scholarly journals Improvement in curcumin application for preventing dental caries by embeding in nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Azizi ◽  
Fatemeh Yazdian ◽  
Amir Maghdoudi ◽  
Leila Ghaderi ◽  
Fatemeh Hagirosadat
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Starch Nanoparticles

Introdution: The aim of this research was optimization curcumin characteristics for oral hygiene application. Curcumin-loaded starch nano-particles were developed for enhancing adhesion propery with enamel surface and best anti-bacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans. Methods: The study was the experimental one. The nanoparticles synthesize was based on precipitation and ionic gelation method. Nanoparticles characterization was done by scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and determination of zeta potential. In addition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of nanoparticles against Streptococcus mutans. The binding amount of nanoparticles to hydroxyapatite was evaluated and finally, the curcumin release from the nanoparticles was also assayed. Results: The average size of optimized starch nanoparticles were 61.1 nm. Also, zeta potential was -14.7, mV. Loading contents of nanoparticles were 24.59% measured by optical density from standard calibration curve of curcumin. In addition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of nanoparticles against Streptococcus mutans, was 0.204 and 0.438 mg/mL for starch nanoparticles and pure curcumin, respectively. It was also found that starch nanoparticles had inhibitory effect on bacterial biofilm. Conclusion: Curcumin-loaded starch nano-particles improve adhesion properties and interactions with enamel and prevent dental caries of Streptococcus mutans.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Of Tangerine Powder (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) Against Caries-Causing Bacteria (Streptococcus mutans)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-157
Author(s):  
Framesti Frisma Sriarumtias ◽  
Aji Najihudin ◽  
Nopi Rantika ◽  
Rita Nengsih
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Caries Treatment ◽  
Inhibitory Power

Dental caries is caused by Streptococcus mutans, which lives in the oral cavity and causes plaque on the teeth. Dental caries treatment involves restoration or filling of tooth tissue that has been perforated due to dental caries. The purpose of this study was analyze the effectivity of  tangerine juice powder in preventing the emergence of dental caries caused by Streptococcus mutans. The experimental method was used in this study started by making a powder from tangerine jiuce using freeze drying method, followed by testing the antibacterial activity using the disc diffusion method. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was also sought by measuring the diameter of the clear zone. The results showed that tangerine powder has antibacterial activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 10%. The highest activity of tangerine powder to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacteria was observed at   concentration of 25% with an inhibition zone diameter of 15.8 mm, and is classified as having moderate inhibitory power. According to the result of this study is that tangerine juice powder has a good antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and can be developed into a pharmaceutical ingredients to prevent dental caries.

scholarly journals Minimum inhibitory concentration of squid ink Loligo sp. extract on growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Damajanty H. C. Pangemanan ◽  
Christy Mintjelungan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties

Background: Dental caries and periodontal disease can be caused by bacteria that attack hard and soft tissues in the oral cavity like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans bacteria One way to prevent infections caused by the bacteria are by using mouthwash. Currently, mouthwash that is widely used is mouthwash containing chlorhexidine, which has side effects in the form of tooth staining when used prolonged. The need for alternative medicines from nature that effectively cope with polymicrobial infections. One of the marine products that has pharmaceutical properties is squid, especially the ink it produces.Methods: This research is a pure experimental study (true experimental design) with a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Squid ink Loligo sp. extract, obtained by extracting squid ink Loligo sp., with maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. This research uses serial dilution method with spectrophotometric testing method.Results: After measuring the turbidity value in each treatment tube, it was found that at a concentration of 1.56% squid ink Loligo sp. extract began to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans bacteria.  This is proven because the absorbance value after and before incubation is fixed.Conclusions: The minimum inhibitory concentration of squid ink Loligo sp. extract on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutants at a concentration of 1.56%.

scholarly journals An in vitro Study to determine the Effect of Terminalia chebula Extract and Its Formulation on Streptococcus mutans

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushma S Nayak ◽  
Sharda C Metgud ◽  
Uday Kumar Bolmal
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Terminalia Chebula ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

ABSTRACT Aim Many weapons are available in the arsenal of a dental professional to combat dental caries, which is almost ubiquitously present. From a public health perspective, most of these weapons are far from being an ideal drug. Hence, there is a demand for better and effective antibacterial agents. This factor stimulated the process of the present study. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of ethanol extract of Terminalia chebula on Streptococcus mutans. Materials and methods Dried ripe fruits of Terminalia chebula were procured and powdered. Physical tests were done to estimate purity of the fruit powder. Hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared according to standard procedures. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the extracts was determined by tube dilution method and confirmed by agar dilution method. The effect of the hydroethanolic extract on sucrose induced adhesion, glucan-induced aggregation and on glycolysis of Streptococcus mutans was also assessed. Preservative, gelling agent and sweetener were added in suitable quantities to the ethanol extract, and mouthrinse was formulated. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the formulation was also determined. Results Yield was better in case of aqueous extract. The Minimum inhibitory concentration of hydroethanolic extract was determined to be 2.5%. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the aqueous extract was determined to be 10%. Hydroethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula (2.5%) inhibited sucrose induced adherence and aggregation of Streptococcus mutans in vitro. Conclusion The mouthrinse formulated from ethanol extract of Terminalia chebula demonstrated substantial antibacterial activity and could be used as an effective anticaries agent. Clinical Significance Terminalia chebula mouthrinse can be effectively used in clinical practice as an anticaries mouthrinse with additional benefit being that it is safe and economical. How to cite this article Nayak SS, Ankola AV, Metgud SC, Bolmal UK. An in vitro Study to determine the Effect of Terminalia chebula Extract and Its Formulation on Streptococcus mutans. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(3):278-282.

scholarly journals Uji Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum Ekstrak Daun Gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus Mutans

e-GIGI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen N. Sekeon ◽  
Heriyannis Homenta ◽  
Michael A. Leman
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Cariogenic Bacteria ◽  
Group Design

Abstract: Streptococcus mutans is the most common bacterium that causes dental caries due to its ability to ferment carbohydrates into acid resulting in the decreased pH on the tooth surface. Prevention of dental caries could be achieved by inhibiting the growth of cariogenic bacteria. Various efforts to control and prevent the cariogenic bacteria include the usage of herbal ingredients; one of them is gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L.). These gedi leaves contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, and saponins. This study was aimed to prove that gedi leaf extract had inhibitory effect on the growth of S.mutans and to obtain the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of this extract on the growth of S. mutans. This was a true experimental design with a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Gedi leaf extract was obtained by maceration method in 96% ethanol. The results showed that gedi leaf extract had an antibacterial effect on the growth of S. mutans. We used turbidimetry, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and two times of treatment to obtain the MIC of gedi leaf extract on Streptococcus mutans which was 6.25%. Conclusion: Gedi leaf extract could inhibit the growth of S. mutans with a MIC of 6.25%.Keywords: dental caries, gedi leaf extract (Abelmoschus manihot L.), Streptococcus mutans Abstrak: Streptococcus mutans merupakan bakteri yang paling banyak menyebabkan karies gigi karena bakteri ini berkemampuan memfermentasi karbohidrat menjadi asam yang berakibat turunnya pH pada permukaan gigi. Pencegahan karies gigi dapat dicapai dengan menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri kariogenik. Berbagai upaya dilakukan untuk mengen-dalikan dan mencegah bakteri kariogenik, antara lain dengan menggunakan bahan herbal; salah satunya yaitu tanaman gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.). Daun gedi mengandung senyawa bioaktif antara lain flavonoid, alkaloid, steroid, dan saponin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efek inhibisi ekstrak daun gedi terhadap pertumbuhan S. mutans dan mendapatkan konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) ekstrak daun gedi terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. mutans. Jenis penelitian ini ialah eksperimental murni dengan randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Ekstrak daun gedi dibuat dengan metode maserasi dengan menggunakan etanol 96%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.) memiliki efek antibakteri dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Dengan menggunakan metode turbidimetri dan spektrofotometer UV-Vis dalam 2 (dua) kali perlakuan maka diperoleh KHM ekstrak daun gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.) terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans terdapat pada konsentrasi 6,25%. Simpulan: Ekstrak daun gedi dapat meghambat pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans dengan KHM pada konsentrasi 6,25%.Kata kunci: karies gigi, ekstrak daun gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.), Streptococcus mutans

scholarly journals Evaluation of antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties of kojic acid against five food-related bacteria and related subcellular mechanisms of bacterial inactivation

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Wu ◽  
Yu-gang Shi ◽  
Lu-yao Zeng ◽  
Ying Pan ◽  
Xin-ying Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Kojic Acid ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Inactivation ◽  
Intracellular Enzyme ◽  
Gram Negative

Although the antimicrobial properties of kojic acid have been recognized, the subcellular mechanism of bacterial inactivation caused by it has never been clearly elucidated. In the present study, the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of kojic acid was evaluated against five foodborne pathogens including Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium. The antibacterial activity was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and the time-kill assay. Among them, the susceptibility of Escherichia coli was significant with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values of 10 and 20 mM, respectively. Subcellular mechanism of bacterial inactivation related to kojic acid was revealed through comprehensive factors including cell morphology, membrane permeability, K+ leakage, zeta potential, intracellular enzyme, and DNA assay. Results demonstrated that bacterial inactivation caused by kojic acid, especially for Gram-negative bacteria, was primarily induced by the pronounced damage to the cell membrane integrity. Leakage of intracellular enzyme to the supernatants implied that the cell membrane permeability was compromised. Consequently, the release of K+ from the cytosol leads to the alterations of the zeta potential of cells, which would disturb the subcellular localization of some proteins and thereby cause the bacterial inactivation. The free −CH2OH group at the C-2 of kojic acid could play more significant role in the antimicrobial performance of kojic acid against Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, remarkable interaction with DNA was also observed. Kojic acid at sub-minimum inhibitory concentration inhibited biofilm formation by these bacteria.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Properties of Bridelia Scandens against Oral Pathogens: In vitro study

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 032-042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachidananda Mallya ◽  
Shrikara Mallya ◽  
Venkatakrishna Rao
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Oral Pathogens

Abstract Objective: It has been well documented that traditional medicinal plants confer considerable antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms. Species of the genus Bridelia scandens is reported to be used traditionally for treating various oral diseases. Its effect against intestinal and other systemic pathogens have been reported However the beneficial effects of this plant materials against oral pathogens is not evaluated. Therefore we have done the present investigation. Aim is to study the antimicrobial properties of alcoholic and aqueous extract of Bridelia scandens against selected oral pathogens by various microbiological assays. Methods: The leaves after identification and authentication by a Botanist were collected, air dried, pulverized to fine powder using household blender. The water extract was prepared using cold percolation method and alcoholic extract was prepared in Soxhlet apparatus by using ethyl alcohol. The test organisms like Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus salivarius Lactobacillus acidophilus and Candida albicans were obtained from Department of Microbiology Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore. Antimicrobial activity is being determined by various Microbial assays like Kirby Bauer antibiotic sensitivity testing, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) Results: From our study, it was found that all tested organisms were sensitive to both water and alcoholic extract of leaves of Bridelia scandens at varying concentrations.( 200 mg/ml and 400 mg/ml ) with zone of inhibition ranging from 20 mm to 48 mm .Even the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ( MIC ) was less than 100 mg/ml in most of the organism indicating that extract of leaves of Bridelia scandens is most effective against the oral pathogens. The alcoholic extract is better than aqueous extract. Conclusion: The extract of leaves of Bridelia scandens is highly effective against selected oral pathogens

scholarly journals Antibacterial Properties of Local Malaysian Trigona Sp. Honey Towards Different of Pathogenic Bacteria in Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fawzia Jassim Shalsh ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed Khalaf ◽  
Mohammed Hafiz ◽  
Imad Ibrahim Ali
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Test

Honey is one of the oldest natural medicines known with a very high therapeutic value. Nowadays, in the medical field, several important therapeutic effects of honey have been elucidated. This study was conducted to reveal the antimicrobial activity of the commercially available local Malaysian Trigona sp. honey towards different pathogenic bacteria specifically Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium. The Minimum inhibitory concentration and Minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by the disc-diffusion test and agar well diffusion test. Different concentration of the honey was tested in the disc-diffusion and agar well diffusion test. The results of these tests were in terms of Inhibition zone diameter. The results obtained from the current study are the dilution of different concentration of honey from Trigona sp. are very significant because the only net concentration of both of honey Trigon a sp. possessed antimicrobial properties in term of Minimum inhibitory concentration) and Minimum bactericidal concentration. The result also can say that Trigona sp. honey possessed antibacterial properties and can be used as alternative medicine in the veterinary field in the future.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIFITAS JUS LIDAH BUAYA DAN KLORHEXIDIN 0.06% TERHADAP JUMLAH KOLONI STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS SALIVA ANAK DENGAN KARIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Shanty Chairani ◽  
Sri W Rais ◽  
Rani Purba ◽  
Amalia AH
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouth Rinse ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Control Group Design

Background: Aloe vera contains active components such as antrhaquinones,saponin, glucomannans, and acemannans that have been known for its antimicrobial properties. In vitro study showed that Aloe vera extract can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans. Studies reported that children with caries have high level of salivary S. mutans which is the main pathogen in dental caries. The gold standard mouthrinse for dental caries is chlorhexidine gluconate, but it has several side effects. The objective of this study was to compare the effect between Aloe vera juice and 0.06% chlorhexidine mouth rinse on salivary S. mutans in children with caries.Methods: This experimental research with pretest and post-test control group design conducted on 30 children (6-12 years old) with number of carious teeth >4. Subjects divided into 2 groups: Aloe vera juice group and 0.06% chlorhexidine group, which instructed to rinse their mouth with 10 ml stated mouthwash, twice a day, during 7-day period. Unstimulated saliva was collected at baseline and after 7 days then inoculated on mitis salivarius bacitracin agar. S. mutans were counted and expressed in CFU/ml. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test.Result: The result showed that a significant reduction in salivary S.mutanscounts was observed with Aloe vera juice mouth rinse and 0.06% chlorhexidine (p<0.05). The mean reduction of S. mutans counts was not statistically significantly between grup (p>0.05).Conclusion: These findings suggest that Aloe vera juice can reduce salivary S. mutans in children with caries so it can be considered as alternative mouthwash to prevent caries.

scholarly journals Uji konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) ekstrak daun pacar air (Impatiens balsamina L.) terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans

e-GIGI ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond A. Lolongan ◽  
Olivia Waworuntu ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Impatiens Balsamina ◽  
Herbal Plant

Abstract: Impatiens balsamina L. is an herbal plant which contains flavonoids that has been proven to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans. This study was aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the balsamina leaf extract on the growth of Streptococcus mutans. This was a true experimental study with a randomized pretest-postest control group design. The method used was serial dilution and tested with the spectrophotometer and turbiditry measurements. Balsamina leaf was extracted by using maceration method with 96% ethanol. The Streptococcus mutans bacteria were obtained from pure stock bacteria at Microbiology Laboratory of Pharmacy Faculty of Mathematics, University of Sam Ratulangi. The results indicated that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the balsamina leaf (Impatiens balsamina L.) extract on the growth of Streptococcus mutans was at a concentration of 3.125%.Keywords: balsamina leaf (Impatiens balsamina L.), Streptococcus mutans, MIC Abstrak: Pacar Air (Impatiens balsamina L.) merupakan tanaman herbal yang mengandung flavonoid yang telah terbukti dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) dari ekstrak daun Pacar Air terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental murni dengan Randomized Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode serial dilusi dengan metode pengujian turbidimetri dan spektrofotometri. Daun Pacar air diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Bakteri Streptococcus mutans diperoleh dari stok bakteri murni Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Program Studi Farmasi Fakultas MIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) ekstrak daun Pacar Air terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans pada konsentrasi 3,125%. Kata kunci: daun pacar air (Impatiens balsamina L), Streptococcus mutans, KHM

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