scholarly journals Determination of Normal and Variant Hemoglobin using Capillary Electrophoresis among Voluntary Blood Donors in North Central Nigeria: Implications on Blood Transfusion Services

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Idayat Adenike Durotoye ◽  
Adekunle Ganiyu Salaudeen ◽  
Emmanuel Oladipo Sanni ◽  
Abiola Samuel Babatunde ◽  
Adekunle Kabir Durowade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Variant Hemoglobin ◽  
Hemoglobin Variants

Background: Voluntary non-remunerated blood donation is a strategy adopted by World Health Organization aimed at ensuring safety and adequacy of blood supply. Sub-Saharan Africa has a high prevalence of hemoglobin disorders and therefore needs to adopt stringent measures in donor selection to ensure safety for the recipient of blood transfusion. This study aimed to analyze normal and variant hemoglobin among voluntary blood donors. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 100 prospective blood donors including 55 (55%) males and 45 (45%) females, aged 18–34 years were recruited. Capillary electrophoresis using the Minicap system was used for determining the hemoglobin variants in alkaline buffer (PH 9.4). Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20 and p-value < 0.05 was considered as the level of significance Results: The mean age of the participants was 22.23 ± 3.3 SD years. The proportion of participants with genotype AA was 67 (67%), those with AS were 17 (22 %), while those with AC were 11 (11 %). While Hb A ≥ 90% was noted in 67 (67%) blood donors, Hb S was seen in 22 (22%) and Hb A2 > 3.5% in 57 (57%). Hb F > 2% was observed in 3% of the studied participants Conclusion: Variant hemoglobin is common among blood donors and this should be taken into consideration whenever blood is being crossmatched for recipients of blood transfusion. Data from this study will be useful in raising awareness and genetic counseling. Keywords: prevalence, hemoglobin variants, capillary electrophoresis

scholarly journals Prévalence de la syphilis chez les donneurs de sang à la Banque du Sang d’Abéché au Tchad

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1085-1092
Author(s):  
Djamalladine Mahamat Doungous ◽  
Abdelsalam Adoum Doutoum ◽  
Adawaye Chatte ◽  
Richard Laougangta Dounbe ◽  
Elysée Gondimo Gabdibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Prise En Charge ◽  
Afrique Subsaharienne ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transfusion Sanguine

En Afrique subsaharienne, les infections transmissibles par la transfusion sanguine comme la syphilis sont très répandues, avec une prévalence pouvant atteindre 25% chez les donneurs de sang. La présente étude avait pour objectif de déterminer la prévalence de la syphilis chez les donneurs de sang au niveau de la Banque du Sang d’Abéché. Nous avons mené une étude transversale à visée descriptive, qui s’est déroulée de mai à août 2017. Les échantillons de sang des donneurs ont été testés par immunochromatographie pour la détection des anticorps anti-tréponémiques (Biomnis®). Sur 789 donneurs de sang inclus dans l’étude, la prévalence de la syphilis était de 4,9 %. Les donneurs étaient à 96,1% de sexe masculin et 3,9% de sexe féminin. Cette prévalence était plus élevée chez les sujets âgés de [21-30] ans, chez les femmes, les donneurs non scolarisés, divorcés et les domestiques/ménagères habitant la zone d’Abéché urbaine. Ces résultats montrent qu’il est nécessaire de mettre en place une politique de suivi et de prise en charge médicale des donneurs de sang atteints de la syphilis.Mots clés: Transfusion sanguine, receveurs, Treponema pallidum, don de sang.   English Title: Prevalence of syphilis in blood donors at Abéché blood bank in ChadIn sub-Saharan Africa, infections transmitted by blood transfusion such as syphilis are widespread, with prevalence up to 25% in blood donors. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of syphilis in blood donors at the Blood Bank of Abéché. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which ran from May to August 2017. Donor blood samples were tested by immunochromatography for the detection of anti-treponemal antibodies (Biomnis®). Of the 789 blood donors included in the study, the prevalence of syphilis was 4.9%. Donors were 96.1% male and 3.9% female. This prevalence was higher in subjects aged [21-30] years, women, out-of-school, divorced and domestic / household donors living in the urban Abéché area. These results shows that it is necessary to set up a policy of monitoring and medical care of blood donors with syphilis.Keywords: Blood transfusion, recipients, Treponema pallidum, blood donation.

scholarly journals Transfusion-Transmitted Infections and associated risk factors at the Northern Zone Blood Transfusion Center in Tanzania: A study of blood donors between 2017 and 2019

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0249061
Author(s):  
Alex Mremi ◽  
James J. Yahaya ◽  
Mramba Nyindo ◽  
Edson Mollel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transfusion Center ◽  
Blood Transfusion Center ◽  
Northern Zone ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background Blood transfusion saves many people every year that would otherwise have died. The present study aimed to provide an update and insightful information regarding prevalence of the common Transfusion-Transmitted Infections (TTIs) and associated factors among blood donors in Tanzania. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving retrospectively collected data of blood donors from the Tanzania Northern Zone Blood Transfusion Center between 2017 and 2019. Descriptive statistics were performed to describe characteristics of the blood donors. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine association between prevalence of TTIs and socio-demographic factors. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 101, 616 blood donors were included in the present study of which 85,053(83.7%) were males while 16,563 (16.3%) were females. Of all participants, the majority 45,400 (44.7%) were aged between 18 and 25 years; 79,582 (78.3%) were voluntary non-remunerated donors while 22,034 (21.7%) were replacement donors. The vast majority of them 99,626 (98%) were first time blood donors while 1990 (2%) were multiple donors. The overall prevalence of TTIs was 10.1% (10,226 out of 101,616) of which the leading was HBV accounting for 5.1% (5,264 out of 101,616). Being a replacement donor was associated with all the four types of TTIs: HIV (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.10–1.35), HBV (AOR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.27–1.44), HCV (AOR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.12–1.46), and syphilis (AOR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.20–1.48). Conclusions Our study has demonstrated that Tanzania has relatively high prevalence of TTIs compared to some countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. HBV infection seems to be the most common infection among blood donors and replacement blood donors are at a higher risk of harboring the commonest TTIs among blood donors.

scholarly journals Blood Transfusion Service and Hospital Blood Rotation: The Implications on Transfusion Safety in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
O D Damulak ◽  
E D Jatau ◽  
E Ekam ◽  
E Rumji ◽  
R Yakubu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Blood Transfusion Service ◽  
First Time

Blood donation is not readily an altruistic sacrifice in sub-Saharan Africa where microbial infections, maternal haemorrhages, malaria and other tropical diseases that frequently require blood transfusion are daily diagnoses. Blood transfusion safety is hindered by the combined prevailing high rate of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections (TTIs) and poor screening techniques. This study determined the rate of Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) positive reactions to transfusion-transmissible infections in rapid diagnostic test negative family replacement blood units, compared to the first time voluntarily donated blood. We studied records of blood units collected in a tertiary hospital from donors who scaled pre-donation Rapid diagnostic test (RDT) screening for the human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses and syphilis and rescreened by ELISA techniques at the National Blood Transfusion Service Centre in Jos, along with units from first-time voluntary blood donors. A total of 19562 blood units; 5945 (30.39%) rapid diagnostic tests negative from a linkage hospital and 13617 (69.61%) from first time voluntary donors were screened by ELISA methods for HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis. The overall TTIs detected by ELISA was 16.08%, significantly lower among pre-donation rapid screened family replacement blood donors [495(8.32%)] compared to 2651 (19.47%) among first-time voluntary donors; P=0.0001. Fifty-seven (0.96%) HIV, 166 (2.79%) HBV, 137 (2.31%) HCV and 137 (2.31%) syphilis were still detected respectively by ELISA in the pre-screened negative family replacement blood units. The outcome of ELISA screenings of blood collected from first-time volunteer donors were; 143 (1.05%) HIV, 1,486 (10.91%) HBV, 683 (5.02%) HCV, and 339 (2.49%) syphilis. Blood for transfusion should be screened negative at least with ELISA.

scholarly journals Safety of Family Replacement Donors vs. Voluntary Non-Remunerated Donors in Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana: A Comparative Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
O Addai-Mensah ◽  
PA Bashiru ◽  
EE Dogbe
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional

Blood safety remains a challenge to many countries in sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana due to poorly planned blood donation exercises in the various communities. Blood and its products usual-ly come from two main sources; voluntary non-remunerated donors (VNRD) and family replace-ment donors (FRD). In Ghana, and in many developing countries, FRDs seem to be the major source of blood supply whilst in developed countries VNRDs are the major source. This study de-termined and compared the prevalence of four transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs); HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and Treponema palladium (TP) among FRDs and VNRDs at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital to compare the safety of blood from these two groups. This cross-sectional study was undertaken at the transfusion medicine unit (TMU) of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital between March and May 2014. A total of 400 blood donors (200 FRDs and 200 VNRDs) were enrolled in this study after obtaining written informed consent. Blood samples from each of the donors were then tested for HIV, hepatitis B and C, and syphilis using rapid test kits. ABO and Rhesus blood groups were also determined for all the samples. Prev-alence of TTIs was higher among FRDs (23.5%) than in VNRDs (3.5%) with males (47) been more infected than females (7). Age group 21- 30 years was the most infected, followed by age groups 31- 40 years, 11- 20 years, 41- 50 years and 51- 60 years respectively. FRDs among the younger age group, 17- 30 years, were also more infected than their VNRD counterparts. Repeat blood donors among the VNRD group, were found to be safer than their first-time counterparts. Overall, TTIs were significantly higher in the FRD group than in the VNRD group. The prevalence rates of all the infections tested were higher in the FRD group compared to the VNRD group. FRDs were the higher risk population for TTIs in comparison to VNRDs. VNRDs should therefore be encouraged to donate blood regularly.Keywords: Transfusion Transmissible Infections, HBsAg, HCV, HIV, Treponema pallidum

Prevalensi HBsAg Positif Antara Donor Darah Sukarela Dengan Donor Darah Pengganti Di UTD PMI Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2019-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-393
Author(s):  
Sari Rahmada Mulyani ◽  
Aditya Aditya ◽  
Festy Ladyani Mustofa ◽  
Zulfian Zulfian
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Donations ◽  
Window Period ◽  
Positive Hbsag ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

ABSTRACT: PREVALENCE OF POSITIVE HBsAg BETWEEN VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONATIONS AND REPLACEMENT BLOOD DONATIONS AT PMI UTD LAMPUNG PROVINCE 2019-2020 Background: The risk of transmission of HBV infection through blood transfusion depends on many things, including the prevalence of disease in the community, the recipient's immune status, the number of donors per unit of blood, and the effectiveness of the screening used. The main disease transmission will occur during the window period, which is a period immediately after infection in which the donor's blood has been infected but the screening result is still negative.Objective: To determine the prevalence of positive HBsAg between voluntary blood donations and replacement blood donations at the PMI UTD in Lampung Province in 2019-2020. Methodology: The type of research used in this research is quantitative descriptive with cross-sectional design. The sample used in this study were blood donors at UTD PMI Lampung Province in 2019-2020.Results: The prevalence of voluntary blood donation with positive HBsAg in 2019 was obtained as many as 70 people (33.65%) while the prevalence of replacement blood donors with positive HBsAg in 2019 was obtained as many as 8 people (16%). Then, the prevalence of positive HBsAg voluntary blood donors in 2020 was found to be 138 people (66.35%) while the prevalence of positive HBsAg blood donors in 2020 was 42 people (84%).Conclusion: There is a difference in the prevalence of both voluntary blood donors and replacement blood donors between 2019 and 2020. and the prevalence of HBsAg positive in blood donors is different every year. Keywords: Blood Transfusion, Volunteer, Replacement, HBsAg  INTISARI: PREVALENSI HBsAg POSITIF ANTARA DONOR DARAH SUKARELA DENGAN DONOR DARAH PENGGANTI DI UTD PMI PROVINSI LAMPUNG TAHUN 2019-2020 Latar Belakang: Risiko penularan pada infeksi HBV melalui transfusi darah bergantung pada banyak hal, antara lain yaitu adanya prevalensi penyakit pada masyarakat, status imun resipien, jumlah donor tiap unit darah dan keefektifan skrining yang di gunakan. Penularan penyakit yang utama akan timbul pada saat window period, yaitu suatu periode segera terjadi setelah terinfeksi dimana darah donor sudah terinfeksi tetapi hasil skrining masih negative.Tujuan: Mengetahui Prevalensi HBsAg Positif Antara Donor Darah Sukarela Dengan Donor Darah Pengganti Di UTD PMI Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2019-2020.Metodologi: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pendonor darah di UTD PMI Provinsi Lampung tahun 2019-2020.Hasil: Prevalensi donor darah sukarela dengan HBsAg positif pada tahun 2019 didapatkan sebanyak 70 orang (33,65%) sementara prelavensi donor darah pengganti dengan HBsAg positif pada tahun 2019 didapatkan sebanyak 8 orang (16%). Lalu, prevalensi donor darah sukarela dengan HBsAg positif pada tahun 2020 didapatkan sebanyak 138 orang (66,35%) sementara untuk prevalensi donor darah pengganti dengan HBsAg positif pada tahun 2020 didapatkan sebanyak 42 orang (84%).Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan prevalensi baik donor darah sukarela maupun donor darah pengganti antara tahun 2019 dengan tahun 2020. Dan prevalensi HBsAg Positif pada donor darah berbeda-beda setiap tahun. Kata Kunci     : Donor Darah, Sukarela, Pengganti, HBsAg

A Cross-Sectional Study of Sociodemographic Profile of Blood Donors and Their Knowledge about Blood Donation in a Rural Area of Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (29) ◽  
pp. 2615-2619
Author(s):  
Indu Pachampully Kumaran ◽  
Archana K.A ◽  
Meena Dharmadas ◽  
Sasikala Nadanganan ◽  
Anu Kumar B ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donor ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Director General ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Donor Motivation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Communication Modalities

BACKGROUND Even in the presence of sufficient voluntary blood donors, the need of blood is not met yet. We wanted to evaluate the causes that hinder the smooth functioning of well-maintained blood transfusion services (BTS). METHODS This is a population based cross-sectional study conducted among blood donors from voluntary outreach blood donation camp for period of one year. Total 1536 blood donors from 32 blood donation camps were subjected to study for the sociodemographic characteristic and their knowledge of blood donation. Statistical analysis of data was done using Microsoft Excel, analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) ver.16 software. RESULTS A total of 32 blood donation camps were conducted during the study period that provided 1536 donors. In most of the camps, male donors (75 %) were more than female donors. Donors of age group of 30 to 39 years (43.9 %) were more when compared to others. Donors those who were married accounted for 79.9 %. Blood donors of Hindu religion (53 %) were more. CONCLUSIONS The main hindrance for blood donor motivation is lack of knowledge. Literacy and chance to mingle in society have a positive effect on blood donor motivation. Targeting of effective donor motivation, recruitment, and retention were attained by conducting awareness classes, seminars, workshops, and visual communication modalities. KEYWORDS World Health Organization, Altruistic Blood Donor, Blood Transfusion Services, Transfusion Transmitted Infections, Blood Components and Plasma Derivatives, Director General of Health Services (DGHS), National Blood Transportation Council (NBTC)

Sero-Epidemiology And Pattern Of Transfusion-Transmissible Infectious Diseases Among Family Replacement And Voluntary Blood Donors In Lagos University Teaching Hospital (2018-2019), South-West Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S168-S168
Author(s):  
O E Otokiti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Media ◽  
Higher Institutions ◽  
Negative Controls

Abstract Introduction/Objective Despite innovations and giant strides achieved in medicine, blood transfusion has continually remained an integral aspect of patient care and management. Currently, blood and blood products are part of the World Health Organisation (WHO) model list of Essential Medicine (EML). However, despite being a ‘life saver’, potential risks of transfusion of fatal infections (TTI) are associated with its use, hence this study to evaluate the trend of TTI in blood donors. Methods In this study, 21,464 donors were screened for HIV, HBV, HCV and Syphilis between 2018 and 2019 via 4 th generation ELISA. Retrospective data was gotten from records. The results were read using a spectrophotometer. Optical Density was calculated for positive and negative controls and only results from runs in which controls had passed were used and released. Results Of the 21,464donors tested, 3818 (17%) were voluntary blood donors (VBD) and 17,646 (83%) were family replacement donors (FRP). Total number of TTI was 1928 (0.1%) of units donated. Of the screened units positive for TTI, HBV accounted for the highest prevalence 1031 (54%), HCV 498 (26%), HIV 246 (13%) and Syphilis 147 (8%). A much higher incidence of TTI sero-positivity was observed in FRP (85%) as compared with voluntary blood donors (15%). Cumulative discard rate from TTI was approximately 0.1%. Conclusion Our results in this study showed that FRP are more likely to transmit TTI than VBD. Blood transfusion services should work more on replacing family replacement donors with voluntary donors. This can be achieved by reinforcing the culture of voluntary blood donation through the media, secondary and higher institutions as well as through advocacy. Indeed the WHO recommends 100% voluntary blood donations for all nations.

scholarly journals Blood Transfusion Service and Hospital Blood Rotation: The Implications on Transfusion Safety in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
O D Damulak ◽  
E D Jatau ◽  
E Ekam ◽  
E Rumji ◽  
R Yakubu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Blood Transfusion Service ◽  
First Time

Blood donation is not readily an altruistic sacrifice in sub-Saharan Africa where microbial infections, maternal haemorrhages, malaria and other tropical diseases that frequently require blood transfusion are daily diagnoses. Blood transfusion safety is hindered by the combined prevailing high rate of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections (TTIs) and poor screening techniques. This study determined the rate of Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) positive reactions to transfusion-transmissible infections in rapid diagnostic test negative family replacement blood units, compared to the first time voluntarily donated blood. We studied records of blood units collected in a tertiary hospital from donors who scaled pre-donation Rapid diagnostic test (RDT) screening for the human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses and syphilis and rescreened by ELISA techniques at the National Blood Transfusion Service Centre in Jos, along with units from first-time voluntary blood donors. A total of 19562 blood units; 5945 (30.39%) rapid diagnostic tests negative from a linkage hospital and 13617 (69.61%) from first time voluntary donors were screened by ELISA methods for HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis. The overall TTIs detected by ELISA was 16.08%, significantly lower among pre-donation rapid screened family replacement blood donors [495(8.32%)] compared to 2651 (19.47%) among first-time voluntary donors; P=0.0001. Fifty-seven (0.96%) HIV, 166 (2.79%) HBV, 137 (2.31%) HCV and 137 (2.31%) syphilis were still detected respectively by ELISA in the pre-screened negative family replacement blood units. The outcome of ELISA screenings of blood collected from first-time volunteer donors were; 143 (1.05%) HIV, 1,486 (10.91%) HBV, 683 (5.02%) HCV, and 339 (2.49%) syphilis. Blood for transfusion should be screened negative at least with ELISA.

scholarly journals Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Blood Donor in a Tertiary Care Specialized Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Mohd Abul Quader
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age

Background: Blood donors are the backbone of a transfusion service. To ensure a safe and appropriate transfusion service, donor demography is to be optimized for proper strategic management. The purpose of this study was to assess the socio-demographic profile of blood donors to make targets for national interventions and to promote blood donation. Methods: This descriptive type cross sectional study was conducted in Transfusion Medicine department of Popular Medical College Hospital from 1st January 2015 to 30th June 2018. All the blood donors who came to donate blood in this department were included in this study. Their signed consent was obtained to include in this study with their socio-demographic determinants. Frequency, percentage and p value<0.05 were calculated for statistics. Results: Out of the 15702 blood donors, male donors were more with a ratio of 6.78:1. Though the younger age group (25-31 years) showed highest donor population (32.61%), but the younger age group (18-38 years) have maximum donation (86.21%). Unmarried donors were 59.07% among the donors and middle class income group also showed highest donors (59.09%). Student donors (30.55%) were more among the donors. Muslims donors (79.01%) were more than others religious donors. Regarding education level of donors, higher secondary and above level showed highest donation (90.97%) which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Among the donors 78.05% showed their future intension to donate. Conclusions: Works on differences in socio-demographic characteristics of blood donors in times of increasing demand appears to be fruitful to target national interventions and to promote blood donation. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2021; 32(2) : 113-119

scholarly journals Potential risk of induced malaria by blood transfusion in South-eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chigozie Jesse Uneke ◽  
Ogbonnaya Ogbu ◽  
Vincent Nwojiji
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Significant Difference

Induced malaria by blood transfusion is a potential health hazard but is often neglected in many malaria endemic areas. Standard parasitological technique was used to determine the prevalence of malaria among blood donors in the South-eastern Nigeria. Of the total 325 blood donors (310 males and 15 females) screened, 133 (40.9%, CI 95%: 35.6-46.2%) were infected with malaria parasite, 78 (58.6%) had 1-10 parasites per 100 thick film fields ('+' or 4-40 parasites per mm3) while 55 (41.4%) had 11-100 parasites per 100 thick film fields ('++' or 41-400 parasites per mm3). P. falciparum was identified in all the infected cases, however 3 (2.3%) persons had mixed infection with P. malariae. Males were more infected (41.3%, CI 95%: 35.8-46.8%) than females (33.3%, CI 95%: 9.4-57.2%). The infection decreased with age with highest prevalence of 48.5% among those aged 20-25 years. The infection significantly varied with age but not with sex (P<0.05). Individuals with blood group B were slightly more infected (42.1%, 95%CI., 19.6-64.6%) than those of groups O (41.0%,CI 95%: 35.3-46.7%) and A (40.0%, CI 95%: 20.8-59.2%) but there was no significant difference (P < 0.05). Highest prevalence of infection was recorded in the month of April corresponding to the onset of the wet season. An overhaul of existing blood donation policies in many health facilities in the sub-Saharan Africa to incorporate malaria screening is advocated. Curative antimalarial drugs followed by prophylactic drugs should be given to all recipients of Parasitized blood.

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