scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEW VZhM200 SUPERALLOY AND THE TECHNOLOGY OF ITS PRODUCTION FOR CASTING OF THE ADVANCED ENGINES’ BLADES BY THE DIRECTIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
P.G. Min ◽  
◽  
V.E. Vadeev ◽  
V.V. Kramer ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Type Structure ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Directional Crystallization ◽  
Metal Impurities ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy

FSUE «VIAM» has developed a new nickel-based superalloy VZhM200 and its manufacturing technology for casting of turbine blades with directional (pillar-type) structure for advanced turbine engines. The advantages of the VZhM200 alloy over the DS200 Hf alloy are presented in the article. The quality of VZhM200 alloy produced by FSUE «VIAM» meets the DS200 Hf, MAR M200+Hf alloys produced by Cannon-Muskegon Corporation and HOWMET Ltd in chemical composition, content of harmful and non-metal impurities, gases and mechanical properties.

Surface Modification and its Influence on the Microstructure and Creep Resistance of Nickel Based Superalloy René 77 / Modyfikacja Powierzchniowa Oraz Jej Wpływ Na Mikrostrukture I Wytrzymałosc Na Pełzanie Odlewów Z Nadstopu Niklu Ren´E 77

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zielinska ◽  
J. Sieniawski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Cobalt Aluminate ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Average Grain Size

Superalloy René 77 is very wide used for turbine blades, turbine disks of aircraft engines which work up to 1050°C. These elements are generally produced by the investment casting method. Turbine blades produced by conventional precision casting methods have coarse and inhomogeneous grain structure. Such a material often does not fulfil basic requirements, which concern mechanical properties for the stuff used in aeronautical engineering. The incorporation of controlled grain size improved mechanical properties. This control of grain size in the casting operation was accomplished by the control of processing parameters such as casting temperature, mould preheating temperature, and the use of grain nucleates in the face of the mould. For nickel and cobalt based superalloys, it was found that cobalt aluminate (CoAl2O4) has the best nucleating effect. The objective of this work was to determine the influence of the inoculant’s content (cobalt aluminate) in the surface layer of the ceramic mould on the microstructure and mechanical properties at high temperature of nickel based superalloy René 77. For this purpose, the ceramic moulds were made with different concentration of cobalt aluminate in the primary slurry was from 0 to 10% mass. in zirconium flour. Stepped and cylindrical samples were casted for microstructure and mechanical examinations. The average grain size of the matrix ( phase), was determined on the stepped samples. The influence of surface modification on the grain size of up to section thickness was considered. The microstructure investigations with the use of light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) enable to examine the influence of the surface modification on the morphology of ’ phase and carbides precipitations. Verification of the influence of CoAl2O4 on the mechanical properties of castings were investigated on the basis of results obtained form creep tests.

scholarly journals Dendritic Structure Analysis of CMSX-4 Cored Turbine Blades Roots

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 1129-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Induction Furnace ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Dendritic Structure ◽  
Root Structure ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy

Abstract The microstructure of as-cast cored turbine blades roots, made of the single-crystal CMSX-4 nickel-based superalloy was investigated. Analysed blades were obtained by directional solidification technique in the industrial ALD Bridgman induction furnace. The investigations of the microstructure of blades roots were performed using SEM and X-ray techniques including diffraction topography with the use of Auleytner method. Characteristic shapes of dendrites with various arrangement were observed on the SEM images taken from the cross-sections, made transversely to the main blades axis. The differences in quality of the structure in particular areas of blades roots were revealed. Based on the results, the influence of cooling bores on blades root structure was analysed and the changes in the distribution and geometry of cooling bores were proposed.

Cleanness and Mechanical Properties of Steel after Remelting under Different Slags by ESR

2014 ◽  
Vol 635 ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
Alena Pribulová ◽  
Peter Futáš ◽  
Marianna Bartošová
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sulphur Content ◽  
Metallic Inclusions ◽  
Change Chemical Composition

Quality of machine production is very close-knit with quality of metallurgical semi-products and with improvement their working properties. It can be achieved first of all by decrease of sulphur and non-metallic inclusions content in metal. Improvement of working properties provide remelted processes above an electro slag remelting (ESR). The slags play very important role by ESR process. By experiments steel with next chemical composition was used: C (0,9 – 1,1%), Mn (0,30 – 0,50%), Si (0,15 – 0,35%), Cr (1,30 – 1,65%), Ni (max.0,30%), Cu (max.0,25%), P (max.0,027%), S (max.0,030%). The steel was remelted under 8 types of slags on the base of CaO, Al2O3, CaF2 and SiO2 in different ratios. The contribution deals with influence of chemical composition of slag on mechanical properties and cleannes of metal after electro slag remelting. Variation of slag chemical composition enables to change chemical composition of remelted steel, to reduce the non-metallic inclusions and sulphur content and to improve the mechanical properties of steel.

Identification and Evaluation of Freckles in Directionally Solidified Casting Made of PWA 1426 Nickel-Based Superalloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 559-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Chmiela ◽  
M. Sozańska ◽  
J. Cwajna
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Casting Defects ◽  
Directionally Solidified ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Aero Engine ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Equiaxed Grains

Identification and Evaluation of Freckles in Directionally Solidified Casting Made of PWA 1426 Nickel-Based SuperalloyManufacturing of modern aero engine turbine blades made of nickel-based superalloys is very complex and expensive. The thrust and performance of new engines must address constantly more demanding requirements. Therefore, turbine blades must be characterised by very good mechanical properties, which is possible only if the blades are free of casting defects. An important innovation has been the launching of directionally solidified (DS) and single crystal (SX) turbine blades. But, manufacturing procedures and the chemical composition of many superalloys promote the formation of casting defects that are characteristic only for directional solidification. One of these defects is freckles. Freckles are small equiaxed grains in the form of long chains parallel to the solidification direction and are located on the surface of the casting. Freckles decrease the mechanical properties of DS and SX blades; therefore, they should be always unambiguously identified to improve the manufacturing process. This work presents the possibilities of identifying and evaluating freckles in DS casting made of PWA 1426 superalloy by combining the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques.

Evaluation of Hot Corrosion Resistance of Directionally Solidified Nickel-Based Superalloy

2015 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
pp. 337-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Sozańska ◽  
Barbara Kościelniak ◽  
Lucjan Swadźba
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Hot Corrosion ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Nickel Superalloy ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Scale Morphology ◽  
Directionally Solidified ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Two Temperatures

The turbine blades made of directionally solidified nickel-based superalloys are exposed to combination of high temperature and aircraft environment, in which appear corrosive elements like sulphur, sodium and vanadium (hot corrosion). Corrosion resistance of superalloys is mainly dependent on their structure and chemical composition. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the correlation between the hot corrosion and changes in chemical composition and morphology of a surface of the material. The following paper presents the influence of sulphur on the microstructure of directionally solidified nickel-based superalloy. The research was carried out in Na2SO4 environment at two temperatures of 850oC and 900oC (below and above the melting point of salt, 884°C). The results show scale morphology on material surface and changes in chemical composition of surface of nickel superalloy.

THE MICROSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF FIC ON GAS TURBINE BLADES

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (25n27) ◽  
pp. 4135-4140 ◽  
Author(s):  
HYUNG-ICK KIM ◽  
YONG HUH ◽  
HONG-SUN PARK ◽  
CHANG-SUNG SEOK ◽  
MOON-YOUNG KIM
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Phase Coarsening

Advancements in superalloys permit hot gas path components to operate for many thousands of hours under severe centrifugal, thermal and vibratory stresses. The blade of a gas turbine must withstand the most severe combination of temperature, stress, and environment. After a certain period of operation, the blade is damaged by the turbine operation mode. To recover the similar initial mechanical properties, the blade of nickel-based superalloy component undergoes a replacement repair process. A fluoride ion cleaning (FIC) process is used to assist in the successful welding repair of nickel-based superalloy components. This work is to study the FIC influence on a gas turbine blade that was serviced 25,748 equivalent operating hour (EOH) after first overhaul. The blades, including the fractured regions were obtained from a plant. The conditions of blade samples were observed by optical microscope and SEM, and the chemical composition of the flaws in the blade was investigated by EDS. γ′ phase morphology is also an important indicator of the mechanical properties of blades at the high temperatures. The blade condition was examined from morphology and size of the γ′ phase, because the γ′ phase coarsening rate depends largely on the exposure time and temperature.

scholarly journals High-Performance Methods for Welding Steel P460NL2

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Marcin Kempa
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Comparative Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Welding Steel

The article discusses comparative test results concerning two welding methods, i.e. SAW and MAG. The tests involved the making of welded joints in steel P460NL2, the verification of the chemical composition of supplied steel, the comparison of the quality of joints (in accordance with PN-EN ISO 5817) as well as the performance of macroscopic tests and the comparison of mechanical properties and hardness.

Production of single-crystal seeds [001] from nickeltungsten alloys by directional crystallization

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
V. N. Toloraya ◽  
G. A. Ostroukhova
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Directional Crystallization ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Seed Method ◽  
Crystal Seed

The problem of obtaining priming materials from Ni-W alloys arose in connection with the development of technology for casting single-crystal turbine blades of gas turbine engines (GTE) from hightemperature alloys. This technology uses a seed method for producing single-crystal castings with a crystallographic orientation [001] using seedings from alloys of the Ni-W system with a melting point 120–140°C higher than the casting alloy. The use of such primers greatly simplifies the casting process of turbine blades with a single-crystal structure, increases its reliability both in pass-through furnaces of the PMP-2 type and in high-gradient furnaces of the UVNK-9A type. The article presents the results of the study of the influence of temperature-velocity parameters of directional crystallization, namely, the temperature gradient GZ on the structure of the obtained single-crystal seed blanks, as well as the study of effects of tungsten and carbon on the structure of single-crystal seed blanks, and makes recommendations for optimizing the technological process of single-crystal casting of Ni–W seed blanks adjusting the alloy composition for the seed blanks.

Mechanical Characteristics Alteration of a Steel Used in Water Turbine Blades

2016 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
Răzvan Coman ◽  
Robert Ciocoiu ◽  
Alin Dinita ◽  
Ion Ciucă
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Blade Surface ◽  
Water Turbine

A water turbine blade was investigated after it was discarded. First general macroscopic observations were performed on the turbine blade surface and then chemical composition of the steel was determined by arc spark optical emission spectroscopy. The study aimed to observe if the mechanical properties of the steel changed by a significant amount when compared with literature data. Tensile and impact tests were performed. The samples were obtained from transverse sections from the blade.

scholarly journals QUALITY ASSESSING OF COMMERCIAL ROE PRODUCTS FROM ALASKA POLLOCK ROE

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoping Chen ◽  
Bai Lu ◽  
Emiko OKAZAKI ◽  
Kazufumi OSAKO
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Color Parameters ◽  
Ovary Weight ◽  
Objective Quality ◽  
Egg Diameter

Objective evaluation of commercial spicy pollock roes was conducted. Ovary weight, ovary length, ovary membrane thickness, egg diameter, pH, color parameters, chemical composition, mechanical properties and protein composition were included in the evaluation items. The measurements of size, pH, color parameters, chemical composition and free amino acid may be not suitable for assessing the quality of commercial spicy pollock roe in the current industry, as they do not differ much between high-priced and low-priced products. However, we found that most of products showed significant differences in ovary hardness between them. Therefore, we propose the measurements of mechanical properties such as ovary hardness as objective quality assessing methods. Keywords: Alaska pollock roe ,Chemical composition, Ovary hardness 

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