scholarly journals CYBERBULLYING: DEFINITION AND MEASUREMENT IN ADOLESCENT – LITERATURE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Zarina Akbar ◽  
Tiara Trisna Putri ◽  
Maratini Shaliha Aisyawati
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Adolescent Literature ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Definition Of

Purpose of the study: This study is a literature review on cyberbullying from 2004-2017. Topics covered in the review have been categorized starting with the definition of cyberbullying; factors causing cyberbullying; and measurement tools of cyberbullying in adolescents. The purpose of this literature review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current research on cyberbullying as it relates to cyberbullying intervention/prevention programs further. Methodology: This study applied the method of literature review that related to cyberbullying and other related journals from EBSCO Database. Main Findings: This study found that there is a need to determine a more consistent definition of cyberbullying criteria in order to establish more accurate measurement methods. Furthermore, factors causing cyberbullying are not only  the personal factors and situational factors, but also the social-ecological (factors) theory. Applications of this study: The cyberbullying handling program for teenagers must be designed by the schools holistically and in cooperation between all elements and levels of communities that are related to the lives of teenagers, including those in regards with home, school, peers, and any other elements related to teenagers’ lives such as those that are easily accessed online. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study discussed cyberbullying in a more integrated and complete explanation especially about the type of cyberbullying measurements that can be used.

scholarly journals Entreprenariat social et entreprenariat collectif : synthèse et constats

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Fontan
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
French Language ◽  
Social Entrepreneur ◽  
Nous Permet ◽  
The Social ◽  
Convergence And Divergence ◽  
Nous Voyons ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Revue De Littérature

RÉSUMÉL’article présente les résultats d’une recherche portant sur les notions d’entrepreneur social et d’entrepreneur collectif. Après avoir défini le concept d’entrepreneur, nous voyons comment les qualitatifs « social » et « collectif » transforment l’idée d’entreprendre en un projet plus intégré où les objectifs sociaux, politiques et économiques sont « harmonieusement » agencés. La recherche repose essentiellement sur la réalisation d’une revue de littérature de textes clés produits en langue française et anglaise en Amérique du Nord et en Europe. L’analyse des données recueillies nous permet de présenter des critères simples pour proposer une définition de ces notions qui devrait rendre compte de la réalité des pratiques rencontrées sur le terrain et des contributions théoriques et critiques faites par les auteurs et travaux consultés. Elle permet aussi de présenter une dizaine de constats qui illustrent tant les points de convergence que les divergences observées entre les types d’entreprenariat étudiés.ABSTRACTThis article presents the results of a study bearing on the notions of social entrepreneur and collectiveentrepreneur. After defining the concept of entrepreneur, I look at how the adjectives “social” and “collective” transform the project of being an entrepreneur into a more integrated one where the social, political and economic objectives are “harmoniously” organized. The study is essentially based on a literature review of key English- and French-language texts written in North America and in Europe. The analysis of the collected data allows me to present simple criteria for proposing a definition of these notions that should take into account both the reality of the practices encountered in the field and the theoretical and critical contributions made by the authors and the texts that I consulted. It also enables me to present ten observations that illustrate both the points of convergence and divergence between the types of entrepreneurship that I studied.

Unlocking the social domain in sustainable development

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Domain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Academic Search ◽  
Untapped Resource

Purpose – Beginning with a multitude of differing definitions and theories of CSR and sustainability, an analysis of the effects and impacts of the social domain to remain an untapped resource to strengthen and merge the practice of sustainable development. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Utilizing a systematic review of literature between 1977 and 2013 about CSR and sustainability definitions and theories to reveal knowledge fragmentation in the use of the social domain and its implications within sustainable development. Findings – Identifies the gaps of the social domain in sustainable development and raises awareness to advance sustainable development beyond current sustainable development strategies, initiatives and practices. The pertinent publications from the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the systematic literature review were analyzed to determine how the social domain is used and interpreted in CSR and sustainability. Based upon the findings, four themes represent the social domain as socio-economics, stakeholders, societal well-being and social sustainability with suggestions for further research. Research limitations/implications – The systematic literature review searched one academic search engine and focussed on journals and books written in English. Originality/value – The contribution of the paper highlights, first, how an underdeveloped social domain can contribute toward multiple meanings of sustainable development and the social domain’s untapped capacity to develop a clearer standard definition of sustainable development and second, the potential to advance competitive advantage for corporations and governments.

Situational Identity and Ethnicity among Ghanaian University Students

1977 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Kaufert
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
The Political ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cultural Similarity

A number of recent studies have challenged the concept of an ethnic grou as an absolute category and emphasised that ethnic identity is influenced by the context of the social situation in which the behaviour occurs.2 Analyst of migrant communities in both West Africa and the Copperbelt have documented the existence of situational ethnicity as a phenomenon in which individual or group identity is defined in terms of categories which vary in their level of inclusiveness. Situational factors have increasingly come to be viewed as influencing the individual's definition of his rôle as a member of more inclusive groups which allows him to relate to a more culturally heterogeneous community in terms of common elements of identity.3 Studies concentrating upon the political significance of ethnic identity in public interactions have also stressed that situational factors may play a more important role than cultural similarity in developing more inclusive identity groupings.4 Finally, analysts dealing with the problems of multiple ethnic loyalties have stressed that individuals and groups have an array of alternate identities from which to choose. They will adopt — or be perceived by others as maintaining — different ethnic identities in different situations.

scholarly journals Is it Possible to Assess the Two-Domain Definition of the Broad Autism Phenotype Using the Available Measurement Tools?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Godoy-Giménez ◽  
A. González-Rodríguez ◽  
F. Cañadas ◽  
A. F. Estévez ◽  
P. Sayans-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Broad Autism Phenotype ◽  
Social Responsiveness ◽  
Domain Definition ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Autism Phenotype

AbstractAlthough, the operationalization of the autism spectrum disorder has been updated around two domains, the broad autism phenotype (BAP) one has not. Additionally, the items of the three common BAP measures, the Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire (BAPQ), the Autism Quotient, and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), remain organized around a non-consensual number of factors. We explored whether the items of these measures matched with the two-domain operationalization through a parallel analysis, which has suggested two main components, and two expert judgments which have assessed item wording, relevance, and construct representativeness. A remaining pool of 48 BAP-relevant items suggested a possible under-representation of two subdomains. Despite the relevance of all the BAPQ items, only the SRS ones tapped in all subdomains.

scholarly journals Theoretical review of manifestations and features of social solidarity

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
D. S. Doktorova
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Complex Concept ◽  
Simultaneous Impact ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Levels

This article is dedicated to issues of social solidarity actions and it`s features in modern Sociology theoretical framework. The literature review reviled that definition of social solidarity is a complex concept, which is not distinct from related definitions. Separation of Social solidarity characteristics form a significant contribution of this article. They exist in the group, where respect, mutual feelings, trust, unselfishness, pride and suffer from loss or betrayal occur. The forms of social solidarity existence have a substantial role and operate on different levels: around, for and according to something. Solidarity ties have a great importance, which quality depends on the level of covetousness. Such ties can also be motivating factors. Article describes the human behavior in the relations of social solidarity, which varies depending on level of organization, roles (major and secondary), scale. Time factor could be found in the center of the social solidarity concept. It can unite the group and have a simultaneous impact in past, present and future. This article shows the value of social solidarity brought by motives of the group members and moral rules, which might or might not be followed.

scholarly journals Exploring the social-ecological factors related to physical activity participation among Black, Asian and minority ethnic immigrants

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Godi Katito ◽  
Emma Davies
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Minority Ethnic

PurposeDespite the health benefits of physical activity (PA), participation rates Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) adults in the United Kingdom (UK) are low in comparison to the general population. This study aimed to explore the social-ecological factors related to PA participation among BAME immigrants.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews were carried out with 12 purposively selected adults from the BAME populace residing in one postcode district of a city in southern England.FindingsThe three main themes that developed from this study demonstrated that the barriers to PA participation among BAME were perceived to exist at intrapersonal, and environmental (social and physical) levels.Research limitations/implicationsUnderstanding these unique social-ecological factors may assist in intervention development.Originality/valueProminent barriers included intrapersonal factors such as deportation fear and cultural beliefs; and environmental factors such as the cost of accessing PA facilities. Length of residency appeared to be related to increased PA.

scholarly journals Exploring various approaches of social innovation: a francophone literature review and a proposal of innovation typology

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud Gregoire
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Francophone Literature ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Theoretical Saturation ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to clarify the multiple different approaches of social innovation, focusing on francophone literature. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: We propose an in-depth literature review that questions the meaning of the adjective "social" when used by authors to qualify an innovation, that highlights the different approaches of the concept, their relations to each other and their limits, and that illustrates these approaches with concrete examples. Finally, we build on these materials to propose a new innovation typology that wholly integrates social innovation. Key methodological aspects: The literature review is based on a selection of 25 papers in French - the mother language of the author - which were collected and analyzed using the "theoretical saturation point" method: we stopped the review when we felt there was no new crucial element in the next articles read, that is, when it seemed that a "saturation point" of information had been reached about theories on social innovation. Summary of key results: The definition of social innovation as new answers provided to unsatisfied or badly-satisfied social demands seems to prevail in the literature. It can be divided into three sub-approaches: the public policies, the social entrepreneurship, and the participatory dynamics, which strikes us as the most interesting, without excluding the others. Key considerations/conclusions: We propose a new innovation typology, which presents social innovation's relations to other types of innovation. We conclude with some considerations about social innovation context of emergence, and about its ambiguous position in the neoliberal system.

scholarly journals Dikotomi Ulama menurut Perspektif Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Mutrofin Mutrofin ◽  
Izzul Madid
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Muslim Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
Life Context ◽  
Important Position ◽  
Definition Of

Islamic Scholars (ulama) have important position in Muslim society, they are not only as references but also as determinants in decisions making process, specially related to the benefit of the ummah, as a result, who can be called ulama is not clear, as a result, ulama are defined according to the interests of certain groups. This article examines the dichotomy of scholars in Al-Ghazali's perspective. This article uses data from literature review sources, especially the works written by Al-Ghazali. This article concludes that Al-Ghazali did a sociological reading of the ulama concept according to the social, political, and life context. At the time of Al-Ghazali, the term ulama had become a certain social status, even this term was juxtaposed with certain types of scholarship. With the various titles of ulama according to their expertise, this condition caused a conflict between them. The goal of each group is to claim the most correct according to their opinion. This article discusses the definition of ulama in Alghazali's perspective along with the standards developed by Alghazali to determine the criteria of the ulama in the context of the Islamic community during  he lived that stiil suitable to be applied today.Abstrak:  Ulama memiliki posisi yang cukup penting dalam masyarakat, mereka tidak hanya sebagai panutan namunn juga sebagai penentu dalam penggambilan keputusan terkait denggan kemaslahatan umat, akibatnya siapa yang dapat disebut sebagai ulama merupa area yang kadang abu-abu, akibatnya ulama didefinisikan sesuai kepentingan kelompok tertentu.  Artikel ini  mengkaji tentang dikotomi ulama dalam perspektif Al-Ghazali.  Artikel ini mengunakan data dari sumber kajian kepustakaan khususnya karya-karya yangg ditulis oleh Alghazali.  Kesimpulan dari artikel ini bahwa Al-Ghazali melakukan pembacaan secara sosiologis atas konsep ulama tersebut sesuai dengan konteks sosial, politik dan kehidupannya. Pada masa Al-Ghazali istilah ulama sudah menjadi status sosial tertentu, bahkan istilah ulama ini disandingkan pada jenis keilmuan tertentu. Dengan berbagai julukan ulama sesuai dengan keahliannya tersebut, memunculkan mereka untuk saling berseteru antara ulama satu dengan lainnya. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengklaim yang paling benar menerut pendapat tertentu.  Artikel ini membahas tentang definisi ulama dalam perskpektif Alghazali beserta standar yang dikembang oleh Alghazali untuk mentukan kriteria ulama dalam konteks masyarakat islam saat itu.

scholarly journals Analysing the Definition of Disability in the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: is it really based on a 'Social Model' approach?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (23) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Kazou
Keyword(s):  
Social Situation ◽  
Social Model ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Environmental Barriers ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of

This article challenges the generally accepted view that the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2006 (CRPD) is based on the ‘social model of disability’. The ‘social model’ understands disability as a social situation, and particularly a form of social oppression imposed on people with impairments, which is caused by social and environmental barriers that exclude them from participating in society and which is entirely distinguished from their individual impairment. The article argues that the definition of disability in the CRPD is closer to the definition provided in WHO’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The ICF understands disability as the multi-dimensional and interactive experience of a wide range of difficulties in functioning; in particular, these difficulties include impairments, limitations in performing activities and restrictions in participating in life situations, and arise out of the complex interaction between health conditions, personal factors and barriers in the physical and social environment. Associating the CRPD with the ICF rather than the ‘social model’ might have positive implications for its implementation, as it can avoid the criticism faced by the ‘social model’ for its limitations, especially for considering impairment as being entirely irrelevant to the experience of disability, and therefore governments and policy makers might be less sceptical towards the CRPD and more willing to engage with it. At the same time, the valuable insights of the ‘social model’ regarding the disabling effect of social and environmental barriers can be retained, as the ICF recognises this too, but without ignoring the relevance of impairment to the experience of disability or minimising the health needs of persons with disabilities.

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