scholarly journals Candida albicans and Napkin Dermatitis: Relationship and Lesion Severity Correlation

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Amani Hussein Karsani ◽  
Abdullateef A. Alzolibani ◽  
Yasser Farouq ◽  
Khalid Zedan ◽  
Mohammed Mohsen Alotaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diaper Dermatitis ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Lesion Severity

Introduction: Napkin Dermatitis (ND) is a common problem in infancy that affects almost every child during the early months and years of their lifetime. It is a skin disease that becomes a challenge for both parents and physicians because of its frequency and difficulty in eliminating all of the causative factors in diapered infants. Usually Napkin dermatitis is self-limiting but when associated with Candida albicans (C. albicans) seems to be moderate to severe.Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the colonization of C. albicans in children with Napkin dermatitis and to correlate between intensity of C. albicans colonization and the severity of napkin rash.Patients and Methods: This case-controlled study was conducted at Qassim University pediatric outpatient clinics, during the period from August 2014 to July 2015. Sixty patients with diaper dermatitis and 33 healthy controls were enrolled to this study. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from the parents of each participant using questionnaires Paired (stool and skin) samples were collected from all cases and healthy control children. The samples were cultured on differential and selective chromogenic medium for isolation and initial identification of candida species. Identification confirmation of the isolates was determined by the Vitek 2 compact automated system.Results: Diaper dermatitis shows significant outcome to washing diaper area (per day) (P=0.001), History of diarrhea last 7 Days (P˂0.001), skin lab results (+/-) for Candida albicans, (P˂0.001), skin colony count, (P˂0.001), However, there is no correlation to age (P=0.828), gender (P=0.368) and feeding style (P=0.401).Conclusion: The severity score of napkin dermatitis was significantly observed among cases with diaper dermatitis (p-value<0.001) and control children (p-value<0.001) respectively.Keywords: Candida albicans; Napkin dermatitis; Diaper dermatitis; Vitek 2 compact system; Qassim.

scholarly journals Analisis Kondisi Lingkungan pada Kejadian Leptospirosis di Kabupaten Banyumas dengan Pendekatan Spasial

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Miftakhul Janah ◽  
Dwi Sarwani Sri Rejeki ◽  
Sri Nurlaela
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Residential Land ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Residential Land Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spatial Grouping ◽  
And Control

Abstract. Leptospirosis is still becoming a public health problem in Indonesia. Banyumas was oneof the highest cases in Central Java by 2019 so it could be potentially endemic. GIS (GeographicInformation System) is used to determine spatial patt erns related to the environment. This researchaimed to know the distribution and spatial grouping of leptospirosis in Banyumas 2019. The type ofthis research is an observational study with a cross-sectional spatial analysis design to observe thespreading and grouping patt ern. The subjects of this study were 140 leptospirosis cases in Banyumas2019. House coordinate was collected by using GPS (Global Positioning System). The data collectionis done for a month. Data Analyzes was performed through ArcGIS 10.2, and SaTScan 9.7. Thedistribution of leptospirosis in Banyumas was spread over 14 districts, 45% cases in Cilongok, 25,71%cases were >56 years old, 62,1% cases were male, 40% cases were farmers. The results of the spatialanalysis showed 77.14% cases in residential land use areas, 70% cases with moderate populationdensity (5.00-1.249 people/km²), 62.85% cases in 0-199 altitude, 63.57% cases with low rainfall 500meters, and signifi cant grouping patt ern with p-value = 0.009 primary which is located in Cilongokand Ajibarang. Leptospirosis spread over in residential land use areas, moderate population density,low altitude, low rainfall, no history of fl ooding, a radius of river 500 meters, and occurs clusteringin Cilongok and Ajibarang. The location intervention of leptospirosis prevention and control can beprioritized in these areas.

scholarly journals Dietary determinant of severe acute malnutrition among infants: Evidence from a case controlled study at a Central Indian district

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavan Pandey ◽  
Shivendra Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

Breast feeding and complementary feeding practices ultimately determine the nutritional status of newborn at the end of infancy. The objective of the present study was to find the possible causes of malnutrition in context of breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices adopted by families of infants aged 6-12 month old. A community-based, unmatched, case-controlled study was conducted involving 78 cases and 156 controls in the Raisen district of Madhya Pradesh, India. The study included infants aged 6- 12 months who were enrolled in the Integrated Child Development Scheme. Cases and controls were selected through a multi-staged sampling strategy. Cases were those with severe acute malnutrition and controls were those with no malnutrition as per the World Health Organization criteria. Data related to the breastfeeding, pre-lacteal feeding and complementary feeding practices were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were carried out. P-value and Odds ratios were calculated. The proportion of exclusive breastfeeding among cases and control was 10.3% and 24.4% respectively. The high odds of malnutrition were related to lack of exclusively breastfeeding [COR(95% CI) = 4.69(2.50- 6.53)], lack of feeding semisolid food, less frequent complementary feedings [COR(95% CI) = 5.69(3.01- 8.93)], lack of hand washing by caregivers [COR(95% CI) =2.44 (1.10-3.19)], and lack of use of disinfected drinking water for infants. Proper health education should be imparted not only to mothers but also other family members involved in the child’s care.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.6(1) 2016: 32-39

Isolation, identification and susceptibility pattern of Gardnerella vaginalis in bacterial vaginosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shameem Akhter ◽  
Humayun Sattar ◽  
Ruhul Amin Miah ◽  
Ahmed Abu Saleh ◽  
Sharmeen Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
History Of ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Discharge ◽  
And Control

Bacterial vaginosis is the commonest cause of abnormal vaginal discharge in women of reproductive age. A total 200 women aged 15- 45 years with history of abnormal vaginal discharge were included as study population. Fifty women without such history of discharge were taken as healthy control. Two vaginal swab samples were taken from each case and control. These swab samples were subjected to test by Gram stain (Nugent method) and culture. 21.5 % of the cases were diagnosed as bacterial vaginosis by Gram stain (Nugent method) and 21 % by culture. Clindamycin was susceptible to G. vaginalis in (90.5%) followed by metronidazol (76.1 %), chloramphenicol (71.4 %) and erythromycin (66.7 %). Out of 50 cases of recurrent bacterial vaginosis, G. vaginalis was isolated from 15 (30 %) cases, of which 5 (33.3 %) were sensitive and 10 (66.7 %) were resistant to metronidazol, while all 15 cases were sensitive to clindamycin.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v5i1.15814 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2011; 05 (01): 8-11

scholarly journals Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension among Young and Middle-Aged Adults: Results from a Community-Based Survey in Rural Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Alfa J. Muhihi ◽  
Amani Anaeli ◽  
Rose N. M. Mpembeni ◽  
Bruno F. Sunguya ◽  
Germana Leyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Table Salt ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Rural Tanzania ◽  
History Of ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
And Control

Background. Hypertension, which is the single most important risk factor for CVDs, is increasing at an alarming rate in most developing countries. This study estimated the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among young and middle-aged adults in rural Morogoro, Tanzania. Furthermore, it explored factors associated with both prevalence and awareness of hypertension. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted as part of the cluster randomized controlled study of community health workers (CHWs) interventions for reduction of blood pressure in a randomly selected sample of young and middle-aged population in rural Morogoro. Sociodemographics, lifestyle-related factors, history of diagnosis, and treatment for hypertension were collected using a questionnaire adopted from the STEPS survey tool. Blood pressure, height, and weight were measured at home following standard procedures. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess determinants of hypertension and awareness. Result. The prevalence of hypertension was 29.3% (95% CI: 27.7–31.0). Among individuals with hypertension, only 34.3% were aware of their hypertension status. Only around one-third (35.4%) of those who were aware of their hypertension status were currently on antihypertensive medication. Hypertension control was attained in only 29.9% among those on medications. Older age (p<0.001), use of raw table salt (p<0.001), and being overweight/obese (p<0.001) were associated with hypertension. Predictors of awareness of hypertension status were older age, being a female, higher socioeconomic status, use of raw table salt, a history of diabetes, and overweight/obesity (all p<0.001). Alcohol drinking was associated with low awareness for hypertension status (p<0.001). Conclusion. There is high prevalence of hypertension with low rates of awareness, treatment, and control among young and middle-aged adults in rural Tanzania. Community-level health promotion and screening campaigns for hypertension and other CVD risk factors should be intensified.

scholarly journals Nematode–Microbe Complexes in Soils Replanted with Apple

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Xorla Kanfra ◽  
Andreas Wrede ◽  
Julia Moll ◽  
Holger Heuer
Keyword(s):  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Apple Replant Disease ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time ◽  
Disease Complexes

Apple replant disease is a severe problem in orchards and tree nurseries. Evidence for the involvement of a nematode–microbe disease complex was reported. To search for this complex, plots with a history of apple replanting, and control plots cultivated for the first time with apple were sampled in two fields in two years. Shoot weight drastically decreased with each replanting. Amplicon sequencing of the nematode community and co-extracted fungal and bacterial communities revealed significant differences between replanted and control plots. Free-living nematodes of the genera Aphelenchus and Cephalenchus and an unidentified Dorylaimida were associated with replanted plots, as indicated by linear discriminant analysis effect size. Among the co-extracted fungi and bacteria, Mortierella and Methylotenera were most indicative of replanting. Some genera, mostly Rhabditis, Streptomyces and a fungus belonging to the Chaetomiaceae indicated healthy control plots. Isolating and investigating the putative disease complexes will help to understand and alleviate stress-induced root damage of apple in replanted soil.

scholarly journals Dysmenorrhea among students in Yaounde, Cameroon: associated factors and socio-cultural aspects

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3339
Author(s):  
Jeanne Hortence Fouedjio ◽  
Florent Ymele Fouelifack ◽  
Jovanny Tsuala Fouogue ◽  
Lionel Etame ◽  
Loic Dongmo Fouelifa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
P Value ◽  
Women Authors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

Background: Dysmenorrhea is very common disorder. It affects the quality of life and is the main cause of school absenteeism’s among teenagers. The goal of this study was to determine socio-cultural aspects of dysmenorrhea among students in Yaounde and factors associated with it.Methods: Authors carried out a cross sectional analytic study in 2 secondary schools and a higher institute in Yaounde, from December 1, 2017 to June 30, 2018 (7 months). Authors included all students aged at least 15, in form 5 and above. In the higher institute, sampling was consecutive, while it was stratified into 2 clusters in the secondary schools.  Odds ratios were determined to assess association between variables and P-value ˂0.05 was considered significant.Results: Of the 1059 participants, 800 had dysmenorrhea (prevalence: 75.5%). Mean age was 18.88±3.62 years (range: 15-45 years). Family history of dysmenorrhea (OR: 4.20 (95% CI: 3.02-5.83)) and stress ((OR: 2.16 (95% CI: 1.55 - 3.02)) were significantly associated with dysmenorrhea. A duration of menses ≤3 days was protective ((OR: 0.31 (95% CI: 0.12-0.82)). Dysmenorrhea remains a taboo for 23.6% of participants.Conclusions: Family history of dysmenorrhea and stress are risk factors for dysmenorrhea which remains a taboo for almost a fourth of affected women. Authors recommend educating women about dysmenorrhea and control psycho-social stress.

EFFECT OF YOGIC LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION ON ANGINAL EPISODES IN CAD PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
Priyank Rastogi ◽  
Tungvir Singh Arya ◽  
Abha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
T Test ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Conventional Drug ◽  
Yoga Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND: There has been an alarming increase in the prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) worldwide and is a leading cause of mortality in India. Yoga is emerging as a signicant tool in managing the disease. OBJECTIVES:The study was conducted to nd out the effect of yogic lifestyle modication on anginal episodes in CAD patients. METHODS: This prospective, controlled study included the CAD patients between the ages 30 to 70 years who were randomised to yoga group (group A, n=51) and control group (group B, n=51). They were assessed clinically on the basis of number of anginal episodes per week. The yoga group patients were prescribed a family based yoga programme in addition to the conventional drug treatment for CAD. The control group received conventional drug therapy alone. The patients were assessed at baseline and thereafter, at the end of 6 months. RESULTS: The number of anginal episodes per week reduced signicantly by 25.40% in the yoga group vis-à-vis the control group at the end of six months (independent t-test p-value<0.01). It was also inferred from the study that while at baseline, there was no statistically signicant difference between the yoga and control groups (independent t-test p-value>0.05), the difference became signicant at the end of six months (independent t-test p-value<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, we witnessed a substantial and signicant effect of yogic lifestyle intervention in decreasing the number of anginal episodes per week in CAD patients thereby reducing the morbidity associated with the disease considerably

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Kematian Ibu

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 453
Author(s):  
Nurul Aeni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) di Kabupaten Pati bergerak fluktuatif dan menunjukkan status tertinggi pada tahun 2011 dengan 126 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan kematian ibu di Kabupaten Pati dan menganalisis faktor risiko kematian maternal di Kabupaten Pati Tahun 2011. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan observasional analitik dengan metode kasus kontrol. Jumlah sampel adalah 24 untuk setiap kelompok kasus dan kelompok kontrol. Analisis data menggunakan uji univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil dari penelitian adalah tiga penyebab utama kematian ibu di Kabupaten Pati adalah penyakit jantung, preeklamsi/eklamsi, dan perdarahan. Kematian ibu tersebar di 16 kecamatan dari 21 kecamatan yang ada dan sebagian besar kematian terjadi pada masa nifas. Analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kematian ibu adalah komplikasi kehamilan (OR = 12,198, nilai p = 0,010), komplikasi persalinan (OR = 9,94, nilai p = 0,020) dan riwayat penyakit (OR = 27,735, nilai p = 0,011). Secara bersama-sama, ketiga variabel tersebut berkontribusi terhadap 64,3% kematian ibu yang terjadi di Kabupaten Pati Tahun 2011.Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of Pati Regency fluctuated and showed the highest state in 2011 with 126 per 100.000 live births. This research aimed to describe maternal mortality cases in Pati Regency and to analyze risk factors of maternal mortality happened in 2011. This research used observational analysis, i.e. cases control study. The number of samples was 24 in each of case group and control group. Data was analyzed with univariate, bivariate, and multivariate. This research resulted that three major causes of maternal mortality were heart disease, preeclampsia/eclampsia, and hemorrhage. Maternal mortality spread on 16 from 21 sub-districts on Pati Regency and the majority of them happened in post delivery period. Logistic regression analysis concluded that risk factors influenced maternal mortality were pregnancy complication (OR = 12.198, p value = 0.010), delivery complication (OR = 9.94, p value = 0.020) and history of illness (OR = 27.735, p value = 0.011). Collectively, those variables contributed to 64.3% of maternal mortality in Pati Regency 2011.

scholarly journals Screening of Mutations and Polymorphisms in the Glucokinase Gene in Czech Diabetic and Healthy Control Populations

2008 ◽  
pp. S99-S108
Author(s):  
P Lukášová ◽  
J Včelák ◽  
M Vaňková ◽  
D Vejražková ◽  
K Andělová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Novel Mutation ◽  
Pathogenic Mutation ◽  
Glucokinase Gene ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Flanking Regions

Glucokinase (GCK) plays a key role in glucose metabolism. GCK mutations are known as a pathogenic cause of maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2 (MODY2). These mutations are also found in gestational diabetics. The aim of our study was to assess the variability of the GCK gene in the Czech diabetic and control populations. We screened all 10 exons specific for the pancreatic isoform of glucokinase (1a and 2-10) including the intron flanking regions in 722 subjects (in 12 patients with an unrecognised type of MODY and their 10 family members, 313 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), 141 gestational diabetics (GDM), 130 healthy offspring of diabetic parents, and 116 healthy controls without family history of DM2). In two MODY families we identified two mutations in exon 2 of the GCK gene: a novel mutation Val33Ala and the previously described mutation Glu40Lys. In other subgroups (excluding MODY families) we detected only intronic variants and previously described polymorphisms in exons 6 (Tyr215Tyr) and 7 (Ser263Ser), we did not find any known GCK pathogenic mutation. We observed no difference in the frequencies of GCK polymorphisms between Czech diabetic (DM2, GDM) and non-diabetic populations.

Parasuicide: Interaction between Inadequate Parenting and Recent Interpersonal Stress

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derrick Silove ◽  
Grahame George ◽  
Vadali Bhavani-Sankaram
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Study ◽  
Interpersonal Stress ◽  
Family Adversity ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
The Face ◽  
Overprotective Parenting ◽  
History Of ◽  
Predominantly Female ◽  
And Control

We report a controlled study in which we searched for links between early family adversity and recent interpersonal stress in parasuicidal patients. Our subjects reported fewer adverse experiences in childhood than did the younger, predominantly female, patients investigated in previous studies. Nevertheless, 47% of our parasuicidal group, as compared to 19% of control subjects, reported a sequential pattern of relationship difficulties starting in childhood. The pattern of early exposure to neglectful and overprotective parenting followed by recent conflict or separations in adulthood was found to discriminate most clearly between the parasuicidal and control groups. We suggest that factors such as low self-esteem, a sense of helplessness in the face of adversity and an abiding insecurity in intimate relationships may variously account for this heightened vulnerability. We conclude that a history of adverse relationships beginning in childhood should alert primary care-givers to the risk of suicidal behaviour in patients who are exposed to distressing separations or interpersonal conflict.

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