scholarly journals Use of Sorghum for Enhancing the Biodiversity and Nutritional Value of Semi-Desert Pasture Ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
G K Bulakhtina ◽  
A V Kudryashov ◽  
N I Kudryashova ◽  
A B Volodin ◽  
M M Shagaipov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
Better Than

The article presents the results of studies on the adaptive potential of sorghum used for restoration of degraded pasture ecosystems, increasing their biodiversity and nutritional value. The region chosen for the experiment is a semi-desert arid part of southern Russia. The aridity coefficient is 0.11–0.30 which is typical of the arid zone. The annual volume of precipitation is 125-265 mm. Two varieties of sorghum – Travinka and Caravan – were studied. They were grown with different thickness: 10 thousand, 20 thousand and 40 thousand plants per 1 hectare. During the growing season, there was soil and atmospheric drought. The best indicators of green mass yield were recorded for Travinka for the variant “40 thousand plants per hectare – 7.9 tons per hectare, and for Caravan for the variant “20 thousand plants per hecrate – 3.9 tons per hectare. Compared with natural pasture, sorghum productivity is 18 times higher by green mass yield and 26 times higher by dry mass yield (the best options). The analysis of the chemical composition and nutritional value of sorghum showed that compared to the plants of natural pasture, sorghum is a more nutritious fodder plant. Its nutritional value is more by 0.24 feed units per 1 kg and by 1.9 % by the mass of crude protein. It is better than other plants by the content of sugar content (79 g per 1 kg) and macronutrients.

scholarly journals POLYCULTURES OF CORIANDER, CARROT, AND ARUGULA IN STRIP-INTERCROPPING SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAULO CÁSSIO ALVES LINHARES ◽  
JAILMA SUERDA SILVA DE LIMA ◽  
FRANCISCO BEZERRA NETO ◽  
GARDÊNIA SILVANA DE OLIVEIRA RODRIGUES ◽  
ARIDÊNIA PEIXOTO CHAVES
Keyword(s):  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
Strip Intercropping ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate combinations of cultivars of coriander and arugula in two croppings with cultivars of carrot in a strip-intercropping system. The study was conducted from November 2014 to March 2015. The experimental design was a randomized complete block in a 2 x 2 x 2 + 2 factorial scheme, with four replications. The treatments consisted of the combination of two cultivars of coriander (Verdão and Português) with two cultivars of carrot (Brasília and Esplanada) and two cultivars of arugula (Cultivada and Folha Larga) in a strip-intercropping system plus two additional treatments, where the first represents the cultivars in monocropping and the second the cultivation types (monocropping and intercropping). The characteristics evaluated in the coriander and arugula were green mass yield and shoot dry mass. The following were evaluated in carrot: shoot dry mass, dry mass of roots, total and commercial productivity, and classified productivity of roots. In the intercropping system, the agronomic indices of land equivalent ratio, productive efficiency index, and score of the canonical variable were evaluated. The economic efficiency indicators determined were gross and net income, rate of return, profit margin, monetary advantage, and modified monetary advantage. There was no significant interaction among the cultivars of coriander, carrot, and arugula for coriander and arugula green mass yields, and for total and commercial productivities of carrot roots. The best polyculture was of that involved in the cultivars ―Português,‖ ―Esplanada,‖ and ―Cultivada‖.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SOIL TILLAGE METHODS AND FERTILIZER ON CROP PRODUCTIVITY AND CORPORATION OF CORN SOWINGS

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Владимир Фомин ◽  
Vladimir Fomin ◽  
Макарим Нафиков ◽  
Makarim Nafikov ◽  
Вячеслав Медведев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Green Mass Yield

The article presents the results of studies, conducted from 2014 to 2016 in the Western Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan, for the purpose of comparative study the basic soil cultivation methods and the introduction of various types of nitrogen fertilizers for crop, cultivated for silage. Predecessor - annual grasses (vetch + oats). The dynamics of weediness of crops, its air-dry mass and green mass yield of corn in the phase of milk-wax ripeness were determined. For three years of research, the highest corn yield of green mass was obtained in the sixth variant (background + N120) - 406.6 centner per hectare. Economically advantageous was the dose of ammonia N120, where payment of one kilogram of active matter of fertilizers for the dumping of plowing amounted to 159 kg of green mass.

scholarly journals Genetic variability for yield and yield components in Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)

Genetika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeljko Lakic ◽  
Igor Balalic ◽  
Milos Nozinic
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Tuber Weight ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Green Mass Yield

Investigation of quantitative traits of Jerusalem artichoke populations was conducted on the experimental field of the Agricultural Institute of the Republic of Srpska in Banja Luka, during 2013 and 2014. The material was collected in the wider area of Republic of Srpska. The following populations were analyzed: Srbac, Modrica, Pivara, Lazarevo, Bosna, Vrbas, Gradiska and Aleksici. The trial was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The following parameters were analyzed: tuber weight (g), plant height (cm), stem number/plant, average stem thickness (cm), green mass yield/plant (kg), and dry mass yield/plant (kg). Average tuber weight ranged from 36.7 g (Bosna) to 61.0 g (Lazarevo). Plant height ranged from 1.55 m (Lazarevo) to 2.20 m (Aleksici). Stem number/plant varied from 2.2 (Aleksici) to 5.3 (Modrica). Stem thickness was between 1.24 cm (Bosna) and 2.11 cm (Aleksici). The population Bosna had the lowest average yield of green mass and dry mass yield/plant, while the highest mean value had population Aleksici. Broad sense heritability varied from 34.66% (plant height) to 50.99% (dry mass yield/plant). Highly significant positive correlations between plant height and stem thickness (r = 0.874), stem thickness and green mass yield (r = 0.919), stem thickness and dry mass yield (r = 0.902) were established. Jerusalem artichoke populations were clustered into two groups, and the first group was composed of two sub-groups. The results of these studies will allow choice of Jerusalem artichoke populations with better quantitative traits, and their inclusion in the program of creating new varieties.

Productivity of forage grasses affected by microbial preparations in the Vologda region

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
А.В. Платонов ◽  
И.И. Рассохина ◽  
Л.В. Сухарева ◽  
Г.Ю. Лаптев ◽  
В.Н. Большаков
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacillus Megaterium ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Lactobacillus Buchneri ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
Feed Unit

Использование микробных препаратов — перспективный путь повышения продуктивности сельскохозяйственных растений. В статье приведены результаты изучения влияния биопрепаратов, созданных на основе живых штаммов микроорганизмов Bacillus subtilis («Натурост»), Lactobacillus buchneri («Натурост-Актив») и Bacillus megaterium («Натурост-М»), на продуктивность и питательную ценность райграса однолетнего и клеверо-тимофеечной смеси. Исследование проводили в мелкоделяночном полевом опыте во ФГБУН ВолНЦ РАН (Вологодская область) в 2019–2020 годах. Под влиянием обработки биопрепаратами выход зелёной массы райграса возрастал на 13,7–65,5% в зависимости от опытного варианта. Продуктивность травосмеси клевера и тимофеевки увеличилась на 13,1–46,6% в зависимости от используемого биопрепарата, укоса и года исследования. Оценка питательной ценности райграса показала, что обработка биопрепаратами способствовала повышению содержания кормовых единиц в сухом веществе на 6,5%, также несколько увеличилось содержание обменной энергии, сырого и переваримого протеина, сахаров и жиров. Питательная ценность клеверо-тимофеечной смеси по содержанию кормовых единиц под влиянием биопрепаратов увеличилась на 15%. В опытах с райграсом бόльшая продуктивность зелёной массы получена при использовании препарата «Натурост-Актив», в опытах с клеверо-тимофеечной смесью отмечена бόльшая эффективность препарата «Натурост». В исследованиях 2019 года повышение питательной ценности зелёной массы у обеих культур в большей степени происходило под влиянием препарата, созданного на основе бактерий Bacillus megaterium. В 2020 году более выраженное увеличение содержания кормовых единиц, обменной энергии, сырого протеина, переваримого протеина и жиров происходило при внесении препарата на основе бактерий Bacillus subtilis. Microbial preparations were shown to be promising when increasing crop productivity. This article reports on the effect of biopreparations containing living strains of Bacillus subtilis (“Naturost”), Lactobacillus buchneri (“Naturost-Aktiv”) and Bacillus megaterium (“Naturost-M”) on the yield and nutritional value of annual ryegrass and clover-timothy mixture. Microplot field trial took place in 2019–2020. Biopreparations improved green mass yield of ryegrass by 13.7–65.5%. The productivity of the clover-timothy mixture increased by 13.1–46.6% affected by biopreparations, cut and year. Treatment with biopreparations increased feed unit content by 6.5% in dry matter (DM) as well as exchange energy, crude and digestible protein, sugar and fat. Biopreparations improved feed unit content of the clover-timothy mixture by 15%. Ryegrass produced the highest yield of green mass under “Naturost-Aktiv” application, while “Naturost” was more effective for the clover-timothy mixture. In 2019 Bacillus megaterium had the best effect on the nutritional value of crop green mass. The contents of feed units, exchange energy, crude and digestible proteins as well as fat grew significantly after Bacillus subtilis application in 2020.

scholarly journals STUDY VARIETY INDEXES OF VARIETY KIBRAY OF KASHKAR BEDA (MELILOTUS ALBUS)

2020 ◽  
pp. 183-185
Author(s):  
Fozilbek Nurullaevich Torеev ◽  
Djabbarkhon Djamalkhanovich Akhmedov ◽  
Muzaffar Matyakubovich Yakubov ◽  
Gavkhar Abdakhatovna Tilovova ◽  
Nasiba Umarovna Mavlanova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Individual Selection ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Protein Food ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Local Diversity ◽  
Melilotus Albus ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Root Nitrogen

Enhancing of soil fertility is required for getting high yields from cotton plant, cereals and other crops in Uzbekistan. It may be achieved through implementation of crop rotation, properly introduction of rotation and by the planting of kashkar beda, alfalfa and other bean bearing crops. Planting of Kibray variety of Kashkar beda in strongly salted areas and may be produced high yields than ordinary blue alfalfa. It’s an average green mass yield accounts for 4.0-4.5 tons per hectare, 1 kg green mass contains 17-25 g protein and 0,16-0,20 food units what is a nutritious food for agricultural animals. Beside this, due to its root nitrogen-fixing capability. It may be taken durable high yields from other crops in its planted area. Keywords: Kashkar beda (local diversity of alfalfa), blue alfalfa, green stem, salinization, productivity, protein, food unit, forage, farmstead, variety, seed production, elite, primary seed production, nutritional crops, green mass, morphologic traits, germination, variety grade, nursery, individual selection, phonologic monitoring, Kibray variety, variety of Tashkent-2009. KEYWORDS: Kashkar beda, Melilotus albus, variety, green mass, morphologic traits, germination.

Influence of cutting management on productivity and nutritional value of perennial grasses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Л. Евстратова ◽  
Г. Евсеева ◽  
С. Смирнов ◽  
А. Камова
Keyword(s):  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Smooth Brome ◽  
Cutting Management ◽  
The Republic

В условиях Республики Карелия в 20152018 годах проведены трёхлетние научные исследования по определению оптимальных режимов скашивания и оценке их влияния на продуктивные и качественные характеристики бобовозлаковых травостоев с включением интродуцированных культур Medicago varia Mart. (сорт Таисия) и Festulolium F. Aschers.et Graebn. (сорт ВИК 90). Установлено, что в агроценозах массовая доля люцерны изменчивой при двуукосном режиме скашивания динамично возрастала с 4,029,1 до 34,442,2, а при трёхукосном с 3,927,6 до 48,860,3. Традиционный бобовый компонент Trifolium hybridum L. (сорт Первенец), наоборот, снизил своё участие в травостое с 22,451,4 до 1,315,3 и с 27,440,0 до 0,713,9 соответственно. Фестулолиум доминировал в травостое при трёхкратном скашивании в 1й и 2й годы пользования (56,1 и 69,5) и при двукратном во 2й и 3й годы (58,6 и 54,0). В среднем за 3 года как при двух, так и при трёхукосном режиме скашивания высокие показатели урожайности сухой массы (7,559,13 т/га), энергетической (6,2110,09 тыс. корм. ед./га 79,794,7 ГДж/га) и протеиновой (0,811,31 т/га) продуктивности обеспечили травостои: кострец безостый люцерна изменчивая клевер гибридный фестулолиум люцерна изменчивая клевер гибридный. Рассматриваемые значения превысили контроль (клеверозлаковый травостой) в 1,11,7 раза. Независимо от состава фитоценоза трёхкратное использование травостоев имело преимущество (на 18,661,7) только по сбору сырого протеина. В типичных погодных условиях полевого сезона лучшие результаты получены при двукратном режиме скашивания бобовозлаковых травостоев, а в экстремальных при трёхкратном. Последний обеспечил более равномерное распределение урожая зелёной массы по укосам и высокие показатели питательности корма. The investigations took place in the Republic of Karelia in 20152018. It was aimed to test cutting managements and their influence on grass productivity and quality and determine the optimal one. Legumegramineous ecosystems contained Medicago varia Mart. (variety Taisiya) and Festulolium F. Aschers.et Graebn. (variety VIK 90). The proportion of bastard alfalfa increased from 4.029.1 to 34.442.2 under two cuts, and from 3.927.6 to 48.860.3 under three cuts. The fraction of conventional grass component Trifolium hybridum L. (variety Pervenets) reduced from 22.451.4 to 1.315.3 and from 27.440.0 to 0.713.9, respectively. Festulolium prevailed in the 1st and 2nd years under three cuts (56.1 and 69.5) as well as in the 2nd and 3rd years under two cuts (58.6 and 54.0). Mixtures of smooth brome bastard alfalfa alsike clover festulolium bastard alfalfa alsike clover had the highest dry mass yield (7.559.13 t ha1), energy content (6.2110.09 thousand feed units ha1 79.794.7 GJ ha1) and protein concentration (0.811.31 t ha1). These values exceeded the ones of the control (clovergramineous mixture) by 1.11.7 times. Three cuts provided 18.661.7 more protein. Two cuts gave better results under typical regional climate, but three cuts were advantageous under unfavorable conditions.

scholarly journals The yield and feed capacity of alfalfa varieties in the conditions of the West Kazakhstan region

2021 ◽  
Vol 215 (12) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Akylbek Nurgaliev ◽  
Rashit Dzhaparov ◽  
Gul'baram Nurgalieva ◽  
El'mira Akkereeva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Spring Precipitation ◽  
The West ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Yield Determination ◽  
West Kazakhstan ◽  
Alfalfa Varieties ◽  
Green Mass Yield

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to conduct the comparative assessment of variable alfalfa varieties and to identify the most productive and adapted varieties to the conditions of the region with a view to their further zoning. The results of research on the study of alfalfa varieties – Karabalykskaya 18, Rambler, Ural’skaya sinyaya, Semirechenskaya mestnaya, Krasnovodopadskaya 8 are presented in this article. Data of the seed germination and plant preservation by years of life, yield and forage capacity of crops are given. Methods: field and calculation (to determine the feed capacity). Results. In the 2011 crops, according to the field germination, the variety of Karabalykskaya 18 (45.8 %) and Semirechenskaya mestnaya (42.8 %) were distinguished. According to 4-year data, the highest percentage of preservation in the variety of Karabalykskaya 18 (14.2 %) and Ural’skaya sinyaya (13.9 %). And the smallest number of preserved plants was noted in the alfalfa variety of Krasnovodopadskaya 8, it is amounted to 10.4 %. The crops produced more mass shoots in next year, due to somewhat high rates of spring precipitation and air temperature. And in terms of the percentage of preservation, the 2012 crops surpassed the previous ones. Thus, in the variety of Karabalykskaya 18 and Rambler, this indicator was equal to 15.1 % and 13.7 %, and in the zoned variety Ural’skaya sinyaya, 15.7 % of the herbage was preserved. The data of green mass yield determination and hay shows that three of the four varieties evaluated were exceed to the standard variety from 1.6 to 8.5 per 1 ha for the collection of green mass and from 0.2 to 2.4 c/ha for the hay harvest. In terms of feed capacity, the highest indicators are in the Karabalykskaya variety 18, and the lowest – in Krasnovodopadskaya 8. So, at the 5th year of life (sowing 2011), 48 cattles can be fed on 10 ha of crops of the first variety for a month, and the second – 41. On the grass stands of the zoned Ural’skaya sinyaya variety, the content of 43 cattles are permissible.

scholarly journals Breeding scheme and heterosis level of sugar sorghum hybrids

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (25) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
A.B. Volodin ◽  
◽  
S.I. Kapustin ◽  
A.S. Kapustin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Breeding Scheme ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
Selection Of

Creation and introduction of new hybrids of sugar sorghum adaptive to arid conditions allow stabilizing and increasing the productivity of forage mass over the years, which is of current importance. The aim of the research was to clarify the scheme and methods of selection of the initial material, assess the level of true heterosis, quantitative traits of green mass yield and plant height in the best obtained hybrids of sugar sorghum. The research was carried out according to the methods of laboratory and field experiments. The scheme of the breeding process included nurseries of source material and breeding nurseries, as well as creation of self-pollinated and sterile lines, hybridization, assessment of samples for CMS, combining ability, and testing new hybrids by saturating crosses and topcross. According to this scheme, sterile lines ‘A-63’, ‘Knyazhna’, ‘Zersta 38A’ were created. By methods of multiple and individual selection with subsequent inbreeding from hybrid populations, fertile paternal forms ‘Stavropolskoe 36’, ‘Galia’ and ‘Larets’ were created. Also, obtained on their basis hybrids ‘Silosnoe 88’ (standard), ‘Alga’, ‘Kalaus’, ‘Yarik’ served as the object of research. On average for 2016–2019, the most significant plant height under the conditions of the “North-Caucasus Federal Agrarian Research Center” was found in late-ripening combinations ‘Yarik’ (301.4 cm) and ‘Kalaus’ (289.0 cm). The level of true heterosis of this trait was 41.7 % and 31.6 %, respectively. In the studied hybrids, the pollination period of the parental forms coincides, the heterosis of the thickness of the stems is observed. The significant leafiness of the plants is also found to be in the late-ripening forms (15.7–16.0 %). The maximum yield of green mass was obtained from hybrids ‘Yarik’ (102.0 t/ha) and ‘Kalaus’ (86.7 t/ha). The level of true heterosis of the studied trait in these combinations was 67.9 t/ha and 47.0 t/ha, respectively, or 66.5 % and 54.2 %. The combination of other genetic plasmas provided a lower level of true heterosis. The late-ripening hybrids ‘Yarik’ and ‘Kalaus’ have significantly higher sugar content in the juice of the stems (12.89–14.03 %) compared with the mid-ripening ‘Silosnoe 88’ (8.9 %) and the medium-late ‘Alga’ (11.14 %).

scholarly journals New narrow-leafed lupin variety Belorozovy 144

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polina Ageeva
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Green Mass Yield

The article presents the description of a new feed middle-ripening narrow-leafed lupin variety. Its vegetation period takes 88–103 days. The average grain yield is 25–30 cwt/ha, the potential one — 40 cwt/ha. The average green mass yield is 340–400 cwt/ha, the potential one — to 6000 cwt/ha. The content of grain raw protein is 33.0–36.0%; the alkaloid content is 0.027–0.050%.

scholarly journals Size of plots for experiments with cactus pear cv. Gigante

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno V. C. Guimarães ◽  
Sérgio L. R. Donato ◽  
Ignacio Aspiazú ◽  
Alcinei M. Azevedo ◽  
Abner J. de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Cactus Pear ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Green Mass Yield

ABSTRACT The definition of experimental plot size is an essential tool to ensure precision in statistical analysis in experiments. The objective of this study was to estimate the plot size for the cactus pear cv. Gigante using the Modified Maximum Curvature Method, under the semi-arid conditions of Northeastern Brazil. The uniformity test was conducted at the Federal Institute of Bahia, Guanambi Campus, Bahia state, Brazil, during the agricultural period from 2009 to 2011. The spatial arrangement was composed of ten rows with 50 plants each, whose evaluated area was formed by the eight central rows with 48 plants per row, making 384 plants and area of 153.60 m2. The following variables were evaluated: plant height; length, width and thickness of cladode; number of cladodes; total area of cladodes; cladode area and green mass yield in the third production cycle. In the evaluations, each plant was considered as a basic experimental unit (BEU), with an area of 0.4 m2, comprising 384 basic units (BU), whose adjacent ones were combined to form 15 pre-established plot sizes with rectangular shapes and in rows. The characteristics total area of cladodes and green mass yield require larger plot sizes to be evaluated with greater experimental accuracy. For experimental evaluation of cactus pear cv. Gigante, plot size should be eight plants in the direction of the crop row.

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