dependence on the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season. Data analysis using a multiple correlation coefficient showed that in the variants with the mineral fertilizers application there was a close direct relationship between the yield, SCC and the amount of precipitation (r = 0.79...0.88 according to the variants of the experiment), while in the control variant it was average in terms of influence (r = 0.63...0.64). The accumulation of protein in spring wheat grain is influenced by the combined effect of the meteorological conditions of the growing season and the mineral fertilizers used. The maximum effect of the SCC and the amount of precipitation that fell during the growing season on the protein content in wheat grain was obtained with the introduction of K60 (the parameter was 53.7 and 51.8 %, respectively). Conclusions. The application of mineral fertilizers can significantly increase the yield of spring wheat and regulate the protein content in grain, reducing the influence of the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season. The best results were obtained with the introduction of N60P30K60, which makes it possible to reduce the negative effect of meteorological conditions and increase the yield by 9.3–92.8 % in comparison with the control variant.

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