scholarly journals Implications of Ethnography Research Method in Educational and Health Studies

Author(s):  
Maryam Kian ◽  
Dennis Beach

Background: Studies in educational and health research are sometimes accompanied by the adoption of a qualitative research approach. Qualitative research claims to achieve natural and first-hand data in a variety of ways. In this regard, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ethnography method in educational and health research. Methods: An analytical-deductive method and analysis of the research experiences of the authors of this paper, whose field was often qualitative, were used. Accordingly, the reliable sources as well as the background studies of the researchers were analyzed. Results: The findings showed that ethnography in education can provide insights into in-depth analysis of the beliefs, values, and experiences about school or university trends. Also, ethnography in health research can lead to the results such as improving health care, modifying high-risk behaviors, timely prevention, managing stress in the face of illness, emphasizing sensitivity of local communities, health knowledge generation and, in general, influencing the health policies in society. Conclusion: Given the importance of ethnography in obtaining first-hand and in-depth results, it is recommended to provide appropriate awareness and application of the method among the research policies by the ministry of science and health.

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1163-1169
Author(s):  
Felipe Rafael Valle Díaz ◽  
Freddy Vega Loayza ◽  
Jorge Gutiérrez Mendoza ◽  
Yescenia Salazar Flores ◽  
Juan Daniel Morocho Ruíz

ABSTRACT The main purpose of this research article is to explain the deficiencies in the process of assigning the 380 pen bond by the Peruvian government to vulnerable people as a strategy in the face of the COVID 19 pandemic. To do this, a qualitative research approach is used , having as emphasis an investigation of a documentary nature based on opinions, accounts, various documents and presidential message, issued during the month of March 2020, within the framework of the first four weeks of the quarantine approved and applied in Peru by the Peruvian government of President Martín Vizcarra Cornejo and whose strategy focuses on social isolation, to face the COVID 19 pandemic. Among the main conclusions of this article, it is highlighted that a reformulation of the recruitment, enumeration, evaluation and accreditation strategy of the condition of poor or extremely poor of a home is required, which should not be under the focus of requesting household demand. On the other hand, it is important to develop an information system focused exclusively on these households, which would allow a better identification of their progress in terms of their socioeconomic status. Lastly, it is necessary to develop permanent employment programs for vulnerable populations accompanied by programs or training in financial education that promote the culture of savings and links with the financial system, in such a way, in the face of a future incidence such as COVID 19, the Attention to those homes that are most needy by the State is timely and efficient. El presente artículo de investigación tiene como propósito central explicar las deficiencias en el proceso de asignación del bono de 380 pen por el gobierno peruano hacia pobladores en situación de vulnerabilidad como estrategia ante la pandemia COVID 19. Para ello, se utiliza un enfoque de investigación cualitativo, teniendo como énfasis una investigación de carácter documental sobre la base de opiniones, relatos, documentos diversos y mensaje presidencial, emitidos durante el mes de marzo 2020, en el marco de las cuatro primeras semanas de la cuarentena aprobada y aplicada en el Perú por el gobierno peruano del presidente Martín Vizcarra Cornejo y cuya estrategia se centra en el aislamiento social, para hacer frente a la pandemia COVID 19. Dentro de las principales conclusiones del presente artículo se destaca que se requiere de una reformulación de la estrategia de captación, empadronamiento, evaluación y acreditación de la condición de pobre o pobre extremo de un hogar, la cual no debería quedar bajo el enfoque de solicitud de demanda del hogar. De otra parte, resulta importante el desarrollo de un sistema de información focalizado exclusivamente a estos hogares el cual permitiría una mejor identificación de su avance en materia de su estado socioeconómico. Por último, resulta necesario desarrollar programas de empleo permanente hacia poblaciones vulnerables acompañado de programas o capacitación en materia de educación financiera que fomenten la cultura del ahorro y vinculación con el sistema financiero, de tal manera, ante una futura incidencia como el COVID 19, la atención de aquellos hogares efectivamente más necesitados por parte del Estado sea oportuna y eficiente.  


Author(s):  
Abayomi Alase

As a research methodology, qualitative research method infuses an added advantage to the exploratory capability that researchers need to explore and investigate their research studies. Qualitative methodology allows researchers to advance and apply their interpersonal and subjectivity skills to their research exploratory processes. However, in a study with an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach, the advantageous elements of the study quadruple because of the bonding relationship that the approach allows for the researchers to develop with their research participants. Furthermore, as a qualitative research approach, IPA gives researchers the best opportunity to understand the innermost deliberation of the ‘lived experiences’ of research participants. As an approach that is ‘participant-oriented’, interpretative phenomenological analysis approach allows the interviewees (research participants) to express themselves and their ‘lived experience’ stories the way they see fit without any distortion and/or prosecution. Therefore, utilizing the IPA approach in a qualitative research study reiterates the fact that its main objective and essence are to explore the ‘lived experiences’ of the research participants and allow them to narrate the research findings through their ‘lived experiences’. As such, this paper discusses the historical background of phenomenology as both a theory and a qualitative research approach, an approach that has transitioned into an interpretative analytical tradition. Furthermore, as a resource tool to novice qualitative researchers, this paper provides a step-by-step comprehensive guide to help prepare and equip researchers with ways to utilize and apply the IPA approach in their qualitative research studies.  More importantly, this paper also provides an advanced in-depth analysis and usability application for the IPA approach in a qualitatively conducted research study. As such, this paper completely contrasted itself from many books and articles that are written with the premise of providing useful and in-depth information on the subject-matter (phenomenology, as a qualitative approach).


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addie K. Martindale ◽  
Charity Armstead ◽  
Ellen McKinney

As the COVID-19 pandemic emerged, a widespread shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) specifically N95 face masks were exposed. This need was quickly answered by home sewers who did not hesitate to answer the request of medical professionals to help fill the PPE shortage. As the United States entered a national quarantine, home sewers turned to social media, specifically Instagram to share their participation and communicate the need to recruit others to join them in their mask sewing efforts. This research aimed to interpret the Instagram post messages shared to understand the motivations of participation in mask sewing efforts. Social media hashtags were used to identify the messages related to home sewing face masks for the pandemic. A netnographic qualitative research approach uncovered five overarching themes: this is helping me, call to action, do it right, rising to the occasion and I’m ready for this.


2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 160940691876341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria F. Burns ◽  
Mary Ellen Macdonald ◽  
Franco A. Carnevale

Increasingly, it is becoming evident that qualitative research methodologies have much to contribute to producing health knowledge. Notwithstanding such advances, some would say the “paradigm war” continues, privileging postpositivist epistemologies. Our own experiences working within a post-positivist-dominated health research arena inspired the implementation of an “Epistemological Boot Camp” qualitative research training series. The central goal of the boot camp was to query the hypothesis that we are still in a paradigmatic “war zone” while imagining productive ways to both survive and thrive in the current climate. Moving forward, our hope is that our boot camp methodology can inspire other scholars to develop creative local initiatives that provide a platform to work toward recognizing the unique contributions of qualitative health research.


2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. S108-S109
Author(s):  
Carine Khalil ◽  
Welmoed van Deen ◽  
Taylor Dupuy ◽  
Nirupama Bonthala ◽  
Christopher Almario ◽  
...  

Mousaion ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samson Mutsagondo ◽  
Getrude Maduyu ◽  
Godfrey Tsvuura

This paper discusses the challenges of records management that arise from the use of adapted buildings as records centres in Zimbabwe, despite the advantages of using such buildings. A qualitative research approach was used as well as a case study research design. Data were collected from seven officers of the Gweru Records Centre through semi-structured interviews. Personal observation was used to triangulate findings from interviews. It was found that the use of adapted buildings as records centres was a cheaper and quicker way of establishing records centres throughout the country. However, a number of preservation, security and management challenges cropped up as the conditions of the buildings and the environment of the adapted buildings were not conducive to the proper and professional management of records. This study is important in that it explores the prospects and challenges of using adapted buildings as records centres in Zimbabwe, an area that has not been researched by many authors. This provokes archival authorities and the government to seriously consider establishing purpose-built records and archival centres.


Author(s):  
Dasari Tejaswini ◽  
Suhas Kulkarni ◽  
Dolar Doshi ◽  
Adepu Srilatha

AbstractBackgroundAesthetic alterations in the face can be self-perceived and can affect quality of life in young adults.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of malocclusion on self- perceived oro-facial behaviour among young adults.MethodsA Cross sectional study was conducted among 638 young adults (aged 18–21 years) of Hyderabad city. One college from each of the five zones of the Hyderabad city (five colleges) were selected by simple random sampling procedure. A 21-item Oro-facial investment scale (OFIS) questionnaire assessing self-perceived oral health knowledge, attitude, practice and Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) assessing the severity of malocclusion was used. Data were analysed with standard statistical software (SPSS, Statistical package for the social sciences, version 20.0). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsMales had higher mean scores for knowledge (2.90 ± 0.49) than females (2.73 ± 0.82) and was statistically significant (p = 0.002*). No statistically significant gender differences were found in relation to attitude and practice. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was a significant difference in all the three scores (knowledge, attitude, practice) with respect to age, with significantly high score for knowledge and practice among 18 year old subjects (p = 0.0001*; p = 0.0003* respectively) and attitude among 21 year old subjects (p = 0.0049*). No statistically significant age, gender differences were found in relation to DAI scores. Upon correlation, DAI significantly and positively correlated with knowledge (p = 0.03*) and attitude (p = 0.0001*).ConclusionThis study has shown significant impact of malocclusion on the self-perceived oro-facial behaviour.


2005 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jelsma ◽  
S. Clow

Qualitative research or naturalistic research has moved from the sidelines into the mainstream of health research and an increasing number of qualitative research proposals are being presented for ethical review Qualitative research presents ethical problems that which are unique to the intensive hands-on paradigm which characterises naturalistic research. This paper briefly outlines the most common methodologies used in this research. The four ethical principles of benevolence, non-maleficence, autonomy and justice will be used as a framework to explore specific ethical issues related to this form of inquiry. The need for scientific rigour will also be explored as research that is scientifically unsound can never be ethical.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ming Luo ◽  
Chi Fung Lam ◽  
Ben Haobin Ye

Entertainment tourism is attracting attention from the industry and the academics. This study aimed to discover the barriers for the development of entertainment tourism in Macau from the industry’s perspective. A qualitative research approach was used to collect data from the entertainment tourism industry. Results show that policies and regulations, economy, marketing, management, government attitude, expertise and manpower, facilities and attractions as well as infrastructure problems are the main barriers for the development of entertainment tourism. Implications and suggestions for entertainment tourism practitioners are provided.


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