scholarly journals Evaluation of Susceptibility and Resistance of Human Infectious Bacteria and Identification of Bioactive Compounds in Pistacia atlantica, Cassia absus, and Quercus persica

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Alamholo ◽  
Yosof Amraie
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plants ◽  
Pistacia Atlantica ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Seed Extracts

Background: The antimicrobial activity of plants has long been considered an effective mechanism for controlling pathogenic microorganisms. Objectives: This study aimed to identify phytochemical compounds of the seed extracts from ethnomedicinal plants of Pistacia atlantica, Cassia absus, and Quercus persica with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and investigation of their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Methods: The seeds were collected from Lorestan Province, Iran. Their antibacterial and antiradical activities were analyzed by disk-diffusion and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assays, respectively. Ethanol (96%), methanol (80%), and distilled water extracts were obtained by the maceration method. The methanol extract was used for the analysis of chemical compositions. Results: About 40, 31, and 8 compounds were identified by GC-MS in the seeds of C. absus, P. atlantica, and Q. persica, respectively. Results indicated that 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (36.043%) and tetradecanoic acid (4.92%) were dominated in the seed extracts of C. absus. However, germacyclopetene (38.119%) and 1,2,3-benzenetriol (8.115%) were dominated in the seed extracts of P. atlantica. Furthermore, 5H-tetrazole-5-thione, 1,4-dihydro-1,4-dimethy (38.505%), and tetradecanoic acid (30.546%) were dominated in the seed extracts of Q. persica. The highest inhibitory activity against Micrococcus luteus was observed on the methanol extract of C. absus with ascorbic acid. A significant difference was observed between the Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) values of methanol extract of C. absus with ascorbic acid. Conclusion: Because of the presence of antimicrobial compounds in the tested ethnomedicinal plants, they can be used to synthesize new antimicrobial drugs in medicinal and pharmaceutical sciences.

scholarly journals Chemical profiling and antioxidant activities of essential oil from rhizomes of Acorus calamus L.

BIBECHANA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Sumnath Khanal ◽  
Devi Prasad Bhandari ◽  
Laxman Bhandari ◽  
Achyut Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Chemical Profiling ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Sweet Flag ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Dpph Scavenging Assay

Background and Aims: Acorus calamus L. is an indigenous herb in Nepal. It belongs to family Acoraceae and grows in wet land with scented rhizomes. It is also known as Sweet flag in English and commonly as Bojho in Nepal. The present investigation reveals the chemical compositions and antioxidant activity of rhizome essential oil of A. calamus. Methods: Essential oil of rhizomes of Acorus calamus L. from Kaski district, Nepal was extracted by hydrodistillation method and volatile constituents were analyzed Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry. The antioxidant potential of essential oil was analyzed by 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay. Results: A GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of β-asarone (22.38%), α-asarone (14.97%), 1-(4,6-dimethoxy-2,3-dimethylphenyl ethanone (14.24%), Isoelemicin (5.68%), cis-Methylisoeugenol (4.26%), α-calacorene (4.16%), and other 20 minor components. From DPPH assay, half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of essential oil was found to be 108.71 µg/mL. Conclusions: These findings have strengthened the A. calamus L. is good source of compounds like β-asarone, α-asarone and can be used as potential antioxidants. BIBECHANA 17 (2020) 89-95

scholarly journals Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils from Magnolia grandiflora, Chrysactinia mexicana, and Schinus molle Found in Northeast Mexico

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Guerra-Boone ◽  
Rocío Álvarez-Román ◽  
Ricardo Salazar-Aranda ◽  
Anabel Torres-Cirio ◽  
Verónica Mayela Rivas-Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Magnolia Grandiflora ◽  
Schinus Molle ◽  
Main Component

The essential oils from Magnolia grandiflora and Chrysactinia mexicana leaves, and from Schinus molle leaves and fruit, were characterized by gas chromatography/flame-ionization detection and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Twenty-eight compounds from M. grandiflora leaves were identified (representing 93.6% of the total area of the gas chromatogram), with the major component being bornyl acetate (20.9%). Colorless and yellow oils were obtained from the C. mexicana leaves with 18 (86.7%) and 11 (100%) compounds identified, respectively. In both fractions, the principal component was sylvestrene (36.8% and 41.1%, respectively). The essential oils of S. molle leaves and fruit were each separated into colorless and yellow fractions, in which 14 (98.2) and 20 (99.8%) compounds were identified. The main component was α-phellandrene in all fractions (between 32.8% and 45.0%). The M. grandiflora oil displayed antifungal activity against five dermatophyte strains. The oils from S. molle and M. grandiflora leaves had antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, which cause skin infections that potentially may lead to sepsis. However, the antioxidant activities of all oils were small (half maximal effective concentration values >250 μg/mL).

scholarly journals Interaction of Some Commercial Teas with Some Carbohydrate Metabolizing Enzymes Linked with Type-2 Diabetes: A Dietary Intervention in the Prevention of Type-2 Diabetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganiyu Oboh ◽  
Omodesola O. Ogunruku ◽  
Funke O. Ogidiolu ◽  
Adedayo O. Ademiluyi ◽  
Bukola C. Adedayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Significant Difference

This study is aimed at assessing the inhibitory effect of teas on key enzymes (α-amylase andα-glucosidase) linked with type-2 diabetes and their antioxidant properties. Four samples of three brands were used; infusions of green tea (GT), 2 brands of black tea (BT), and a formulated herbal preparation for diabetes (ADT) (white tea,Radix Puerariae,Radix ophiopogonis, hawthorn berry, Chinese yam, and fragrant Solomon seal rhizome) were prepared and subsequently analyzed for their total phenol, ascorbic acid contents, antioxidant properties (2,2-Azizobis (3-Ethylbenzo-Thiazoline~6-sulfonate) “ABTS” scavenging ability and ferric reducing antioxidant property), and inhibition of pancreatic-α-amylase and intestinal-α-glucosidasein vitro. The study revealed that GT had the highest total phenol content, ascorbic acid content, ABTS* scavenging ability, and ferric reducing ability. Furthermore, all the teas inhibited Fe2+and sodium nitroprusside induced lipid peroxidation in pancreas, with GT having the highest inhibitory effect. Conversely, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the inhibitory effects of the teas onα-amylase andα-glucosidase. The antidiabetic property of the teas could be attributed to their inhibitory effect on carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes implicated in diabetes and their antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Steam-Distilled Essential Oil and Glycosidically Bound Volatiles from Maclura Tricuspidata Fruit

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyung-Rim Yong ◽  
Yoseph Asmelash Gebru ◽  
Dae-Woon Kim ◽  
Da-Ham Kim ◽  
Hyun-Ah Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Time Out ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
First Time

Essential oil obtained from Maclura triscuspidata fruit has been reported to have functional properties. This study aimed at determining chemical compositions and antioxidant activities of steam-distilled essential oil (SDEO) and glycosidically bound aglycone fraction (GBAF) isolated from fully ripe M. triscuspidata fruit. SDEO was isolated by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction (SDE). GBAF was prepared by Amberlite XAD-2 adsorption of methanol extract, followed by methanol elution and enzymatic hydrolysis. Both fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). A total of 76 constituents were identified from both oils. Apart from fatty acids and their esters, the SDEO contained p-cresol in the highest concentration (383.5 ± 17.7), followed by δ-cadinene (147.7 ± 7.7), β-caryophyllene (145.7 ± 10.5), β-ionone (141.0 ± 4.5), n-nonanal (140.3 ± 20.5), theaspirane A (121.3 ± 4.5) and theaspirane B (99.67 ± 9.05 µg/g). Thirteen carotenoid-derived compounds identified in the SDEO are being isolated from M. triscuspidata fruit for the first time. Out of the 22 components identified in GBAF, 14 were present only in the glycosidically bound volatiles. Antioxidant activity of the GBAF was higher than that of SDEO. These results suggest that glycosidically bound volatiles of M. triscuspidata fruit have a good potential as natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Dr. PI POLYPHENOL CONTENT, PHYTOCHEMISTRY COMPOSITIONS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS FROM MARINE SPONGE AAPTOS SUBERITOIDES GROWN IN NHATRANG BAY, VIETNAM

2019 ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
DANG XUAN CUONG ◽  
VU NGOC BOI ◽  
TRAN KHAC TRI NHAN ◽  
DINH HUU DONG ◽  
THAI MINH QUANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Objective: To investigate the content and antioxidant activities of polyphenol, the correlation between polyphenol content and their antioxidant activities, and phytochemistry compositions of different extracts from marine sponge Aaptos suberitoides commonly found growing in Nhatrang bay, Vietnam orienting application into functional food and pharmacy. Methods: Evaluating the toxicity of antioxidant polyphenol powder preparing from the initial concentrated extract was by the adjusted Behrens Karber method and a correlation between polyphenol content and antioxidant activities basing on the Pearson coefficient in Excel. Separating antioxidant polyphenol content was base on solvents polarization of n-hexane, chloroform, ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-butanol which the quantification of polyphenol content and antioxidant activities, and preliminary phytochemical compositions qualitative. Results: Antioxidant polyphenol powder did not affect mice weight during the assay time of 28 d. Polyphenol content and antioxidant activities got the highest value at chloroform extract in comparison to other extracts, a significant difference (p<0.05) and strong correlation (R2>0.9). Polyphenol content (122.682 mg gallic acid equivalent ml-1), total antioxidant activity (368.183 mg ascorbic acid equivalent ml-1), reducing power activity (24.08 mg FeSO4 equivalent ml-1) and DPPH scavenging (72.48±1.54 %) were the highest values. Alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, tannins and triterpenoids existed in initial methanol extract. Weakly polarized polyphenol content was 70.27% in comparison to initial methanol extract. Conclusion: Antioxidant polyphenol of sponge Aaptos suberitoides has the potential for application into the field of functional food and pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals Assessment of Antioxidant effect of the essential oil and methanol extract of Centaurea dimorpha Viv. aerial parts from Algeria.

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Abdelwahab Belkassam ◽  
Amar Zellagui ◽  
Noureddine Gherraf ◽  
Guido Flamini ◽  
Pier Luigi Cioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Abstract The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of aerial parts of Centaurea dimorpha Viv. were analyzed by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main constituents were Caryophyllene oxide (09.88%), limonene (5.73%), tetradecanoic acid (5.68%), spathulenol (5.44%), methyl hexadecanoate (4.45%), and α-pinene (03.08%). To our best knowledge this is the first study of essential oils from the aerial parts of Centaurea dimorpha growing in Algeria. Moreover the essential oil and methanolic extract were screened for their possible in vitro antioxidant activity by DPPH free radical-scavenging test. The findings showed that the percentage inhibition is 10.67 and 77.01 respectively at a concentration of 1mole/L.

scholarly journals Interaction of Ziziphus mucronata subsp. mucronata Methanol Extract and First-Line Antibiotics is Synergistic In Vitro through Production of Reactive Oxygen Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Aderonke Ariyike Olajuyigbe ◽  
Olufunmiso Olusola Olajuyigbe ◽  
Roger Murugas Coopoosamy
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ziziphus Mucronata

With the increased incidence of antibacterial resistance in microorganisms, combining natural products from plants with antibiotics may be considered interesting alternatives for synergy to attain multitarget effects. In this study, the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of Ziziphus mucronata and its interactions with antibiotics against bacteria of clinical importance were investigated. While its phytochemicals and antioxidant activities were determined by free radical scavenging assays, the antibacterial activities of the extract and its interactions with the antibiotics were determined by macrobroth dilution and the checkerboard methods. From the results, total phenolic content was 29.67 ± 1.90 mg GAE/100 g, total flavonoid content was 8.72 ± 0.08 mg QE/100 g, and total proanthocyanidin content was 1.94 ± 0.00 mg CE/100 g of dry plant material. The inhibition concentration 50% (IC50) of DPPH, BHT, and ascorbic acid was equal to 0.04 ± 0.02 mg/ml, respectively. Those of the ABTS, BHT, and ascorbic acid were equal to 0.02 ± 0.02, 0.04 ± 0.03, and 0.04 ± 0.02 mg/ml, respectively. The checkerboard assay showed that combining the extract with different antibiotics resulted in synergistic (38.75%), indifferent (30%), additive (28.75%), and antagonistic (2.5%) interactions. The interactions between the extract and antibiotics resulting in enhanced antibacterial activities could have resulted from the antioxidant activities of the extract mopping up the ROS generated by the antibiotics or the ability of both extract and antibiotics simultaneously producing reactive oxygen species with deleterious effects resulting in synergistic antibacterial effects.

scholarly journals Liquid and Vapor Phase of Four Conifer-Derived Essential Oils: Comparison of Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Garzoli ◽  
Valentina Laghezza Masci ◽  
Valentina Caradonna ◽  
Antonio Tiezzi ◽  
Pierluigi Giacomello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Bacterial Strains

In this study, the chemical composition of the vapor and liquid phase of Pinus cembra L., Pinus mugo Turra, Picea abies L., and Abies Alba M. needles essential oils (EOs) was investigated by Headspace-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (HS-GC/MS). In the examined EOs, a total of twenty-eight components were identified, most of which belong to the monoterpenes family. α-Pinene (16.6–44.0%), β-pinene (7.5–44.7%), limonene (9.5–32.5%), and γ-terpinene (0.3–19.7%) were the most abundant components of the liquid phase. Such major compounds were also detected in the vapor phase of all EOs, and α-pinene reached higher relative percentages than in the liquid phase. Then, both the liquid and vapor phases were evaluated in terms of antibacterial activity against three Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Acinetobacter bohemicus) and two Gram-positive bacteria (Kocuria marina and Bacillus cereus) using a microwell dilution assay, disc diffusion assay, and vapor phase test. The lowest Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) (13.28 mg/mL) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) (26.56 mg/mL) values, which correspond to the highest antibacterial activities, were reported for P. abies EO against A. bohemicus and for A. alba EO against A. bohemicus and B. cereus. The vapor phase of all the tested EOs was more active than liquid phase, showing the inhibition halos from 41.00 ± 10.15 mm to 80.00 ± 0.00 mm for three bacterial strains (A. bohemicus, K. marina, and B. cereus). Furthermore, antioxidant activities were also investigated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis (3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assays, and a concentration-dependent antioxidant capacity for all EOs was found. P. mugo EO showed the best antioxidant activity than the other Pinaceae EOs. The four Pinaceae EOs could be further investigated for their promising antibacterial and antioxidant properties, and, in particular, α-pinene seems to have interesting possibilities for use as a novel natural antibacterial agent.

scholarly journals Identification of chemical compositions in some medicinal plants by GC/MS analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-172
Author(s):  
S. Mohammadi ◽  
◽  
Kh. Piri ◽  
M. Dinarvand ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Potential Sources

Medicinal plantsused in treatment of diseases earlier times, are potential sources of new drugs. In this study, chemical compositions of Echium khuzestanicum, Marrubium anisodan and Echinops cephalotes were identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC/MS).M.anisodanand E.cephalotes aerial organs and E.khuzistanicum flowers were extracted by maceration method. According to the results, 46 kinds of chemical compounds found in methanol extract of E.khuzestanicum. There are mucilage, fatty acids, flavonoid and diterpenes in the flower of E.khuzestanicum. Seventy sixkinds of chemical compounds were found in methanol extract of E.cephalotesincludingaldehydes (7.9%), phenols (7.5%), fatty acids (5.8%) and furfural (5.4%)and86 kinds of chemical compounds found in M.anisodan extract. Furfural, steroids, vitamin B and flavonoids are the main compounds of M.anisodan.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THERMAL PROCESSING ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS, BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF COWPEA CULTIVARS

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1050-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
RODRIGO BARBOSA MONTEIRO CAVALCANTE ◽  
MARCOS ANTÔNIO DA MOTA ARAÚJO ◽  
MAURISRAEL DE MOURA ROCHA ◽  
REGILDA SARAIVA DOS REIS MOREIRA-ARAÚJO
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Student’S T

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the effect of cooking on the centesimal compositions, the content of bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activities in beans of the cowpea cultivars. The beans were cooked without soaking (1:5 w/v) in a pressure cooker for 780 seconds. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test to determine the difference between means of raw and cooked beans. One-way ANOVA: post-hoc Tukey’s test was applied at 5% to compare the data of the cultivars. Significant difference (p 0.05) was noted between the moisture contents of samples, with values ranging from 10.69 to 11.37% in the raw beans and 63.32 to 75.43% in the cooked ones. Only BRS Marataoã showed a slight reduction (1.24%) in the energy value. The total polyphenol content in cooked beans decreased on discarding the broth. BRS Marataoã showed the highest levels of total polyphenols and flavonoids in raw beans, cooked beans, and broth. The raw beans of the cultivar BRS Itaim had greater content of condensed tannins and total anthocyanins. The raw beans, cooked beans, and broth showed statistically significant differences between their antioxidant activities, and the best results were found in the samples not subjected to thermal processing, particularly in BRS Marataoã. In conclusion, cooking influenced the concentration of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of the beans. Therefore, it is recommended that cooked cowpea beans should be consumed with the cooking broth for optimization of antioxidants.

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